Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary reason why newborns experience more watery and looser stools compared to older children?
What is the primary reason why newborns experience more watery and looser stools compared to older children?
At what age does voluntary control of swallowing typically begin in infants?
At what age does voluntary control of swallowing typically begin in infants?
What is a significant difference in gastrointestinal elimination between pediatric and adult patients?
What is a significant difference in gastrointestinal elimination between pediatric and adult patients?
Which of the following factors is essential for calculating expected urine output in pediatric patients?
Which of the following factors is essential for calculating expected urine output in pediatric patients?
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What is a significant risk factor for jaundice in newborns?
What is a significant risk factor for jaundice in newborns?
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When does the ability to sense a full rectum and attempt to control it typically start in children?
When does the ability to sense a full rectum and attempt to control it typically start in children?
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Which condition involves gastrointestinal structural changes in pediatric patients?
Which condition involves gastrointestinal structural changes in pediatric patients?
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Which age group experiences rapid fluid volume deficit due to changes in water distribution?
Which age group experiences rapid fluid volume deficit due to changes in water distribution?
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What role does inflammation play in the gastrointestinal systems of pediatric patients?
What role does inflammation play in the gastrointestinal systems of pediatric patients?
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Which of the following is a key nutritional need for pediatric patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease?
Which of the following is a key nutritional need for pediatric patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease?
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What is the normal range for sodium levels in the extracellular fluid (ECF)?
What is the normal range for sodium levels in the extracellular fluid (ECF)?
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What happens to cells as sodium levels increase in the extracellular fluid?
What happens to cells as sodium levels increase in the extracellular fluid?
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What is essential to measure in diaper-dependent infants?
What is essential to measure in diaper-dependent infants?
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What is the function of sodium in maintaining the extracellular fluid?
What is the function of sodium in maintaining the extracellular fluid?
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Which condition can greatly affect elimination in pediatric patients due to infectious processes?
Which condition can greatly affect elimination in pediatric patients due to infectious processes?
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What is a treatment consideration for patients with intussusception in pediatrics?
What is a treatment consideration for patients with intussusception in pediatrics?
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What is a potential effect of immaturity in the pediatric urinary system?
What is a potential effect of immaturity in the pediatric urinary system?
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Which condition is characterized by swelling, hemolytic anemia, and acute renal failure in pediatric patients?
Which condition is characterized by swelling, hemolytic anemia, and acute renal failure in pediatric patients?
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What developmental consideration should nurses keep in mind regarding children's awareness of genitals?
What developmental consideration should nurses keep in mind regarding children's awareness of genitals?
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How does dehydration impact potassium and sodium balance in pediatric patients?
How does dehydration impact potassium and sodium balance in pediatric patients?
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Which diagnostic test is most appropriate for assessing urinary elimination problems?
Which diagnostic test is most appropriate for assessing urinary elimination problems?
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What hindered capability do immature kidneys have in infants and young children?
What hindered capability do immature kidneys have in infants and young children?
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What occurs physiologically when a child is unable to concentrate their urine until around age 2?
What occurs physiologically when a child is unable to concentrate their urine until around age 2?
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What nursing intervention is essential for managing pediatric patients with urinary tract infections?
What nursing intervention is essential for managing pediatric patients with urinary tract infections?
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Study Notes
Anatomy and Physiology
- Genitourinary system (GU) ureters are shorter
- Gastrointestinal system (GI) surface area increases with age
- All nephrons are present at birth
- Kidney efficiency increases with age
- Immature glomeruli, tubules, and nephrons lead to quicker dehydration
- Kidneys can’t adequately conserve water and solutes effectively
- Unable to concentrate their urine until about age 2
- Specific gravity may not change on urinalysis (UA)
- Children become aware of and are interested in genitals between 3-6 years of age.
Pediatric GU Considerations
- Increased risk of germs in genital area
- Normal
Pediatric GI Considerations
- Sucking is a primitive reflex
- Voluntary control of swallowing is not until 6 weeks of age
- Infants have small stomach capacity & fast peristalsis = small frequent meals needed
- Intestines grow and are closer to adult function by 2 years of age
- Immature liver function = ↑ risk of jaundice in kids
- Being able to sense a full rectum and attempt to control it starts around age 18 months
Elimination Measurement
- Infants are more prone to dehydration due to their higher ECF percentage
- ECF is lost first in children
- Cardiovascular problems are seen in dehydration of infants more quickly
Sodium
- Sodium is the major ECF electrolyte
- Na+ maintains osmolarity and balance of ECF
- Hyponatremia- < 135mEq/L
- As sodium increases, fluid moves from ICF to ECF causing cells to shrink.
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Description
Explore the unique aspects of the genitourinary and gastrointestinal systems in pediatrics. This quiz covers developmental milestones, efficiency changes, and considerations for children up to two years of age. Test your knowledge on how these systems function and the implications for infant health.
