Anselm and Duns Scotus on Trinity and Atonement
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Questions and Answers

What does 'act' refer to in Aristotelian metaphysics?

  • The ability to change
  • An inactive state
  • A theoretical concept
  • The realization of potential (correct)

    • Antinomianism suggests that Christians must strictly follow moral law to attain salvation.

    False

    What is consubstantiality in Christian doctrine?

    The belief that the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit share the same divine essence.

    An _________ is a person who leads a solitary life of prayer and asceticism.

    <p>anchorite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts with their definitions:

    <p>Arianism = Denial of the full divinity of Jesus Christ Anthropocentrism = Humans at the center of importance Cosmopolitanism = Global citizenship Asceticism = Self-denial for spiritual growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the essence of something according to metaphysics?

    <p>What something is</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Atonement refers to the reconciliation of humanity with God through moral deeds.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Final Cause' refer to in Aristotelian thought?

    <p>The purpose or goal for which something exists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Aquinas’ eschatological view state about the physical world at the end of time?

    <p>It will be re-ordered to perfection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aquinas argued that angels occupy physical space.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the devil’s desire according to Aquinas?

    <p>To be like God in power and autonomy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Aquinas, humans can show charity to irrational creatures as part of the created order reflecting __________ goodness.

    <p>God's</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts to their descriptions:

    <p>Strong theories of existence = Existence as a property of a thing Weak theories of existence = Existence as a precondition for identifying beings Introvertive mystical experience = Focusing inward on union with the divine Extrovertive mystical experience = Perceiving God's presence in the external world</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Aquinas identify as a characteristic of demons due to their separation from God?

    <p>Sorrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dante held that secular authority derives its power from the Church.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do humans play in the Great Chain of Being as described by Aquinas?

    <p>They reflect both physical and spiritual elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mystical experiences are often described as __________, noetic, and transient.

    <p>ineffable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Aquinas teach about love for one’s enemies?

    <p>It means willing their good.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is haecceity?

    <p>The essence that makes an individual unique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Nicene Creed affirms the belief in the Trinity as three separate divine beings.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Imitatio dei' refer to?

    <p>Imitation of God</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A __________ is a garment worn as an act of penance, made of rough material.

    <p>hair shirt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Natural Law = Moral law reflecting divine law Purgatory = State of purification for souls Messiah = Anointed one delivering God's people Teleology = Study of purposes or goals in natural processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes 'Suffering Servant'?

    <p>A figure in Isaiah's prophecy interpreted as Christ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Duns Scotus believed that God's infinity is quantitative.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Numerical Identity' refer to?

    <p>The concept that something is identical to itself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The principle that everything must have a reason or explanation for its existence is called the Principle of __________.

    <p>Sufficient Reason</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following philosophical concepts with their definitions:

    <p>Voluntarism = Emphasis on will over intellect Principle of Plenitude = The fullness of being Hylomorphism = Composition of matter and form Nominalism = Universals as names rather than real entities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Aristotelian thought, what defines 'Substantial Form'?

    <p>The essential principle giving a thing its specific nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mysticism seeks direct knowledge of God or ultimate reality.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Sabellianism' teach about the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit?

    <p>They are not distinct persons but modes of God’s manifestation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Latin term 'summum bonum' refers to the __________ good in philosophy and theology.

    <p>highest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Anselm's Argument Against Roscelin's Trinity

    • Roscelin proposed three separate divine beings (tritheism).
    • Anselm argued for the unity of the divine essence.
    • Consubstantiality (sharing a divine essence) contradicts separate substances.

    Anselm's Christology

    • Christ is fully divine and fully human.
    • Essential for atonement (reconciling humans with God).
    • A perfect mediator between God and humans.

    Anselm's View vs. Traditional Atonement

    • Anselm rejected ransom theories (payment to a devil).
    • Insisted Christ's sacrifice satisfied humanity's debt to God.
    • Aligned salvation with God's honor, not external forces.

    Duns Scotus' Solution to Individuation

    • Introduced "haecceity" (thisness) to differentiate individuals.
    • Uniquely identifies each individual, despite shared universal properties.
    • Addresses individual identity within metaphysical frameworks.

    Duns Scotus' Approach to God's Infinity

    • God's infinity is qualitative, not quantitative.
    • Reflects God's boundless perfection and capacity.
    • Distinct from limitations of finite entities.

    Duns Scotus' Doctrine of Formal Distinction

    • Differentiates inseparable, yet distinct, attributes (like justice & mercy).
    • Maintains divine simplicity while explaining distinct attribute relations.
    • Preserves God's essence without dividing it.

    Aquinas' 'Destruction of the World'

    • Aquinas viewed the world's transformation at the end of time.
    • Aligns with Christian teachings of resurrection and renewal.
    • Implies a reordering, not destruction.

    Aquinas on Body and Soul

    • Soul is the substantial form of the body.
    • Provides life, purpose, and unity to humans.
    • Soul is immortal and intellectual; incomplete without the body.

    Aquinas on Angel Location

    • Angels, immaterial, are not in a place through space.
    • Presence through exerted influence or focus.

    Aquinas on the Devil's Desire

    • The devil desired power and autonomy rather than essence.
    • Prideful disobedience led to the fall, not a challenge to God's divinity.

    Aquinas on Demon Sorrow

    • Demons grieve their separation from God and loss of beatitude.
    • Sorrow stems from their inability to undo past sin.

    Aquinas on Love for Irrational Creatures

    • Humans can show charity to irrational creatures.
    • Not as ends in themselves but as part of God's plan.
    • Respect creation's role within God's order.

    Aquinas on Love for Enemies

    • Love enemies by willing their good (especially salvation).
    • Opposes wrongdoings, reflecting divine love & mercy.

    Aquinas on Angel Species

    • Angel individuality from their unique form, not material bodies.
    • Each form constitutes a distinct species.

    Strong vs. Weak Theories of Existence

    • Strong theories: Existence is a property of a thing.
    • Weak theories: Existence is a precondition, not a property.

    Humans as Microcosm

    • Humans reflect the universe (macrocosm), combining aspects.
    • Bridging material creation and divine realities.
    • Central role as mediators in the cosmic order.

    Three Characteristics of Mystical Experience

    • Ineffable (indescribable).
    • Noetic (imparting knowledge).
    • Transient (temporary but impactful).

    Introvertive vs. Extrovertive Mysticism (Margery Kempe)

    • Introvertive: Inward focus on divine union.
    • Extrovertive: Perceiving God in the external world.
    • Kempe's experiences exemplified both.

    Dante on Secular vs. Church Authority

    • Dante: Secular authority from God, independent of the Church.
    • Ensures proper governance for earthly & spiritual realms.

    Dante on Combined Authority

    • Dante: Humans need guidance from both Church & secular rulers—spiritual & temporal.
    • Dual governance supporting humanity's dual nature.

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    Description

    Explore the philosophical arguments of Anselm against Roscelin's tritheism and his views on Christology. Delve into Duns Scotus' concepts of haecceity and God's infinity. This quiz covers significant metaphysical and theological topics related to individuality and the nature of divine essence.

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