45 Questions
What is the function of the rectus abdominis muscle?
Powerful flexor of the thoracic and lumbar regions of the trunk
What is the linea alba?
A midline raphe formed by the interweaving of aponeuroses
Where is the pyramidalis muscle located?
Lies anterior to the most inferior part of the rectus abdominis
What is the function of the pyramidalis muscle?
Tenses or pulls down the linea alba
What is contained within the rectus sheath?
Both the rectus abdominis and pyramidalis muscles
What is the rectus sheath?
A fibrous compartment
What is the purpose of the rectus abdominis and pyramidalis muscles in respiration?
They assist in expiration
What is the origin of the pyramidalis muscle?
The anterior surface of the pubis and the anterior pubic ligament
What is the percentage of the population that has a pyramidalis muscle?
80%
What is the result of body wall closure failure in the abdominal region?
Gastroschisis
What is the double layer of peritoneum that provides means for neurovascular communications between the organ and the body wall?
Mesentery
What is the layer of mesoderm that rolls ventrally and is intimately connected to the gut tube?
Visceral layer
What is the larger, four-layered peritoneal fold that hangs down like an apron?
Greater omentum
What is the small, double-layered peritoneal fold?
Lesser omentum
What is the result of simultaneous development of gut tube and neural tube?
Clefts in the lateral plate mesoderm
What is the space in between the parietal and visceral layers?
Primitive body cavity
What is the layer that forms lateral body wall folds, one on each side of the embryo?
Parietal layer
What is the stage of embryonic development when the gut tube and neural tube develop simultaneously?
3rd and 4th week
What is the term for a double-layered peritoneum that connects an organ to another or to the abdominal wall?
Peritoneal ligament
What contains the inferior epigastric arteries and can bleed if cut?
Lateral umbilical folds
What is the term for a pouch of peritoneum formed by a peritoneal fold?
Peritoneal recess or fossa
What ligament connects the liver to the diaphragm?
Coronary ligament
What is the fibrous remnant of the umbilical vein?
Round ligament of the liver
What ligament connects the stomach to the liver?
Gastrohepatic ligament
What ligament connects the stomach to the diaphragm?
Gastrophrenic ligament
What is the structure that joins the apex of the fetal bladder to the umbilicus?
Urachus
What ligament connects the stomach to the spleen?
Gastrosplenic ligament
What ligament connects the stomach to the colon?
Gastrocolic ligament
What is the depression located between the median and medial umbilical folds?
Medial fossa inguinal
Which of the following vessels is covered by the lateral umbilical fold?
Inferior epigastric vessel
What is the anatomical structure that demarcates the inferior limit of the anterior abdominal wall?
All of the above
What is the purpose of the retinaculum in the hip joint?
To retain the structure against the skeleton
What is the inguinal ligament and iliopubic tract?
Bilaminar anterior retinaculum of the hip joint
What is the inguinal region?
The region between the ASIS and the pubic tubercle
What is the common name of the lateral fossa inguinal?
Inguinal triangle of Hesselbach
What is the clinical significance of the inguinal region?
Potential site of herniation
What is the shape of the iliacus muscle?
Triangular
What is the primary function of the iliopsoas?
Flexor of the hip
What is the relationship between the psoas major and the iliacus muscle?
They share a common tendon
What is the location of the quadratus lumborum muscle?
In the posterior abdominal wall
What is the shape of the quadratus lumborum muscle?
Quadrilateral
What is the relationship between the quadratus lumborum and the lateral arcuate ligament?
The ligament crosses the muscle
What is the path of the subcostal nerve?
It runs inferolaterally on the quadratus lumborum
What is the direction of the branches of the lumbar plexus on the quadratus lumborum?
Inferior
What is the significance of the lumbar region in terms of the thickness of the deep muscles?
It is thick and strong
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