American Government Principles and Documents
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following reasons can lead to lower voter turnout?

  • Strong engagement in political issues
  • Adequate time for voting
  • Excessive interest in candidates
  • Belief that vote does not count (correct)

What is a requirement for voter registration in the United States?

  • Prior voting experience
  • Being a permanent resident
  • Meeting age and residency requirements (correct)
  • Possessing a college degree

What is the purpose of the Electoral College?

  • To select the president and vice president (correct)
  • To facilitate direct democracy
  • To represent public opinion in Congress
  • To provide a forum for political debate

Which amendment granted women the right to vote?

<p>19th Amendment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the number of electors for each state determined?

<p>Based on congressional representation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle affirms that government is not all-powerful and may only do what the people permit?

<p>Limited government (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a consequence of the Articles of Confederation?

<p>Led to the writing of the Constitution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom promotes which of the following concepts?

<p>Freedom of religious beliefs and opinions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept requires that everyone, including government officials, must follow the law?

<p>Rule of Law (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a representative government, which statement is true?

<p>The public elects officials to make laws on their behalf. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What system do most states use to award their electors?

<p>Winner-take-all (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many electoral votes are needed to win the presidency?

<p>270 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the president in the executive branch?

<p>To execute laws (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of government includes the Supreme Court?

<p>Judicial branch (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of swing states in elections?

<p>They can influence the outcome of tight elections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who prepares the annual budget for congressional action?

<p>The President (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What outcome does the winner-take-all system lead to in presidential campaigns?

<p>Candidates ignore small states (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following roles is NOT a responsibility of the president?

<p>Interpreting laws (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the U.S. Supreme Court?

<p>To review state laws for constitutionality (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of jurisdiction allows a court to hear a case first?

<p>Original jurisdiction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a U.S. District Court typically preside over?

<p>Cases with or without a jury involving federal law (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a felony and a misdemeanor?

<p>Felonies are serious crimes, and misdemeanors are less serious offenses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the authority to review a decision of a lower court?

<p>Appellate jurisdiction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the court system in Virginia is accurate?

<p>Virginia courts derive their organization and jurisdiction from state laws. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during an arraignment in a criminal case?

<p>A plea is entered, and probable cause is reviewed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What allows federal courts to have jurisdiction over federal laws?

<p>The Constitution of the United States (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the government have in a mixed economy?

<p>The government is an owner and decision maker for the public sector. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a command economy, who typically owns the property and resources?

<p>The government (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a feature of a market economy?

<p>Supply and demand dictate prices. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do price changes influence buyer behavior in a market economy?

<p>Buyers adjust the quantity they are willing to purchase. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a mixed economy compared to a command economy?

<p>Higher levels of consumer choice and competition. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a mayor in an independent city or incorporated town?

<p>To enact ordinances and adopt an annual budget (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main interaction between buyers and sellers in determining prices?

<p>Buyer and seller responses to price changes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which economic system provides the least consumer choice?

<p>Command economy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which body is responsible for overseeing the operations of K–12 public schools in a city?

<p>The appointed school board (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle was established by the case of Marbury v. Madison?

<p>The principle of judicial review (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do individuals and businesses interact in a mixed economy?

<p>Individuals and businesses are owners and decision-makers for the private sector. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the dual court system in the United States?

<p>It consists of state courts and federal courts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who can have the greatest influence on the decisions made by local government officials?

<p>Individuals communicating their opinions and preferences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key checks on the legislative and executive branches of government?

<p>The exercise of judicial review (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the judicial branch?

<p>To interpret laws (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of jurisdiction held by courts in the United States?

<p>Original and appellate jurisdiction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Flashcards

Limited Government

Government power is restricted by the people it governs.

Rule of Law

Everyone, including government, must follow the law.

Democracy

People hold the power in a government.

Representative Government

People elect officials to make laws.

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Articles of Confederation

First US government structure; weak central power.

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Voter Registration Requirements

The rules and processes needed to officially be registered to vote.

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Electoral College

A group of people who formally elect the president and vice president of the US.

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15th Amendment

A US constitutional amendment that expanded voting rights to African American men.

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Electoral College Process

The method by which the US president and vice-president are officially chosen.

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Voting Rights Act of 1965

A law that protects and expands voting rights for many American citizens.

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Elector Slate

Each party designates a group of electors.

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Winner-Take-All System

In most states, the candidate who wins the popular vote receives all the electoral votes.

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Electoral Votes Needed to Win

A presidential candidate needs 270 electoral votes to win the election.

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Executive Branch

Part of the government that enforces the laws.

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President's Role

Head of the executive branch, responsible for enforcing laws.

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Judicial Branch

Part of the government that interprets the laws.

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Judicial Review

The Supreme Court's right to determine if actions are constitutional.

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Local Government

The level of government that serves a city or town, responsible for things like roads, water, and local services.

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Elected Council

A group of people chosen by the voters to make laws for a city or town.

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Mayor

The leader of a city or town, usually elected by the voters.

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City Manager

An expert hired to run the day-to-day operations of a city government.

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School Board

Elected or appointed officials who oversee the public schools in a city.

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Original Jurisdiction

The power of a court to hear a case for the first time.

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Appellate Jurisdiction

The power of a court to review a decision made by a lower court.

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What is the main source of law in the US?

The Constitution of the United States is the highest law of the land.

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What does 'jurisdiction' mean?

Jurisdiction refers to the authority of a court to hear and decide a case.

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What's the difference between original and appellate jurisdiction?

Original jurisdiction means a court can hear a case first. Appellate jurisdiction means a court can review a decision made by a lower court.

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What kind of cases do federal courts handle?

Federal courts have jurisdiction over cases involving federal laws.

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What two types of cases do courts resolve?

Courts resolve civil cases, which involve disputes between individuals or organizations, and criminal cases, which involve violations of the law.

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What happens in a criminal case?

A criminal case determines whether a person accused of a crime is guilty of a misdemeanor or felony.

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What is the role of the U.S. Supreme Court?

The U.S. Supreme Court is the highest court in the land. It has limited original jurisdiction and primarily has appellate jurisdiction, meaning it can review decisions from lower courts.

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What are the different levels of federal courts?

The federal court system has three levels: U.S. District Courts (original jurisdiction), U.S. Courts of Appeals (appellate jurisdiction), and the U.S. Supreme Court (appellate and limited original jurisdiction).

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Individual Choice

The freedom for individuals to make decisions about their economic activities, such as what to buy, sell, or produce.

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Value of Choice

The importance or worth individuals assign to the things they give up when making a choice.

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Minimal Government Involvement

A situation where the government plays a limited role in the economy, allowing individuals and businesses to make most economic decisions.

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Production

The process of combining resources like labor, land, capital, and entrepreneurship to create goods or services.

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Command Economy

An economic system where the government controls all aspects of production and distribution.

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Mixed Economy

An economic system that combines elements of both free market and command economies, with government playing a role in some areas.

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Supply and Demand

The forces that determine prices in a market economy, where supply represents the amount of goods available and demand reflects the amount consumers want.

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Price Change Impact

The effect of a price change on both consumers and producers; consumers adjust the quantity they buy, while producers adjust the quantity they sell.

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Study Notes

Fundamental Principles

  • Consent of the governed: Citizens grant authority to the government in exchange for their rights' protection.
  • Limited government: Government has restricted powers, only those explicitly given by the people.
  • Rule of Law: Everyone, including officials, is subject to the law.
  • Democracy: People rule in a government system.
  • Representative government: Elected representatives govern on the people's behalf.

Earlier Documents

  • Magna Carta: Established the principle of everyone, including the King, being subject to the law, granting English fundamental rights.
  • Charters of the Virginia Company of London: Guaranteed English rights to colonists.
  • Virginia Declaration of Rights: Served as a model for the Bill of Rights.
  • Declaration of Independence: Declared colonies' independence from Great Britain, affirming unalienable rights (life, liberty, pursuit of happiness), and equality.
  • Articles of Confederation: Created first national government for the states, with weak central power.
  • Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom: Guaranteed freedom of religious belief and opinion.
  • Constitution: Structure of the federal government, guarantees equality under law, protects minority rights, and affirms individual worth.
  • United States Bill of Rights: Protects fundamental freedoms (religion, speech, press, assembly, petition).

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Related Documents

Civics and Economics CE.2a-d Study Guide PDF

Description

Explore the fundamental principles and key historical documents that shaped American governance. This quiz covers concepts like democracy, limited government, and landmark texts such as the Magna Carta and the Declaration of Independence.

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