Antibiotics: Penicillins and Derived Compounds
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following antibiotics is most effective in treating Gram+ infections?

  • Aminoglycosides
  • Penicillins (correct)
  • Cephalosporins
  • Beta-lactamase inhibitors

What is the most serious complication of using Penicillins?

  • Hypersensitivity and nephropathy (correct)
  • Ototoxicity
  • Muscle weakness
  • Nephrotoxicity

Which of the following antibiotics is derived from a fungus?

  • Aminoglycosides
  • Penicillins and Cephalosporins (correct)
  • Beta-lactamase inhibitors
  • Carbenicillin and ticaracillin

What is the main reason for using combinations of antibiotics with beta-lactamase inhibitors?

<p>To prevent the inactivation of antibiotics by beta-lactamase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics has poor distribution to the CNS?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics is used to treat infections of the skin, GU, GI, respiratory tract, and soft tissues?

<p>Penicillins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should Aminoglycosides be used cautiously in patients with Myasthenia Gravis or neuromuscular disorders?

<p>Because they can increase muscle weakness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the poor absorption of Aminoglycosides from the GI tract?

<p>They are not absorbed from the GI tract due to their charge and size (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics is NOT used in surgical prophylaxis?

<p>Beta-lactamase inhibitors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of antibiotics used in the long-term treatment of acne?

<p>Interference with production of free fatty acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria?

<p>Chloramphenicol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main indication for the use of Metronidazole?

<p>Treatment of intestinal protozoal infections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is commonly used to treat MRSA infections?

<p>Vancomycin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential adverse effect of rapid infusion of Vancomycin?

<p>Flushing and skin rash (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is similar in action to macrolides?

<p>Clindamycin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the indication for the use of Clindamycin?

<p>Treatment of acne (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bacteria is Metronidazole effective against?

<p>Anaerobic bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of fluoroquinolones?

<p>Interfering with DNA gyrase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for the use of fluoroquinolones?

<p>Pregnant or lactating women (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of sulfonamides?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the indication for clarithromycin in the treatment of H. pylori?

<p>Helicobacter pylori infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of macrolides?

<p>Inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common interaction with macrolides?

<p>Food can interfere with absorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for the combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole?

<p>Urinary tract infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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