Antibiotics and Urinary Antiseptics

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What is the mechanism of action of Caspofungin, Micafungin, and Anidulafungin?

Inhibition of B-(1,3)-D-glucan synthase (correct)
Binding to ergosterol in the cell membrane
Disruption of fungal DNA replication
Inhibition of cell membrane synthesis

What is the primary mechanism of cell death caused by Caspofungin, Micafungin, and Anidulafungin?

Inhibition of fungal DNA replication
Inhibition of cell wall permeability
Disruption of glucan synthesis leading to cell rupture (correct)
Disruption of cell membrane function

Which of the following fungi is NOT affected by Caspofungin, Micafungin, and Anidulafungin?

Candida albicans
Aspergillus fumigatus
Candida glabrata
Cryptococcus neoformans (correct)

What is the mechanism of action of cycloserine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Competitive inhibition of D-alanine involved in bacterial cell wall synthesis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Amphotericin B?

Binding to ergosterol in the cell membrane (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antitubercular drugs is no longer available?

Viomycin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of Nystatin?

Treatment of oral candidiasis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main disadvantage of using Amikacin and Kanamicin in the treatment of MDR tuberculosis?

High cost (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of Natamycin?

Treatment of fungal keratitis and blepharitis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of fluoroquinolones against Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Inhibition of bacterial DNA gyrase (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antitubercular drugs is contraindicated in patients with underlying psychiatric and seizure disorders?

Cycloserine (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary activity of Clofazimine against Mycobacterium?

M. leprae (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Rifampicin in treating tuberculosis?

Binding to the subunit of bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall?

Mycolic acid (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antitubercular drugs is a synthetic analogue of nicotinamide?

Pyrazinamide (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the staining technique used to visualize Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Acid-Fast Staining (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antitubercular drugs is not recommended for use alone due to the risk of resistance?

Ethambutol (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to many antibiotics?

High concentration of lipids in the cell wall (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antitubercular drugs is known for its hepatotoxic effects?

Pyrazinamide (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Pyrazinamide in treating tuberculosis?

Inhibiting the incorporation of mycolic acid in the cell wall (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antitubercular drugs is known for its vestibulotoxic effects?

Streptomycin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Koch Disease (A) Signup and view all the answers