Questions and Answers
What is the prototype drug for Penicillins?
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Cephalosporins?
Inhibits cell wall synthesis with bactericidal action
Which of the following is a contraindication for Tetracyclines?
The prototype drug for Cephalosporins is ___.
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Penicillins are considered the least toxic antibiotics.
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Which adverse effect is associated with Tetracyclines?
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What should be monitored closely during the first dose of Penicillins?
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What nursing consideration is crucial before administering Cephalosporins?
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Study Notes
Penicillins
- Prototype antibiotic: Amoxicillin
- Mechanism of Action: Contains beta-lactam ring that disrupts cell wall synthesis; can be bactericidal or bacteriostatic based on dosage.
- Clinical Uses: Effective for pneumonia, meningitis, skin, bone, joint, stomach infections, and blood/valve infections.
- Contraindications: Allergy to penicillin.
- Adverse Effects: Risk of anaphylaxis or allergic reactions.
- Characteristics: Considered the least toxic antibiotic, usually well tolerated.
- Nursing Considerations: Monitor closely during the first dose, ensure adequate fluid intake, avoid administration with food.
Cephalosporins
- Prototype antibiotic: Cefazolin (Ancef)
- Mechanism of Action: Inhibits cell wall synthesis with a bactericidal effect.
- Clinical Uses: Target serious infections in lower respiratory tract, CNS, GU system, bones, and joints where penicillins may be ineffective.
- Adverse Effects: Potential for seizures and nephrotoxicity; caution when combined with other nephrotoxic drugs.
- Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins.
- Nursing Considerations: Conduct culture and sensitivity (C&S) tests before therapy, assess renal and liver functions, avoid co-administration with iron or antacids.
Tetracyclines
- Prototype antibiotic: Doxycycline
- Mechanism of Action: Inhibits protein synthesis.
- Clinical Uses: Effective against respiratory and skin infections, also the drug of choice for specific STIs.
- Adverse Effects: Can cause severe photosensitivity and hepatotoxicity.
- Contraindications: Use with caution during pregnancy (requires contraceptive use), avoid in cases of severe hepatic or renal disease.
- Nursing Considerations: Store away from light and heat to maintain stability.
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Description
This quiz focuses on antibiotic drug classes, specifically examining penicillins and their characteristics. Participants will learn about the mechanism of action, uses, contraindications, and adverse effects of these crucial medications. Test your knowledge on antibiotics and their implications for patient care.
