Aminoglycosides Antibiotics

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is the mode of action of aminoglycosides?

Disruption of cell wall synthesis

Prevention of RNA transcription

Interference with bacterial protein synthesis (correct)

Inhibition of DNA synthesis

Which of the following is NOT a member of the aminoglycoside group of antibiotics?

Penicillin (correct)

Apramycin

Tobramycin

Streptomycin

How do aminoglycosides cause cell death in bacteria?

By interfering with ribosomal subunits (correct)

By damaging the bacterial DNA

By preventing RNA synthesis

By inhibiting cell wall formation

What effect do aminoglycosides have on cell membrane permeability?

They disrupt the membrane due to abnormal protein channels Signup and view all the answers

Why are aminoglycosides considered bactericidal?

They have an intracellular bactericidal effect Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of beta-lactam antibiotics like cephalosporins?

Obtained from molds of cephalosporium Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of action of beta-lactam antibiotics like cephalosporins?

Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the antibacterial activity of beta-lactam antibiotics like cephalosporins?

Bactericidal on growing cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the spectrum of activity for beta-lactam antibiotics like cephalosporins?

Narrow, mainly active against Gram-positive bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is a key property of beta-lactam antibiotics like cephalosporins?

Short half-lives (except cefotetan & ceftriaxone) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of using cephalosporins?

Useful in infections of soft tissue and bone due to bacteria resistant to other antimicrobials Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most toxic aminoglycoside antibiotic?

Neomycin Signup and view all the answers

Which aminoglycoside antibiotic is the least toxic but more expensive?

Amikacin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common side effect of prolonged administration of aminoglycoside antibiotics?

Neuromuscular blockage Signup and view all the answers

Which aminoglycoside antibiotic is particularly effective against Pseudomonas infections?

Tobramycin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common use of aminoglycoside antibiotics in poultry?

Prevention of early bacterial infections in chicks Signup and view all the answers

Which combination of aminoglycoside and other antibiotic class is commonly used for the treatment of G-positive mastitis in large animals?

Aminoglycoside + Cephalosporin Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible side effect of cephalosporins when given orally?

Nephrotoxicity Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic resistance mechanism involves the production of beta-lactamase?

Most importantly Signup and view all the answers

How do aminoglycosides cause disruption of cell membrane permeability in bacteria?

Formation of abnormal protein channels Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bacteria does methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) show resistance against?

All beta-lactams except 5th generation Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mode of action of aminoglycosides on bacterial protein synthesis?

Interference with mRNA reading Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic enhances the penetration of aminoglycosides by disrupting the cell wall?

Cephalexin Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of combining Streptomycin with other aminoglycosides?

To prevent the development of resistance Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mechanism of aminoglycoside resistance?

Modification of the aminoglycoside structure to prevent ribosomal binding Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of action of macrolide antibiotics?

Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the antibacterial activity of macrolides?

Highly active against most aerobic Gram-negative bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the use of enteric-coated tablets for macrolide antibiotics?

To protect the antibiotic from gastric destruction Signup and view all the answers

What is the main route of excretion for macrolides like Tylosin?

Unchanged in urine & bile Signup and view all the answers

Apart from their antibacterial activity, what additional properties do macrolides have?

Anti-inflammatory properties Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a therapeutic use of macrolides in large animals?

Treatment of mastitis and pneumonia Signup and view all the answers