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What was one of the key components of Henry Clay's American System?
What was one of the key components of Henry Clay's American System?
Which infrastructure project was highlighted in the American System?
Which infrastructure project was highlighted in the American System?
What economic policy did the American System advocate for in order to support eastern manufacturing?
What economic policy did the American System advocate for in order to support eastern manufacturing?
What was a significant political outcome of the American System in the 1820s?
What was a significant political outcome of the American System in the 1820s?
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Which road is associated with the initiatives of the American System?
Which road is associated with the initiatives of the American System?
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What was a consequence of Monroe's veto regarding the American System?
What was a consequence of Monroe's veto regarding the American System?
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During the early 19th century, what was a primary focus regarding economic development?
During the early 19th century, what was a primary focus regarding economic development?
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How did the American System aim to fulfill national unity?
How did the American System aim to fulfill national unity?
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What was a significant result of the transportation revolution in the early 19th century?
What was a significant result of the transportation revolution in the early 19th century?
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Which event is associated with the Texan struggle for independence?
Which event is associated with the Texan struggle for independence?
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What was a major factor contributing to the growth of nativism in the United States during the 1840s?
What was a major factor contributing to the growth of nativism in the United States during the 1840s?
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Which invention is Eli Whitney commonly associated with?
Which invention is Eli Whitney commonly associated with?
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What was the primary movement that emphasized informal settings like camp meetings and focused on the emotional experience of God's presence?
What was the primary movement that emphasized informal settings like camp meetings and focused on the emotional experience of God's presence?
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What did the 'cult of domesticity' promote in American society during the 19th century?
What did the 'cult of domesticity' promote in American society during the 19th century?
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What was a consequence of the Irish potato famine during the 1840s?
What was a consequence of the Irish potato famine during the 1840s?
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Which author is associated with the concept of self-reliance and urged American writers to focus on their own culture?
Which author is associated with the concept of self-reliance and urged American writers to focus on their own culture?
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Which women's rights event was organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott in 1848?
Which women's rights event was organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott in 1848?
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Which educational reformer is credited with the development of tax-supported public education between 1825 and 1850?
Which educational reformer is credited with the development of tax-supported public education between 1825 and 1850?
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What ultimately happened to utopian communities created during the 19th century?
What ultimately happened to utopian communities created during the 19th century?
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Which literary movement emerged in America as a reaction to romanticism and emphasized knowledge beyond the senses?
Which literary movement emerged in America as a reaction to romanticism and emphasized knowledge beyond the senses?
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What was the significant role women played during the Second Great Awakening?
What was the significant role women played during the Second Great Awakening?
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What was a significant outcome of the Tariff of Abominations during Adams' presidency?
What was a significant outcome of the Tariff of Abominations during Adams' presidency?
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How did Andrew Jackson's spoils system affect political appointments?
How did Andrew Jackson's spoils system affect political appointments?
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What was the main argument Jackson presented against the national bank?
What was the main argument Jackson presented against the national bank?
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What event is most closely associated with the Indian Removal Act of 1830?
What event is most closely associated with the Indian Removal Act of 1830?
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Which group was primarily characterized by support for internal improvements and a national bank during the election of 1840?
Which group was primarily characterized by support for internal improvements and a national bank during the election of 1840?
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Which of the following best describes the ideology of the Whigs in comparison to the Democrats?
Which of the following best describes the ideology of the Whigs in comparison to the Democrats?
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What was the prevailing view among the Democrats regarding the role of the federal government?
What was the prevailing view among the Democrats regarding the role of the federal government?
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What was one consequence of the Bank War initiated by Jackson?
What was one consequence of the Bank War initiated by Jackson?
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Study Notes
The American System
- Henry Clay's three-pronged system (1820s) aimed to boost American industry
- 1. Strong Banking System: Provided easy and abundant credit
- 2. Protective Tariffs: Promoted American manufacturing and generated revenue for internal improvements
- 3. System of Roads and Canals: Improved transportation, especially in the Ohio Valley, facilitating trade of foodstuffs, raw materials, and manufactured goods
- Significance: United the country economically and politically. Created the Erie Canal and Cumberland Road, but faced Monroe's vetoes of federal funding for infrastructure projects
The Monkey System Cartoon
- Critical commentary on the American System
- Depicted as self-serving and exploitative
The Presidents: Washington Through Madison
- A historical overview of US presidents (not detailed)
Jacksonian Democracy Moving West
- A broad overview of the development of a market economy in America
The End of Era of Good Feelings
- The 1824 presidential election was controversial
- Adams became president due to a "Corrupt Bargain"
- 1828: The Tariff of Abominations – A high tariff implemented in the U.S. raising prices for manufactured goods impacting Southern states.
- John C. Calhoun argued for states' right to nullification
Andrew Jackson
- Spoils System: Political appointments based on loyalty rather than merit.
- Bank War: Jackson opposed the rechartering of the Second Bank of the U.S. claiming it was harmful and unconstitutional.
- Withdrew Federal deposits from the Bank of the U.S.
- Economic Depression (1837) – Triggered by the actions taken within the "Bank War"
Indian Removal
- Jackson's 1830 Indian Removal Act
- Movement of eastern tribes west of the Mississippi to create a protected territory
- Trail of Tears (1838-1839): Cherokee relocation – A forced removal that included significant loss of life
Political Changes (Election of 1840)
- Whig Party used slogans of "Tippecanoe and Tyler Too" to promote William Henry Harrison as a new president suitable to people
- "New Democracy" – Based on universal white male suffrage
Transportation West
- The Transportation Revolution spurred the development of a continental economy
- Steamboats, roads, and canals connected the country
- Railroads boomed in the 1830s & 1840s creating transportation network
- Six states were admitted to the union during 1815-1821
Moving West: Mexico
- The Mexican government encouraged American settlers to migrate to Texas
- Conflicts over governance and slavery arose
- 1836: The Texas Revolution led to the establishment of the independent Republic of Texas
Forging the National Economy
- A general heading relating to US economic growth during this period
Immigration
- Large influx of Germans & Irish (1840s), partly due to the Irish Potato famine
- Immigrants filled factory jobs, clustered in cities (like Boston & New York)
- Rise of political machines (e.g., Tammany Hall) to assist newcomers
- Nativism and the Know-Nothing Party expressed fears regarding foreign influence
Mechanization
- Eli Whitney's cotton gin and interchangeable parts
- Samuel Slater's factory system
- Linking of northern factories and southern cotton plantations
- Samuel Morse's telegraph
- Factories' improved working conditions in the 1820s and 1830s
- Market Revolution – Increased purchasing of consumer goods
Women in the 19th Century
- The "Cult of Domesticity" confined women to household roles
- Increased activity outside of the traditional domestic domain (women's rights, temperance)
- Seneca Falls Convention (1848) addressed women's rights
- Lowell factories employed young women in textile production
Reforms
- Utopian communities aimed at communal living, but failed
- Robert Owen: established a utopian society in Indiana
- Second Great Awakening: Religious revival emphasizing evangelism
- Various religious movements and reforms such as Mormonism
- Horace Mann – Public education reform
American Literature
- Before 1812, American literature relied on British models
- The War of 1812 spurred a wave of nationalism
- Introduction of romanticism and Transcendentalism (1830s):
- Key figures and themes in Transcendentalist thought (self-reliance, and self-discipline)
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Description
Explore the key components of Henry Clay's American System, its impact on American industry, and the critical perspective depicted in the Monkey System cartoon. The quiz covers aspects of economic and political unity under the system and the historical context of U.S. presidents from Washington to Madison.
