33 Questions
In tissue rejection, which route involves donor dendritic cells directly presenting antigens to recipient T cells?
Direct Route
Which type of MHC molecules are most frequently recognized by alloantibodies generated from alloreactive B cells?
Class II MHC
What is the prime target of graft vasculature in tissue rejection?
Endothelial cells
Which cells capture and process donor alloantigens and then present them to recipient T cells in the indirect pathway of tissue rejection?
Recipient APCs
What is the key function of alloreactive antibodies in tissue rejection?
Activating complement and Fc receptor-mediated mechanisms
Where do antigens presented by both donor and recipient APCs travel to in the rejection process?
Nearest lymph node
Which molecule expressed by endothelial cells serves as a target for graft vasculature in tissue rejection?
Class I MHC
What is the consequence of alloantibodies recognizing graft antigens in tissue rejection?
Engagement of effector mechanisms like complement and Fc receptors
What is the primary role of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells in transplant rejection?
Attacking and killing graft tissue cells presenting alloantigens
How do CD4+ helper T cells contribute to tissue rejection in transplants?
Inducing inflammation and cytokine production
What is the role of alloreactive B cells in response to alloantigens?
Producing antibodies targeting MHC proteins
Which immune cells are responsible for directly attacking and killing graft tissue cells?
CD8+ cytotoxic T cells
How do alloantigen-specific antibodies contribute to tissue rejection?
Recruit complement proteins and immune cells
Which component is a prime target for the recipient's immune response in transplant rejection?
Endothelial cells lining blood vessels
What is the ultimate consequence of an attack on the vasculature of transplanted tissue?
Compromised blood flow leading to tissue failure
What effect do antibodies targeting MHC proteins have on the donated tissue?
Exacerbate tissue damage and rejection
What is the main way activated effector T cells contribute to transplant rejection?
Migrating back to the transplanted tissue and engaging in various effector functions
Which pathway involves the recipient dendritic cells capturing and processing donor alloantigens in tissue rejection?
Indirect pathway
What is the primary function of effector T cells in transplant rejection?
Engaging in various effector functions at the transplanted tissue
Which immune cells are primarily involved in the differentiation into effector T cells after antigen presentation in the lymph node response?
Naive T cells
In transplant rejection, what is the direct consequence of donor dendritic cells directly presenting antigens to recipient T cells?
Activation of alloreactive T cells
What is the crucial function of recipient APCs in the indirect pathway of tissue rejection?
Capturing and processing donor alloantigens for presentation
What is a significant outcome of antigens being presented to naive T cells in the lymph nodes during tissue rejection?
Proliferation and differentiation into effector T cells
How do effector T cells contribute differently from naive T cells to tissue rejection?
Effector T cells migrate back to the transplanted tissue
What role do CD4+ helper T cells play in transplant rejection?
Providing help and coordination of immune responses
Which effector mechanisms can separately or in combination promote allograft rejection?
Alloreactive CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and alloantibodies
What is the primary function of alloreactive B cells in response to alloantigens?
Production of antibodies targeting MHC proteins
What is the consequence of an attack on the vasculature of transplanted tissue?
Compromised blood flow leading to tissue failure
Which component plays a crucial role in orchestrating an immune response against transplanted tissue?
Alloreactive T cells
What is the role of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells in allograft rejection?
Directly attacking and killing graft tissue cells
How do antibodies produced by alloreactive B cells contribute to tissue rejection?
Recruit complement proteins and immune cells
In transplant rejection, what is a prime target for the recipient's immune response?
Endothelial cells in the vasculature of the transplanted tissue
What is crucial for developing strategies to prevent or mitigate rejection and improve transplant outcomes?
Understanding alloreactive T cell activation and antibody production pathways
Learn about the activation, proliferation, differentiation, and effector functions of alloreactive T cells in graft rejection. Understand how alloreactive B cells generate alloantibodies that recognize graft antigens and engage effector mechanisms. Explore the targeting of graft vasculature by alloreactive antibodies.
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