Antibiotics: Penicillins and Derived Compounds
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following antibiotics is most effective in treating Gram+ infections?

  • Aminoglycosides
  • Penicillins (correct)
  • Cephalosporins
  • Beta-lactamase inhibitors

    • What is the most serious complication of using Penicillins?

  • Hypersensitivity and nephropathy (correct)
  • Ototoxicity
  • Muscle weakness
  • Nephrotoxicity

    • Which of the following antibiotics is derived from a fungus?

  • Aminoglycosides
  • Penicillins and Cephalosporins (correct)
  • Beta-lactamase inhibitors
  • Carbenicillin and ticaracillin

    • What is the main reason for using combinations of antibiotics with beta-lactamase inhibitors?

    <p>To prevent the inactivation of antibiotics by beta-lactamase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following antibiotics has poor distribution to the CNS?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following antibiotics is used to treat infections of the skin, GU, GI, respiratory tract, and soft tissues?

    <p>Penicillins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should Aminoglycosides be used cautiously in patients with Myasthenia Gravis or neuromuscular disorders?

    <p>Because they can increase muscle weakness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the poor absorption of Aminoglycosides from the GI tract?

    <p>They are not absorbed from the GI tract due to their charge and size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following antibiotics is NOT used in surgical prophylaxis?

    <p>Beta-lactamase inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of antibiotics used in the long-term treatment of acne?

    <p>Interference with production of free fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria?

    <p>Chloramphenicol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main indication for the use of Metronidazole?

    <p>Treatment of intestinal protozoal infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is commonly used to treat MRSA infections?

    <p>Vancomycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential adverse effect of rapid infusion of Vancomycin?

    <p>Flushing and skin rash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is similar in action to macrolides?

    <p>Clindamycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication for the use of Clindamycin?

    <p>Treatment of acne</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bacteria is Metronidazole effective against?

    <p>Anaerobic bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of fluoroquinolones?

    <p>Interfering with DNA gyrase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for the use of fluoroquinolones?

    <p>Pregnant or lactating women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect of sulfonamides?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication for clarithromycin in the treatment of H. pylori?

    <p>Helicobacter pylori infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of macrolides?

    <p>Inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common interaction with macrolides?

    <p>Food can interfere with absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for the combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole?

    <p>Urinary tract infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

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