Antibiotic Drug Classes Flashcards

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the prototype drug for Penicillins?

  • Amoxicillin (correct)
  • Nephrotoxic
  • Doxycycline
  • Cefazolin

What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Cephalosporins?

Inhibits cell wall synthesis with bactericidal action

Which of the following is a contraindication for Tetracyclines?

  • Pregnancy (correct)
  • Nephrotoxicity
  • Severe renal disease
  • Allergy to penicillin

The prototype drug for Cephalosporins is ___.

<p>Cefazolin</p> Signup and view all the answers

Penicillins are considered the least toxic antibiotics.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect is associated with Tetracyclines?

<p>Hepatotoxicity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be monitored closely during the first dose of Penicillins?

<p>Patient's reactions for any allergic response</p> Signup and view all the answers

What nursing consideration is crucial before administering Cephalosporins?

<p>Perform culture and sensitivity tests (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is the prototype drug for Penicillins?

Amoxicillin is the most commonly used penicillin and serves as the standard for the entire penicillin family, acting as a reference point for understanding the group's properties and actions.

How do Cephalosporins work?

Cephalosporins work by interfering with the construction of the bacterial cell wall, effectively stopping the bacteria from multiplying. This mechanism leads to the death of the bacteria, making them bactericidal.

Why are Tetracyclines avoided during pregnancy?

Tetracyclines are contraindicated in pregnancy due to their potential to harm the developing fetus, potentially impairing bone and tooth development. This risk outweighs any potential benefits.

What is the prototype drug for Cephalosporins?

Cefazolin is the most widely used cephalosporin, making it the representative drug for this class of antibiotics. It serves as the benchmark for understanding the properties and actions of the entire cephalosporin group.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Are Penicillins known for their safety?

Penicillins are generally well-tolerated by the human body, with minimal side effects compared to other antibiotic classes. However, the potential for allergic reactions should be carefully considered when administering penicillins.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a potential adverse effect of Tetracyclines?

Tetracyclines can cause damage to the liver, a serious side effect that requires monitoring and careful consideration when using these antibiotics. The risk of liver problems is a significant concern for patients taking tetracyclines.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Why is it important to closely monitor a patient during their first dose of Penicillins?

Penicillins can trigger severe allergic reactions, potentially life-threatening. Therefore, careful monitoring of the patient's reaction during the first dose is crucial to identify any signs of allergic response promptly.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Why are culture and sensitivity tests essential before giving Cephalosporins?

Performing culture and sensitivity tests before administering Cephalosporins is vital to ensure targeted therapy and minimize the risk of bacterial resistance. This helps determine the appropriate course of treatment based on the specific bacteria causing the infection.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Penicillins

  • Prototype antibiotic: Amoxicillin
  • Mechanism of Action: Contains beta-lactam ring that disrupts cell wall synthesis; can be bactericidal or bacteriostatic based on dosage.
  • Clinical Uses: Effective for pneumonia, meningitis, skin, bone, joint, stomach infections, and blood/valve infections.
  • Contraindications: Allergy to penicillin.
  • Adverse Effects: Risk of anaphylaxis or allergic reactions.
  • Characteristics: Considered the least toxic antibiotic, usually well tolerated.
  • Nursing Considerations: Monitor closely during the first dose, ensure adequate fluid intake, avoid administration with food.

Cephalosporins

  • Prototype antibiotic: Cefazolin (Ancef)
  • Mechanism of Action: Inhibits cell wall synthesis with a bactericidal effect.
  • Clinical Uses: Target serious infections in lower respiratory tract, CNS, GU system, bones, and joints where penicillins may be ineffective.
  • Adverse Effects: Potential for seizures and nephrotoxicity; caution when combined with other nephrotoxic drugs.
  • Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins.
  • Nursing Considerations: Conduct culture and sensitivity (C&S) tests before therapy, assess renal and liver functions, avoid co-administration with iron or antacids.

Tetracyclines

  • Prototype antibiotic: Doxycycline
  • Mechanism of Action: Inhibits protein synthesis.
  • Clinical Uses: Effective against respiratory and skin infections, also the drug of choice for specific STIs.
  • Adverse Effects: Can cause severe photosensitivity and hepatotoxicity.
  • Contraindications: Use with caution during pregnancy (requires contraceptive use), avoid in cases of severe hepatic or renal disease.
  • Nursing Considerations: Store away from light and heat to maintain stability.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser