33 Questions
What is the primary function of plasma cells?
To secrete soluble antibodies
Which of the following is a secondary lymphoid organ?
Lymph nodes
What is the primary function of Natural Killer (NK) cells?
To provide an innate immune response against viruses and some cancers
Where do B cells develop?
In the red bone marrow
What happens to the thymus gland over time?
It begins to shrink at birth and may be completely gone by age 120
What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?
To filter pathogens from the blood
What type of cells make up the lymph nodes?
Lymphocytes
How does lymph fluid move through the lymphatic system?
Lymph moves through one-way valves in the lymphatic vessels
What is the primary function of B cells in the immune system?
To produce plasma cells that bind to specific antigens
Which of the following tissues or organs does NOT have lymphatic vessels?
Liver
What is the relationship between the lymphatic system and the immune system?
The lymphatic system transports and filters pathogens for the immune system
What is the primary function of lymph nodes?
To filter lymph fluid and remove debris and pathogens
What is the role of the spleen in the immune system?
The spleen has extensive vascularization and is known as the 'filter of the blood'.
What is the primary function of tonsils in the immune system?
Tonsils are important in developing immunity to oral pathogens.
What is the purpose of the afferent and efferent lymphatic vessels in relation to lymph nodes?
The afferent vessels bring lymph fluid into the lymph node, and the efferent vessels take it away.
What is the function of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)?
MALT contains lymphoid follicles in the gastrointestinal tract, breast tissue, lungs, and eyes.
What is the primary difference between lymph nodes and lymphoid nodules?
Lymph nodes have a fibrous capsule, while lymphoid nodules do not.
What is the role of dendrites in the immune system?
Bring antigen to regional lymph nodes
Which process refers to a mature T cell recognizing an antigen and dividing rapidly by mitosis?
Clonal expansion
What is the function of Helper T cells in the immune system?
Enhance other immune responses by secreting cytokines
Which type of T cells regulate the activity of B cell differentiation into plasma cells that produce antibodies?
Th2 cells
What happens during the negative selection process in T cell maturation?
Thymocyte undergoes apoptosis if it binds to self-antigens
How do Cytotoxic T cells kill target cells in the immune system?
Bind to class I antigen expression
What is the primary function of Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT)?
To protect against inhaled pathogens
Which of the following is NOT a part of the barrier defenses?
Macrophages
What is the primary function of neutrophils in the innate immune response?
To phagocytize pathogens
Which of the following molecules is involved in the opsonization of pathogens?
Complement proteins
What is the primary function of prostaglandins in the inflammatory response?
To cause vasodilation and increase pain sensitivity
Which type of adaptive immune response is responsible for recognizing and attacking a wide variety of pathogens?
T cell-mediated response
What is the primary function of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules?
To present antigens to T cells
Which type of antigen is typically presented by class II MHC molecules?
Extracellular antigens
What is the primary function of natural killer cells in the innate immune response?
To induce apoptosis in infected cells
What is the primary difference between acute and chronic inflammation?
Acute inflammation is a short-term response, while chronic inflammation is ongoing
Explore the components and functions of the lymphatic and immune systems, including the role of lymph nodes, immune cells, and lymphatic vessels in fighting pathogens and maintaining fluid balance in the body.
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