Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which molecule is the largest and hardest to move through the cell?
Which molecule is the largest and hardest to move through the cell?
- ATP (correct)
- Glucose
- Cr
- PCr
What happens to PCr levels during exercise?
What happens to PCr levels during exercise?
- PCr levels increase
- PCr levels fluctuate
- PCr levels decrease (correct)
- PCr levels remain the same
Which pathway starts with glucose and ends up with 2 pyruvates?
Which pathway starts with glucose and ends up with 2 pyruvates?
- Gluconeogenesis
- Oxidative phosphorylation
- Krebs cycle
- Glycolysis (correct)
What is the net ATP production in glycolysis?
What is the net ATP production in glycolysis?
Which enzyme converts pyruvate into lactate?
Which enzyme converts pyruvate into lactate?
Which fiber type produces more lactate?
Which fiber type produces more lactate?
What is the main pathway for lactate removal?
What is the main pathway for lactate removal?
What is the approximate concentration of lactate in the blood?
What is the approximate concentration of lactate in the blood?
Which enzyme is responsible for the bidirectional conversion between lactate and pyruvate?
Which enzyme is responsible for the bidirectional conversion between lactate and pyruvate?
What is the main reason for lactate production during high intensity exercise?
What is the main reason for lactate production during high intensity exercise?
Which system is affected by short high-intensity workouts?
Which system is affected by short high-intensity workouts?
Which system is affected by long duration with lower intensity exercises?
Which system is affected by long duration with lower intensity exercises?
What is the main source of PCr (Phosphocreatine) in the body?
What is the main source of PCr (Phosphocreatine) in the body?
What is the role of Creatine Kinase?
What is the role of Creatine Kinase?
Where is the Cytosolic isoform of Creatine Kinase located?
Where is the Cytosolic isoform of Creatine Kinase located?
What is the main function of the Creatine-phosphate shuttle?
What is the main function of the Creatine-phosphate shuttle?
What is the direction of the reversible reaction catalyzed by Creatine Kinase?
What is the direction of the reversible reaction catalyzed by Creatine Kinase?
Which isoform of Creatine Kinase prefers to break down PCr?
Which isoform of Creatine Kinase prefers to break down PCr?
Which isoform of Creatine Kinase prefers to make PCr?
Which isoform of Creatine Kinase prefers to make PCr?
What powers the cell and creates ATP in the mitochondria?
What powers the cell and creates ATP in the mitochondria?
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Study Notes
Cellular Processes
- The largest molecule to move through the cell is PCr (Phosphocreatine)
Exercise and Energy Production
- PCr levels decrease during exercise
- Glycolysis pathway starts with glucose and ends with 2 pyruvates
- Net ATP production in glycolysis is 2 ATP
- Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) converts pyruvate into lactate
Lactate Production and Removal
- Fast twitch (FT) fiber type produces more lactate
- The main pathway for lactate removal is the liver
- Approximate concentration of lactate in the blood is 1-2 mmol/L
- Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is responsible for bidirectional conversion between lactate and pyruvate
- Main reason for lactate production during high-intensity exercise is rapid energy demand
Energy Systems and Exercise
- Short high-intensity workouts affect the ATP-PC system
- Long duration with lower intensity exercises affect the Oxidative system
Phosphocreatine and Creatine Kinase
- Main source of PCr in the body is skeletal muscles
- Creatine Kinase's role is to catalyze the reversible reaction between PCr and ATP
- Cytosolic isoform of Creatine Kinase is located in the cytosol
- Main function of the Creatine-phosphate shuttle is to transport energy from mitochondria to myofibrils
- Direction of the reversible reaction catalyzed by Creatine Kinase is PCr + ADP ⇌ Cr + ATP
- Mitochondrial isoform of Creatine Kinase prefers to break down PCr
- Cytosolic isoform of Creatine Kinase prefers to make PCr
- The electron transport chain powers the cell and creates ATP in the mitochondria
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