lecture 27- immunology
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Questions and Answers

In tissue rejection, which route involves donor dendritic cells directly presenting antigens to recipient T cells?

  • Lymph Node Response
  • Recipient APC Route
  • Direct Route (correct)
  • Indirect Route
  • Which type of MHC molecules are most frequently recognized by alloantibodies generated from alloreactive B cells?

  • Class I MHC
  • Class II MHC (correct)
  • Class III MHC
  • Class IV MHC
  • What is the prime target of graft vasculature in tissue rejection?

  • Endothelial cells (correct)
  • Smooth muscle cells
  • Epithelial cells
  • Fibroblasts
  • Which cells capture and process donor alloantigens and then present them to recipient T cells in the indirect pathway of tissue rejection?

    <p>Recipient APCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key function of alloreactive antibodies in tissue rejection?

    <p>Activating complement and Fc receptor-mediated mechanisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do antigens presented by both donor and recipient APCs travel to in the rejection process?

    <p>Nearest lymph node</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule expressed by endothelial cells serves as a target for graft vasculature in tissue rejection?

    <p>Class I MHC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of alloantibodies recognizing graft antigens in tissue rejection?

    <p>Engagement of effector mechanisms like complement and Fc receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells in transplant rejection?

    <p>Attacking and killing graft tissue cells presenting alloantigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do CD4+ helper T cells contribute to tissue rejection in transplants?

    <p>Inducing inflammation and cytokine production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of alloreactive B cells in response to alloantigens?

    <p>Producing antibodies targeting MHC proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immune cells are responsible for directly attacking and killing graft tissue cells?

    <p>CD8+ cytotoxic T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do alloantigen-specific antibodies contribute to tissue rejection?

    <p>Recruit complement proteins and immune cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is a prime target for the recipient's immune response in transplant rejection?

    <p>Endothelial cells lining blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate consequence of an attack on the vasculature of transplanted tissue?

    <p>Compromised blood flow leading to tissue failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do antibodies targeting MHC proteins have on the donated tissue?

    <p>Exacerbate tissue damage and rejection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main way activated effector T cells contribute to transplant rejection?

    <p>Migrating back to the transplanted tissue and engaging in various effector functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pathway involves the recipient dendritic cells capturing and processing donor alloantigens in tissue rejection?

    <p>Indirect pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of effector T cells in transplant rejection?

    <p>Engaging in various effector functions at the transplanted tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immune cells are primarily involved in the differentiation into effector T cells after antigen presentation in the lymph node response?

    <p>Naive T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In transplant rejection, what is the direct consequence of donor dendritic cells directly presenting antigens to recipient T cells?

    <p>Activation of alloreactive T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the crucial function of recipient APCs in the indirect pathway of tissue rejection?

    <p>Capturing and processing donor alloantigens for presentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant outcome of antigens being presented to naive T cells in the lymph nodes during tissue rejection?

    <p>Proliferation and differentiation into effector T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do effector T cells contribute differently from naive T cells to tissue rejection?

    <p>Effector T cells migrate back to the transplanted tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do CD4+ helper T cells play in transplant rejection?

    <p>Providing help and coordination of immune responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which effector mechanisms can separately or in combination promote allograft rejection?

    <p>Alloreactive CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and alloantibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of alloreactive B cells in response to alloantigens?

    <p>Production of antibodies targeting MHC proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of an attack on the vasculature of transplanted tissue?

    <p>Compromised blood flow leading to tissue failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component plays a crucial role in orchestrating an immune response against transplanted tissue?

    <p>Alloreactive T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells in allograft rejection?

    <p>Directly attacking and killing graft tissue cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do antibodies produced by alloreactive B cells contribute to tissue rejection?

    <p>Recruit complement proteins and immune cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In transplant rejection, what is a prime target for the recipient's immune response?

    <p>Endothelial cells in the vasculature of the transplanted tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is crucial for developing strategies to prevent or mitigate rejection and improve transplant outcomes?

    <p>Understanding alloreactive T cell activation and antibody production pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

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