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Questions and Answers
What is the mechanism of action of aminoglycosides?
Which family of bacteria are aminoglycosides commonly used for infections?
What adverse effect should a nurse monitor for when a patient is on aminoglycosides?
Why should patients on aminoglycosides be advised to take the full course of medication?
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When should peak levels of aminoglycosides be monitored in a patient receiving the medication?
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Study Notes
Aminoglycoside Action and Mechanism
- Prevent protein synthesis in bacteria, ultimately leading to cell death (bacteriocidal)
- Effective against gram-negative infections, including Pseudomonas and Enterobacteriaceae family, as well as bacterial endocarditis
Medications and Examples
- Amikacin, Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Kanamycin, Neomycin, Streptomycin, and Tobramycin are examples of aminoglycoside medications
Adverse Effects
- Nephrotoxicity: monitor renal function, watch for decreased urine output, fluid retention, and changes in creatinine clearance
- Ototoxicity: perform baseline audiogram and monitor for tinnitus, hearing loss, vertigo, and feelings of fullness in the ear
- Super-infections: risk of C. difficile (C-diff), pseudomembranous colitis (diarrhea), and fungal infections (candidiasis)
Nursing Considerations
- Close drug monitoring is essential, with peak levels (highest levels of medication) occurring 15-30 minutes after IV administration, 30 minutes to 1 hour after IM administration, and 1 hour after oral administration
- Trough levels ( lowest levels of medication) occur 30 minutes before next administration
- Emphasize the importance of patients completing the full course of medication
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Description
Test your knowledge on the mechanism of action of aminoglycoside antibiotics and their associated adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Learn about the medications and bacterial infections commonly treated with aminoglycosides.
