Anatomy Quiz 1

Study Notes

Groups of Cells

A group of cells working together to perform a specific function is called a tissue.

Body Positions

Supine describes the body lying face up.
The anatomical position is a standard reference point for describing the body. It is the standing position with the body erect, facing forward, arms at the sides, palms forward, and feet together.

Body Sections

A sagittal section divides the right ear from the left ear.

Body Cavities

The two major body cavities are the dorsal and ventral cavities.
The central region of the thoracic cavity is the mediastinum.

Cell Growth & Differentiation

Anaplasia refers to the failure of cells to mature normally and differentiate as they should.

Body Regions

The leg is the area from the hip to the ankle).

Anatomical Relationships

Proximal means closer to the point of attachment or origin.
Distal means farther from the point of attachment or origin.
In this case, the elbow is proximal to the wrist.

Body Divisions

The diaphragm divides the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavities.

Tissue Types

The four basic types of tissue are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues.
Connective tissue includes blood, bone, and fat, but not nerves.
Epithelial tissue covers the body and lines many parts of the body.
Muscle tissue can be classified by the shape of its cells.
Connective tissue contains a large amount of the intercellular substance called matrix between its cells.
Hyperplasia is an increase in the number of cells.
Hypertrophy is an increase in the size of cells.
Both hyperplasia and hypertrophy can cause an increase in the size of a tissue or organ.

Epithelial Tissue Functions

Epithelial tissue functions include secretion, absorption, and excretion.
It does not function in movement.

Muscle Tissue

There are three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac tissues.
The heart is mainly composed of cardiac muscle.

Body Parts

The term crural refers to the leg.

Body Coverings

Pleural is the term that refers to the covering of the lungs, not the abdominal cavity.

Body Sides

The ventral side of the body is the anterior or belly side.
The dorsal side of the body is the posterior or back side.
The term cephalid means "towards the head".
The term caudal means "inferior" or "toward the tail."

Cavity Coverings

Parietal refers to the walls of a cavity.
Visceral refers to the organ covering.
The peritoneum is the serous membrane that lines the entire peritoneal cavity.

Connective Tissue Cells

Mast cells function in producing heparin and histamine.

Homeostasis

Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment.
The body's maintenance of homeostasis includes regulating blood sugar levels, heart rate, and body temperature.

Transplants

A xenograft is a transplant from another species.

Description

Test your knowledge on basic anatomy concepts including tissue types, body positions, sections, organs, and anatomical relationships. This quiz covers essential terminology and definitions that are fundamental to understanding human anatomy and physiology.

Anatomy Quiz 1

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Questions and Answers

What type of tissue primarily makes up the heart?

The term 'crural' refers to which part of the body?

Which term describes the anterior or belly side of the body?

What is the serous membrane that lines the entire peritoneal cavity called?

A xenograft is a graft that comes from which source?

What is the term for a group of cells that act together to perform a function?

Which position describes the body lying face up?

What body section divides the right ear from the left ear?

Which two major body cavities are classified as dorsal and ventral?

What term refers to the central region of the thoracic cavity?

Which type of tissue serves to cover the body and line many parts of the body?

Which term best describes an increase in the number of cells?

Which option is NOT considered a function of epithelial tissue?