Anatomy of the Female Reproductive Tract
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Questions and Answers

What is the name of the fluid-filled cavity within a Graafian follicle?

  • Antrum (correct)
  • Theca interna
  • Zona pellucida
  • Corpus luteum

    • Which cell type in the ovary is responsible for producing estrogen?

  • Theca cells
  • Corpus luteum cells
  • Granulosa cells (correct)
  • Oocytes

    • What is the function of the zona pellucida?

  • Barrier surrounding the oocyte (correct)
  • Transport of sperm to the oocyte
  • Attachment of the embryo to the uterine wall
  • Secretion of hormones

    • Which structure is responsible for the transport of sperm, ova, and the embryo in the female reproductive tract?

    <p>Oviduct (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the corpus luteum?

    <p>Production of progesterone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these structures is NOT found in the uterus of a cow?

    <p>Endometrial folds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cervix in the female reproductive tract?

    <p>Passageway for the fetus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does luteolysis refer to?

    <p>Degeneration of the corpus luteum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these accurately describes the fate of most follicles in the ovary?

    <p>They all degenerate through atresia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a function of the vagina in the female reproductive tract?

    <p>Production of hormones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Ovary

    Gonads that produce gametes and hormones.

    Oviducts

    Tubes that transport sperm, ova, and embryos; site of fertilization.

    Uterus

    Organ that provides a nurturing environment for embryo development.

    Cervix

    Part of the female reproductive tract that secretes mucus and acts as a barrier.

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    Follicles

    Structures in the ovary that contain oocytes and support cells.

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    Primordial Follicles

    The smallest and most immature type of follicle.

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    Granulosa cells

    Cells in follicles that produce estrogen and have FSH receptors.

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    Myometrium

    Muscle layer of the uterus responsible for contractions.

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    Vagina

    The copulatory organ and birth canal in females.

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    Vulva

    External part of the female reproductive tract.

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    Study Notes

    Anatomy and Physiology of the Female Reproductive Tract

    • Major structures include ovaries, oviducts, uterus, cervix, vagina, and external genitalia
    • The female reproductive tract is a series of interconnected tubes

    Ovary

    • Gonad with primary functions of producing gametes (ova/oocytes) and hormones
    • Cortex contains oocytes within follicles
      • Oocytes are found inside follicles
      • Corpus hemorrhagicum is a bloody body
      • Corpus luteum (single) or corpora lutea (plural) are yellow bodies
      • Corpus albicans are white bodies
    • Follicles in the cortex
      • Primordial follicles are the most immature and smallest
        • Contain an oocyte and one layer of surrounding cells
      • Primary follicles are slightly more advanced than primordial follicles
        • Contain an oocyte with a single layer of surrounding cells
      • Follicles (2 layers of cells)
        • Contain an oocyte surrounded by two layers of cells
        • A zona pellucida (thin, transparent layer) surrounds the oocyte
      • Antral/graafian follicles
        • Contain an oocyte with multiple cell layers around it

    Oviducts

    • Function
      • Transport sperm, ova, and embryos
      • Site of fertilization (in the ampulla)
      • Provide a suitable environment for ova, sperm, and embryos

    Uterus

    • Functions
      • Provides a suitable environment for the embryo and sperm
      • Plays a role in female cyclicity
      • Makes prostaglandins F2-alpha (PGF2a and PGF2d)
      • Causes luteolysis (CL killing)
      • Transports sperm
      • Provides maternal contribution to the placenta
      • Houses, nurtures, and gestates the developing offspring

    Cervix

    • Functions
      • Makes and secretes mucus
        • Lubricates the vagina during copulation
        • Flushes out foreign material
        • During pregnancy, mucus becomes thick (a cervical plug
      • Passageway for sperm
      • Reservoir for sperm
      • Passageway for the fetus
      • Prevents bacterial infections

    Vagina

    • Functions
      • Copulatory organ
      • Site for urine expulsion
      • Passive birth canal
      • Mucosal epithelial cells change in thickness and function depending on endocrine profiles

    Vulva

    • External part of the female reproductive tract
    • Passageway for fetus and urine
    • Receives penis during copulation
    • Helps prevent the entry of microorganisms into the female tract

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    Related Documents

    Anatomy and Physiology of Female Reproductive Tract PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the anatomy and physiology of the female reproductive tract, including key structures like the ovaries, oviducts, uterus, and vagina. You'll learn about the function of ovaries and the different types of follicles involved in gamete production. Prepare to test your knowledge on this essential aspect of human biology.

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