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Antibiotics Targeting Bacterial Ribosomes

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Antibiotics Targeting Bacterial Ribosomes

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Questions and Answers

What structural difference allows antibiotics to selectively target bacterial ribosomes?

Bacterial ribosomes are membrane-bound.

The size of bacterial ribosomes is smaller than mammalian ribosomes. (correct)

Bacterial ribosomes have a different genetic code.

Bacterial ribosomes lack RNA.

Why does selective targeting of bacterial ribosomes minimize potential adverse effects on mammalian protein synthesis?

Mammalian ribosomes produce different proteins.

Bacterial ribosomes are not present in mammalian cells.

Bacterial ribosomes function more efficiently.

Mammalian ribosomes have a different structure. (correct)

Which antibiotics can cause toxic effects at high concentrations?

Macrolides and sulfonamides

Aminoglycosides and quinolones

Penicillins and cephalosporins

Chloramphenicol and tetracyclines (correct)

What causes the toxic effects of certain antibiotics on mammalian cells?

<p>Interactions with mitochondrial ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelles in mammalian cells share structural similarities with bacterial ribosomes, leading to potential toxicity?

<p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Selective Targeting and Safety

Structural differences between bacterial and mammalian ribosomes enable antibiotics to target bacterial ribosomes specifically.
This selectivity minimizes potential adverse effects on mammalian protein synthesis in host cells, ensuring safer antibiotic use.
High concentrations of certain antibiotics, such as chloramphenicol or tetracyclines, can cause toxic effects despite selectivity.
Toxic effects occur due to interactions with mitochondrial mammalian ribosomes, which share structural similarities with bacterial ribosomes.

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Description

Learn about the selectivity of antibiotics in targeting bacterial ribosomes, minimizing adverse effects on mammalian protein synthesis, and the potential toxic effects of certain antibiotics.