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Questions and Answers
What type of injury occurs due to excessive tensile loads?
What type of injury occurs due to excessive tensile loads?
What is the primary management strategy for peritendinopathy?
What is the primary management strategy for peritendinopathy?
Which scenario represents a combination of compressive and tensile loads?
Which scenario represents a combination of compressive and tensile loads?
What is the typical symptom of tendinopathy when examining tenderness?
What is the typical symptom of tendinopathy when examining tenderness?
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Which type of load primarily causes insertion injuries?
Which type of load primarily causes insertion injuries?
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What is the primary function of the syndesmosis ligament?
What is the primary function of the syndesmosis ligament?
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Which test is specifically used to identify syndesmosis injuries?
Which test is specifically used to identify syndesmosis injuries?
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What injury pattern is typically associated with syndesmosis injuries?
What injury pattern is typically associated with syndesmosis injuries?
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Which of the following management strategies is recommended for syndesmosis injuries?
Which of the following management strategies is recommended for syndesmosis injuries?
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In terms of injury sequence, which ligament is typically injured before the syndesmosis ligament?
In terms of injury sequence, which ligament is typically injured before the syndesmosis ligament?
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What is a positive indication of a syndesmosis injury when performing the valgus tilt test?
What is a positive indication of a syndesmosis injury when performing the valgus tilt test?
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What is the main origin point for the syndesmosis ligament?
What is the main origin point for the syndesmosis ligament?
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When assessing for internal rotation of the leg, which position of the foot typically indicates a syndesmosis injury?
When assessing for internal rotation of the leg, which position of the foot typically indicates a syndesmosis injury?
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What is turf toe primarily associated with?
What is turf toe primarily associated with?
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Which testing method is noted for its 100% sensitivity in tibial bone stress injuries?
Which testing method is noted for its 100% sensitivity in tibial bone stress injuries?
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What is the purpose of taping in the management of turf toe?
What is the purpose of taping in the management of turf toe?
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What is required to perform hyperdorsiflexion taping?
What is required to perform hyperdorsiflexion taping?
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Which of the following is NOT part of the POLICE management for turf toe?
Which of the following is NOT part of the POLICE management for turf toe?
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Hyperplantarflexion taping requires how many strips of tape?
Hyperplantarflexion taping requires how many strips of tape?
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What does the taping for turf toe aim to provide at the first metatarsophalangeal joint?
What does the taping for turf toe aim to provide at the first metatarsophalangeal joint?
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Which of these injuries results from an external force applied to the hallux?
Which of these injuries results from an external force applied to the hallux?
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What is the primary purpose of taping for sand toe?
What is the primary purpose of taping for sand toe?
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What additional support does the thin tape provide when applied loosely around the base of the hallux?
What additional support does the thin tape provide when applied loosely around the base of the hallux?
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Which components are necessary for the management of sand toe?
Which components are necessary for the management of sand toe?
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What does the thick strip of tape applied for plantar plate injury achieve?
What does the thick strip of tape applied for plantar plate injury achieve?
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What are the benefits of using a standard ankle taping technique?
What are the benefits of using a standard ankle taping technique?
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Which action is performed first in the taping process for sand toe?
Which action is performed first in the taping process for sand toe?
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What is a common indication for using ankle taping?
What is a common indication for using ankle taping?
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How does taping benefit patients with plantar plate injuries?
How does taping benefit patients with plantar plate injuries?
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What is the purpose of the heel lock technique when applied in the opposite direction?
What is the purpose of the heel lock technique when applied in the opposite direction?
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Which taping technique starts above the heel on the medial side, wrapping around to the lateral side?
Which taping technique starts above the heel on the medial side, wrapping around to the lateral side?
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What is the first step in the low-dye taping method?
What is the first step in the low-dye taping method?
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Which of the following conditions is specifically addressed by low-dye taping?
Which of the following conditions is specifically addressed by low-dye taping?
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What is the last step in the low-dye taping method?
What is the last step in the low-dye taping method?
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What is a key feature of the figure of 6 taping technique?
What is a key feature of the figure of 6 taping technique?
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How many vertical strips are involved in the low-dye taping method?
How many vertical strips are involved in the low-dye taping method?
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What condition is primarily treated by heel compression taping?
What condition is primarily treated by heel compression taping?
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Which clinical test is commonly used for assessing posterior ankle impingement?
Which clinical test is commonly used for assessing posterior ankle impingement?
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What is a common symptom of syndesmosis injury?
What is a common symptom of syndesmosis injury?
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Which mechanism of injury is most associated with Lisfranc ligament injury?
Which mechanism of injury is most associated with Lisfranc ligament injury?
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In midfoot osteoarthritis, what physical examination finding may be noted?
In midfoot osteoarthritis, what physical examination finding may be noted?
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Which test is NOT typically used to assess deltoid ligament injury?
Which test is NOT typically used to assess deltoid ligament injury?
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What symptom is most likely associated with anterior ankle impingement?
What symptom is most likely associated with anterior ankle impingement?
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What imaging study is typically recommended to evaluate midfoot injuries?
What imaging study is typically recommended to evaluate midfoot injuries?
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What type of management may be considered if conservative treatments fail for posteromedial ankle impingement?
What type of management may be considered if conservative treatments fail for posteromedial ankle impingement?
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In syndesmosis injury, what test can help reproduce the pain?
In syndesmosis injury, what test can help reproduce the pain?
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Which symptom is commonly experienced with chronic deltoid ligament injuries?
Which symptom is commonly experienced with chronic deltoid ligament injuries?
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Which pathology is often indicated by the presence of bony spurring in the ankle?
Which pathology is often indicated by the presence of bony spurring in the ankle?
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What activity is likely to exacerbate symptoms of midfoot arthritis?
What activity is likely to exacerbate symptoms of midfoot arthritis?
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Which of the following ankle taping techniques may provide support during rehabilitation?
Which of the following ankle taping techniques may provide support during rehabilitation?
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Study Notes
Lateral Ligaments
- Origin: Lateral malleolus of fibula
- Insertion: Talus (ATFL), Calcaneus (CFL), Posterior talus (PTFL)
Medial Ligaments
- Deltoid Ligament (deep component):
- Posterior tibiotalar ligament
- Anterior tibiotalar ligament
- Tibiocalcaneal ligament
- Tibionavicular ligament
- Deltoid Ligament (superficial component):
- Origin: Tibia
- Insertion: Navicular/Calcaneus
Clinical Assessment Tests
- Tests for ATFL instability: Anterior Drawer Test
- Tests for ATFL instability: Anterolateral Drawer Test
- Tests for CFL instability: Talar Tilt Test
- Tests for deltoid/medial ligament instability: Valgus tilt stress test
Spring/Deltoid Ligament
- Origin: Calcaneus
- Insertion: Navicular
Syndesmosis Ligament
- Origin: Medial aspect of distal fibula
- Insertion: Lateral aspect of distal tibia
Lisfranc Ligament
- Origin: Medial cuneiform
- Insertion: Base of 2nd metatarsal
Plantar Plate Injuries
- Insertion: Proximal phalanx
- Ligament on plantar surface of MPJs
Morton's Neuroma
- Located between 3rd/4th metatarsals
Achilles Injury
- Origin: Gastroc/soleus muscle
- Insertion: Calcaneus
Bone Stress Injuries
- Calcaneal Squeeze Test
- Navicular 'N' Spot
- Tenderness over calcaneus when squeezing heel from both sides
Taping
- Hyperdorsiflexion (turf toe)
- Hyperplantarflexion (sand toe)
- Digital Plantarflexion (plantar plate)
- Standard ankle taping with heel lock
- Low dye taping
- Heel compression
Load Management, Rehabilitation and Exercise Prescription
- 45yr old runner - Achilles Tendinopathy
- 35yr old runner - Plantar Fasciopathy
- 65yr old retiree - Plantar Fasciopathy
Physical & Psychobehavioural Factors
- Running time
- Running pace
- Weight lifted
- Weight lifting tempo
- Weights (sets/reps)
- Time on feet (eg: work)
- Stress
- Family/occupational
- Social environments
- Economic factors
Outcome Measures
- PROM: Patient reported outcome measures, via questionnaire
- Disease/specific or generic assessments
Rehabilitation Programming
- Mechanotransduction—The body converting mechanical loads into cellular responses
- Mechano Therapy—Using therapeutic exercise to promote the repair or re-modelling of injured tissue
Clinical Decision Making for Exercise Prescription
- Assess patient's current status
- Identify involved/injured tissues
- Stage of tissue healing
- Identify criteria and timing for exercise progression
- Understand contextual factors
- Understand specificity and dosage principles
Types of exercise/movement
- Stretching
- Isometrics
- Isotonics
- Plyometrics
- Power
- Force x Velocity
Exercise selection + exercise dosage = tissue response
- Plyometrics
- Strength/power
- Hypertrophy
- Endurance
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Description
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the ankle and foot ligaments. This quiz covers topics like lateral and medial ligaments, clinical assessment tests, and specific ligament injuries. Perfect for students in orthopedic studies or anatomy classes.
