16 Questions
What is the definition of an antibiotic?
A substance produced by one microorganism that inhibits the growth of other microorganisms at low concentrations
Who demonstrated that the red azo dye prontosil could cure streptococcal infections in human beings?
Domagk
What category does disinfectants and antiseptics fall under?
Non-antibiotic antimicrobial agents
What was the historical use of natural antimicrobial compounds of plant origin?
To treat malaria
What is the classification of antimicrobial agents according to the text?
Antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents, non-antibiotic antimicrobial agents, environmental products
Who used the organic arsenical compound (arsphenamine) for the treatment of syphilis?
Paul Ehrlich
Which milestone in antimicrobial therapy began with the observation of Fleming after the second world war?
Observation of mold contaminant inhibiting staphylococci growth
What is the property of an ideal antibiotic defined as the toxic dose divided by the therapeutic dose?
Selectively toxic to the microbe but non toxic to eukaryotic cell
Which classification of antimicrobial agents includes antibiotics obtained naturally from microorganisms, fungi, and bacteria?
Classification according to source and nature
Which group of antimicrobial agents includes penicillins, cephalosporins, and clavams?
β-lactams
Which type of antimicrobial agents is used internally for respiratory tract infections?
Penicillins
Who produced benzyl penicillin on an industrial scale after the observation of Fleming?
Florey
Which antibiotic property is defined as being bactericidal rather than bacteriostatic?
Is bactericidal rather than bacteriostatic
'Streptomyces spp.' is associated with the production of which type of antibiotics?
'Natural' antibiotics obtained from microorganisms
'Ampicillin and cloxacillin' are examples of which type of antibiotics?
'Semi synthetic' antibiotics
'Imidazole derivatives' include which antibiotic?
'Metronidazole'
Explore the definition, historical background, and classification of antimicrobial agents including antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents, and non-antibiotic antimicrobial agents. Understand the role of antibiotics in inhibiting the growth of microorganisms.
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