Ancient Civilizations: Minoan & Mycenaean Quiz

A civilization that flourished on the island of Crete from 2500-1400 BC, known for its advanced culture, seafaring prowess, and influence on Greek culture.

The capital city of the Minoan civilization, located on the island of Crete.

The legendary king of the Minoan civilization.

A period in Greek history following the decline of the Mycenaean civilization, characterized by a significant decrease in population, trade, and cultural development.

The independent city-states that emerged in ancient Greece, each with its own government, laws, and cultural identity.

A powerful and militaristic city-state in ancient Greece, known for its strict social hierarchy, military strength, and emphasis on discipline.

The epic poem attributed to Homer, narrating the story of the Trojan War.

The epic poem attributed to Homer, narrating the journey of Odysseus after the Trojan War.

A type of slave in ancient Sparta, primarily involved in agricultural work. Helots played a significant role in Spartan society.

The military lifestyle that Spartan boys underwent, starting at the age of 7. They lived in barracks and received rigorous training.

The hereditary rulers of Sparta. They held a position of power and influence, but were not absolute monarchs.

Spartan values emphasized physical fitness, duty, strength, and discipline. Luxury and personal expression were discouraged.

The Spartan society consisted of three main social groups: Spartiates (military professionals), Perioeci (non-citizen free men), and Helots (peasant workers).

Athens is a powerful city-state known for its democracy, intellectual pursuits, and cultural achievements.

A period of significant population growth in Athens, from 475-430 BC.

Athenian women were limited in their rights and roles. They were primarily expected to manage the household and raise children. Education was mainly focused on domestic skills, and they had no involvement in government or public life.

In ancient Athens, there were various social classes. Freemen were male citizens, including aristocrats, middle-class farmers, and the lowest class of craftsmen. Metics were non-citizen residents allowed to run businesses but not own land. Slaves were the lowest class with no rights.

Moat D is an acronym for the historical transitions in Athenian government: Monarchy, Oligarchy, Aristocracy, Tyranny, and Democracy.

Draco, the Athenian Archon, established a harsh and permanent written law code that differentiated treatment based on social class. This caused unrest among the lower classes.

Solon, another Athenian Archon, aimed to appease the lower classes by canceling debts, outlawing debt slavery, and establishing citizen classes based on wealth instead of birth.

Pisistrates was a tyrant who ruled Athens from 560-527 BC. He helped the lower classes by exiling nobles, providing jobs, reducing taxes, and organizing festivals.

Pericles was a prominent leader during Athens' Golden Age (460-429 BC). He promoted the arts, government, and the construction of the Acropolis. He established elections for ten generals and paid officials a salary.

Ostracism in ancient Athens was a process by which a citizen could be exiled for ten years through a vote.

The height of Athenian power came after the Persian Wars. The city was a thriving economic center and a hub of art, philosophy, and culture. The Delian League, an alliance of Athens and its allies, was formed.

The Greco-Persian Wars, a conflict between the Persian Empire and the Greeks, were triggered by several factors, including the expansion of the Persian Empire into Greek territory, the rebellion of Ionian Greeks supported by Athens, and the Darius' desire to crush these rebellions.

A traitor guided the Persian army through a secret pass, surprising the Greek forces.

A strategic battle between the Greeks and Persians in which the Greeks decisively defeated the Persians, marking a turning point in the war.

The league formed by Athens to unite Greek city-states and defend against future invasions, providing military protection and allowing other cities to contribute financially.

The war between Athens and Sparta, fueled by rivalry and fear, ultimately weakening the Greek city-states and paving the way for Macedonian dominance.

A devastating plague that struck Athens during the Peloponnesian War, killing a third of the city's population and weakening its defenses.

An ancient Greek historian known for his detailed account of the Greco-Persian Wars, often criticized for including mythical elements in his writing.

A prominent Athenian statesman and orator during the Golden Age of Athens, known for his leadership, cultural contributions, and the development of Athenian democracy.

An ancient Greek historian known for his meticulous account of the Peloponnesian War, focusing on factual accuracy and strategic analysis.

The ancient Greek religion based on the belief in multiple gods and goddesses, with a significant influence on Greek culture, art, and literature.

The king of the gods in Greek mythology, often depicted wielding a lightning bolt.

The goddess of love and beauty in Greek mythology, associated with beauty, desire, and passion.

The goddess of the moon, hunting, and wilderness in Greek mythology, associated with nature, wild animals, and the night.

The god of the sea and earthquakes in Greek mythology, often depicted wielding a trident.

The queen of the gods and wife of Zeus in Greek mythology, associated with marriage, family, and childbirth.