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Questions and Answers
Which of these is the name of the membrane lining the medullary cavity of a bone?
Which of these is the name of the membrane lining the medullary cavity of a bone?
Which of the following groups of muscles are known as the hamstrings?
Which of the following groups of muscles are known as the hamstrings?
At which anatomical location do the scapula and humerus articulate?
At which anatomical location do the scapula and humerus articulate?
Which of the following is a characteristic of the maxilla?
Which of the following is a characteristic of the maxilla?
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What is the name of the articulation between the femur and tibia?
What is the name of the articulation between the femur and tibia?
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Which statement is least consistent with the characteristics of the occipital bone?
Which statement is least consistent with the characteristics of the occipital bone?
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Which of these is a location found within a bone?
Which of these is a location found within a bone?
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Which of the following is NOT a bone found in the leg?
Which of the following is NOT a bone found in the leg?
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During muscle contraction, which of the following does NOT directly interact with actin?
During muscle contraction, which of the following does NOT directly interact with actin?
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What action do the flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris muscles primarily perform?
What action do the flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris muscles primarily perform?
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Osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes are all cell types associated with which of the following?
Osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes are all cell types associated with which of the following?
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What is a key characteristic shared by the tibiofemoral, hip, glenohumeral, and humeroulnar joints?
What is a key characteristic shared by the tibiofemoral, hip, glenohumeral, and humeroulnar joints?
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Which of the following structures is NOT a feature of the occipital bone?
Which of the following structures is NOT a feature of the occipital bone?
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What are the 'soft spots' in a baby's skull more commonly known as?
What are the 'soft spots' in a baby's skull more commonly known as?
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Which muscle is primarily responsible for the rounded appearance of the shoulder?
Which muscle is primarily responsible for the rounded appearance of the shoulder?
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The collective action of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius muscles results in what movement?
The collective action of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius muscles results in what movement?
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What is the immediate trigger for the release of acetylcholine from a neuron's membrane?
What is the immediate trigger for the release of acetylcholine from a neuron's membrane?
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The olecranon process is a prominent part of which joint?
The olecranon process is a prominent part of which joint?
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What is the primary physiological effect of curare-induced muscle blockade at the neuromuscular junction?
What is the primary physiological effect of curare-induced muscle blockade at the neuromuscular junction?
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Which of the following is a direct function of the rectus femoris?
Which of the following is a direct function of the rectus femoris?
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If acetylcholinesterase were to be severely inhibited, what effect would this have on muscle function?
If acetylcholinesterase were to be severely inhibited, what effect would this have on muscle function?
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What is the primary function of the diaphysis?
What is the primary function of the diaphysis?
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Which of the following statements accurately describes the carpals?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the carpals?
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Which muscle is primarily responsible for actions like pointing an arm directly forward, with its origins on the clavicle, upper ribs, and sternum?
Which muscle is primarily responsible for actions like pointing an arm directly forward, with its origins on the clavicle, upper ribs, and sternum?
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Which of these groupings contains an incorrect element?
Which of these groupings contains an incorrect element?
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Which muscle compresses the cheek to position food for chewing?
Which muscle compresses the cheek to position food for chewing?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of the occipital bone?
Which of the following is a characteristic of the occipital bone?
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Regarding the mandible, which statement is the least accurate?
Regarding the mandible, which statement is the least accurate?
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Which of these is not a type of vertebrae found in the spinal column?
Which of these is not a type of vertebrae found in the spinal column?
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Which of the following is not directly involved in the knee joint?
Which of the following is not directly involved in the knee joint?
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What is a primary function of the articular cartilage?
What is a primary function of the articular cartilage?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the mandible?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the mandible?
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The olecranon process is a bony projection most closely associated with which joint?
The olecranon process is a bony projection most closely associated with which joint?
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How does muscle relaxation occur?
How does muscle relaxation occur?
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Which of the following muscles are primarily responsible for moving the rib cage during breathing?
Which of the following muscles are primarily responsible for moving the rib cage during breathing?
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The rectus, transversus, internal oblique, and external oblique muscles are all examples of which type of muscles?
The rectus, transversus, internal oblique, and external oblique muscles are all examples of which type of muscles?
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What anatomical structures are the hallux and pollex associated with?
What anatomical structures are the hallux and pollex associated with?
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Which of the following is the primary function of the intercostal muscles?
Which of the following is the primary function of the intercostal muscles?
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The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is formed by the articulation of the mandible with which specific bone?
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is formed by the articulation of the mandible with which specific bone?
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Which of these structures is most involved in the actual contraction process of a muscle cell?
Which of these structures is most involved in the actual contraction process of a muscle cell?
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What primary process occurs when calcium ions are pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum?
What primary process occurs when calcium ions are pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum?
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Study Notes
Anatomy and Physiology I - Assignment 1
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Periosteum: Outer connective tissue layer surrounding the diaphysis of a long bone, containing blood vessels supplying the bone.
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Hamstrings: Group of muscles (biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus) located on the posterior thigh.
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Shoulder Joint: Formed by the scapula and humerus.
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Maxilla: Facial bone containing the upper teeth.
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Tibiofemoral Joint: Formed by the meeting of the femur and tibia.
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Occipital Bone: Cranial bone containing the foramen magnum and condyles that articulate with C1 (first cervical vertebra).
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Fontanels: "Soft spots" in a baby's skull.
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Deltoid Muscle: Covers the shoulder like a shoulder pad.
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Quadriceps Femoris: Muscle group (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius) responsible for extending the leg at the knee.
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Acetylcholine: Neurotransmitter released from neurons in response to a nerve impulse, crucial for muscle contraction.
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Elbow Joint: Associated with the olecranon process.
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Curare: Causes muscle paralysis by blocking neuromuscular receptors.
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Diaphysis: Shaft of a long bone.
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Carpals: Wrist bones, categorized as short bones.
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Pectoralis Major: Large anterior chest muscle; inserts on the anterior humerus.
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Abnormal Spinal Curvatures: Scoliosis, kyphosis, lordosis.
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Buccinator Muscle: Muscle that flattens the cheek and moves food.
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Mandible: Lower jaw bone; crucial for mastication (chewing)
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Types of Muscle Relaxation: Sarcomere depletion of ATP, calcium reabsorption into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
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Intercostal Muscles: Muscles between ribs, aiding in breathing.
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Abdominal Muscles: Rectus abdominis, transverse abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique
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Hallux and Pollex: The great toe (hallux) and thumb (pollex).
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Ulna: Bone part of the forearm, but not in the lower limb.
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Thin Filament Components: Myosin binding site, troponin, tropomyosin
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Flexor Carpi Radialis and Flexor Carpi Ulnaris: Muscles flexing the wrist.
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Osteoblast, Osteoclast, Osseous Tissue: Terms related to bone formation, absorption, and tissue itself, respectively.
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Freely Movable Joints: Tibiofemoral, hip, glenohumeral, humeroulnar.
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Calcium Storage: Sarcoplasmic reticulum in relaxed skeletal muscle.
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Trapezius Muscle: Involved in posture and movement of the scapula.
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Sternocleidomastoid: Muscle of anterior neck
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Humerus Length Measurement: From the acromion to the olecranon process
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Fascicles: Bundles of muscle fibers bound by connective tissue.
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Calcaneus: Heel bone.
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Extending the Thigh at the Hip: The hamstring group are responsible.
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Greater and Lesser Trochanters: Parts of the femur.
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Palatine Process: Part of the maxilla, forming the anterior hard palate.
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Long Bones/Bone Markings: Radius, femur, greater trochanter. (Suture's part of a joint not a bone).
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Biceps Brachii: Muscle, on the anterior humerus, flexing the forearm.
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Muscle Groups in the Upper Extremities: Triceps brachii, biceps brachii , pronators.
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Cartilage Replacement by Bone: Ossification.
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Gastrocnemius and Soleus (Muscles): "Toe dancer's" muscles.
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Glenohumeral Joint: Where the scapula and humerus meet.
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Myoglobin's Role: Oxygen storage in muscle tissue leading to the "red" color.
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Tendons Attachment: Periosteum.
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Orbicularis Oris: Muscle controlling the movement of the mouth
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Recruitment: Increases muscle force by activating more motor units.
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Tendons: Attach muscle to bone.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts from Anatomy and Physiology I, including definitions and functions of various anatomical structures such as bones, muscles, and joints. Test your knowledge on terminology like the periosteum, hamstrings, and the shoulder joint to enhance your understanding of human anatomy.
