Ankle and Foot Ligaments Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What type of injury occurs due to excessive tensile loads?

  • Peritendinopathy injury
  • Midportion injury (correct)
  • Compressive injury
  • Insertion injury

    • What is the primary management strategy for peritendinopathy?

  • Resistance training
  • Managing the peritendon first (correct)
  • Surgery
  • Ice application

    • Which scenario represents a combination of compressive and tensile loads?

  • Pushing off in end range dorsiflexion (correct)
  • Hanging heel off the edge of the step
  • Jumping
  • Repetitive plantarflexion and dorsiflexion

    • What is the typical symptom of tendinopathy when examining tenderness?

    <p>Less tenderness with maximal dorsiflexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of load primarily causes insertion injuries?

    <p>Compressive loads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the syndesmosis ligament?

    <p>Support the foot during rotational activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is specifically used to identify syndesmosis injuries?

    <p>Squeeze test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What injury pattern is typically associated with syndesmosis injuries?

    <p>Foot pinned to the ground during external rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following management strategies is recommended for syndesmosis injuries?

    <p>POLICE method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of injury sequence, which ligament is typically injured before the syndesmosis ligament?

    <p>ATFL (Anterior Talofibular Ligament)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a positive indication of a syndesmosis injury when performing the valgus tilt test?

    <p>Excessive movement of the fibula relative to the tibia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main origin point for the syndesmosis ligament?

    <p>Medial aspect of the distal fibula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When assessing for internal rotation of the leg, which position of the foot typically indicates a syndesmosis injury?

    <p>Foot fixed in external rotation and dorsiflexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is turf toe primarily associated with?

    <p>Injury to plantar structures of the 1st metatarsophalangeal joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which testing method is noted for its 100% sensitivity in tibial bone stress injuries?

    <p>Hop test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of taping in the management of turf toe?

    <p>To restrict excessive dorsiflexion of the hallux</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to perform hyperdorsiflexion taping?

    <p>2 thin strips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT part of the POLICE management for turf toe?

    <p>Rehabilitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hyperplantarflexion taping requires how many strips of tape?

    <p>2 thin strips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the taping for turf toe aim to provide at the first metatarsophalangeal joint?

    <p>Plantarflexion and abduction force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these injuries results from an external force applied to the hallux?

    <p>Turf toe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of taping for sand toe?

    <p>To restrict excessive plantarflexion of the hallux</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional support does the thin tape provide when applied loosely around the base of the hallux?

    <p>Dorsiflexion and abduction force at the first MPJ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which components are necessary for the management of sand toe?

    <p>POLICE, taping, stiff soled shoe, orthotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the thick strip of tape applied for plantar plate injury achieve?

    <p>Reduces plantarflexion force during walking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the benefits of using a standard ankle taping technique?

    <p>Provides stability, support, and compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action is performed first in the taping process for sand toe?

    <p>Tape from the dorsal surface to the heel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common indication for using ankle taping?

    <p>Managing ankle instability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does taping benefit patients with plantar plate injuries?

    <p>By providing force to reduce strain during gait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the heel lock technique when applied in the opposite direction?

    <p>Provides additional ankle support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which taping technique starts above the heel on the medial side, wrapping around to the lateral side?

    <p>Heel compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the low-dye taping method?

    <p>An anchor strip going horizontal under met heads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is specifically addressed by low-dye taping?

    <p>Plantar heel pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the last step in the low-dye taping method?

    <p>Apply a loose strip dorsally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of the figure of 6 taping technique?

    <p>Wraps around both sides of the ankle and heel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many vertical strips are involved in the low-dye taping method?

    <p>Three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is primarily treated by heel compression taping?

    <p>Plantar heel pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical test is commonly used for assessing posterior ankle impingement?

    <p>Dorsal impingement sign</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of syndesmosis injury?

    <p>Inability to weight bear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism of injury is most associated with Lisfranc ligament injury?

    <p>Axial and/or rotational load</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In midfoot osteoarthritis, what physical examination finding may be noted?

    <p>Joint stiffness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is NOT typically used to assess deltoid ligament injury?

    <p>Piano key test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is most likely associated with anterior ankle impingement?

    <p>Pain during dorsiflexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What imaging study is typically recommended to evaluate midfoot injuries?

    <p>Standard WB x-ray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of management may be considered if conservative treatments fail for posteromedial ankle impingement?

    <p>Bracing for increased demands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In syndesmosis injury, what test can help reproduce the pain?

    <p>Point test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is commonly experienced with chronic deltoid ligament injuries?

    <p>‘Giving way’ feeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pathology is often indicated by the presence of bony spurring in the ankle?

    <p>Posteromedial ankle impingement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What activity is likely to exacerbate symptoms of midfoot arthritis?

    <p>Long-distance running</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ankle taping techniques may provide support during rehabilitation?

    <p>High dye taping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Lateral Ligaments

    • Origin: Lateral malleolus of fibula
    • Insertion: Talus (ATFL), Calcaneus (CFL), Posterior talus (PTFL)

    Medial Ligaments

    • Deltoid Ligament (deep component):
      • Posterior tibiotalar ligament
      • Anterior tibiotalar ligament
      • Tibiocalcaneal ligament
      • Tibionavicular ligament
    • Deltoid Ligament (superficial component):
      • Origin: Tibia
      • Insertion: Navicular/Calcaneus

    Clinical Assessment Tests

    • Tests for ATFL instability: Anterior Drawer Test
    • Tests for ATFL instability: Anterolateral Drawer Test
    • Tests for CFL instability: Talar Tilt Test
    • Tests for deltoid/medial ligament instability: Valgus tilt stress test

    Spring/Deltoid Ligament

    • Origin: Calcaneus
    • Insertion: Navicular

    Syndesmosis Ligament

    • Origin: Medial aspect of distal fibula
    • Insertion: Lateral aspect of distal tibia

    Lisfranc Ligament

    • Origin: Medial cuneiform
    • Insertion: Base of 2nd metatarsal

    Plantar Plate Injuries

    • Insertion: Proximal phalanx
    • Ligament on plantar surface of MPJs

    Morton's Neuroma

    • Located between 3rd/4th metatarsals

    Achilles Injury

    • Origin: Gastroc/soleus muscle
    • Insertion: Calcaneus

    Bone Stress Injuries

    • Calcaneal Squeeze Test
    • Navicular 'N' Spot
    • Tenderness over calcaneus when squeezing heel from both sides

    Taping

    • Hyperdorsiflexion (turf toe)
    • Hyperplantarflexion (sand toe)
    • Digital Plantarflexion (plantar plate)
    • Standard ankle taping with heel lock
    • Low dye taping
    • Heel compression

    Load Management, Rehabilitation and Exercise Prescription

    • 45yr old runner - Achilles Tendinopathy
    • 35yr old runner - Plantar Fasciopathy
    • 65yr old retiree - Plantar Fasciopathy

    Physical & Psychobehavioural Factors

    • Running time
    • Running pace
    • Weight lifted
    • Weight lifting tempo
    • Weights (sets/reps)
    • Time on feet (eg: work)
    • Stress
    • Family/occupational
    • Social environments
    • Economic factors

    Outcome Measures

    • PROM: Patient reported outcome measures, via questionnaire
    • Disease/specific or generic assessments

    Rehabilitation Programming

    • Mechanotransduction—The body converting mechanical loads into cellular responses
    • Mechano Therapy—Using therapeutic exercise to promote the repair or re-modelling of injured tissue

    Clinical Decision Making for Exercise Prescription

    • Assess patient's current status
    • Identify involved/injured tissues
    • Stage of tissue healing
    • Identify criteria and timing for exercise progression
    • Understand contextual factors
    • Understand specificity and dosage principles

    Types of exercise/movement

    • Stretching
    • Isometrics
    • Isotonics
    • Plyometrics
    • Power
    • Force x Velocity

    Exercise selection + exercise dosage = tissue response

    • Plyometrics
    • Strength/power
    • Hypertrophy
    • Endurance

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the ankle and foot ligaments. This quiz covers topics like lateral and medial ligaments, clinical assessment tests, and specific ligament injuries. Perfect for students in orthopedic studies or anatomy classes.

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