5 Questions
What structural difference allows antibiotics to selectively target bacterial ribosomes?
The size of bacterial ribosomes is smaller than mammalian ribosomes.
Why does selective targeting of bacterial ribosomes minimize potential adverse effects on mammalian protein synthesis?
Mammalian ribosomes have a different structure.
Which antibiotics can cause toxic effects at high concentrations?
Chloramphenicol and tetracyclines
What causes the toxic effects of certain antibiotics on mammalian cells?
Interactions with mitochondrial ribosomes
Which organelles in mammalian cells share structural similarities with bacterial ribosomes, leading to potential toxicity?
Mitochondria
Study Notes
Selective Targeting and Safety
- Structural differences between bacterial and mammalian ribosomes enable antibiotics to target bacterial ribosomes specifically.
- This selectivity minimizes potential adverse effects on mammalian protein synthesis in host cells, ensuring safer antibiotic use.
- High concentrations of certain antibiotics, such as chloramphenicol or tetracyclines, can cause toxic effects despite selectivity.
- Toxic effects occur due to interactions with mitochondrial mammalian ribosomes, which share structural similarities with bacterial ribosomes.
Learn about the selectivity of antibiotics in targeting bacterial ribosomes, minimizing adverse effects on mammalian protein synthesis, and the potential toxic effects of certain antibiotics.
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