All About the Rat (Science) Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the scientific name of the rat?

Rattus norvegicus

What family does the rat belong in?

Muridae

When did the rat reach North America?

1775

What is the scientific Classification- Domain of the rat?

Eukarya Signup and view all the answers

What is the scientific Classification- Kingdom of the rat?

Animalia Signup and view all the answers

What is the scientific Classification- Phylum of the rat?

Chordata Signup and view all the answers

What is the scientific Classification- Class of the rat?

Mammalia Signup and view all the answers

What is the scientific Classification- Genus of the rat?

Rattus Signup and view all the answers

What is the scientific Classification- Family of the rat?

Murida Signup and view all the answers

How many different species are in the scientific Classification- Species of the rat?

64 different Signup and view all the answers

What does cranial/anterior refer to in rats?

Near the head/above the abdomen Signup and view all the answers

What does caudal/posterior refer to in rats?

Near the tail/below the abdomen Signup and view all the answers

What does dorsal mean?

Along the back of the animal Signup and view all the answers

What does ventral mean?

Along the belly of the animal Signup and view all the answers

What does lateral refer to?

Length of the animal Signup and view all the answers

What does medial refer to?

From the chest to the pelvic area Signup and view all the answers

What are incisors?

Large protruding front teeth Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pinna?

Large part of the ears that direct sound to the canal Signup and view all the answers

What are eyelids?

Cover/protection for the eye Signup and view all the answers

What is the nictitating membrane?

Extra eye covering Signup and view all the answers

What are vibrissae?

Whiskers/for sense of feel Signup and view all the answers

What are nares?

Nostrils Signup and view all the answers

What is the anus?

Waste exits the body here Signup and view all the answers

What are mammary papillae? (females only)

To feed their young Signup and view all the answers

What does caudal refer to?

Toward the tail end Signup and view all the answers

What does pectoral refer to?

Relating to the chest and shoulder region Signup and view all the answers

What does pelvic refer to?

Relating to the hip region Signup and view all the answers

What does dermal refer to?

Relating to the skin Signup and view all the answers

What does longitudinal refer to?

Lengthwise Signup and view all the answers

What is the abdominal cavity?

Related to the area below (posterior) the ribcage Signup and view all the answers

What is the thoracic cavity?

Related to the area above (anterior) the ribcage Signup and view all the answers

What is the buccal cavity?

Eating, drinking Signup and view all the answers

What is the passage that extends from the base of the skull to about the sixth cervical vertebra?

The pharynx (the throat) Signup and view all the answers

The pharynx receives air from the?

Nasal cavity Signup and view all the answers

Air, food, and water come from the?

Oral cavity Signup and view all the answers

The nasal cavity, oral cavity, and pharynx open into the?

Larynx and esophagus Signup and view all the answers

What is ventilation?

Moves air to and from alveoli Signup and view all the answers

What are the mouth and nostril?

Intake for air Signup and view all the answers

What is the larynx?

Produce sound for communication Signup and view all the answers

What is the trachea?

Tube to bring air into lungs Signup and view all the answers

What is the bronchus?

Branches into the lungs Signup and view all the answers

What are lungs?

Exchange oxygen from air into blood and expels carbon dioxide waste Signup and view all the answers

What is the diaphragm?

Muscle that helps fill the lungs with air Signup and view all the answers

How does blood flow through your lungs?

Pulmonary circulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the heart?

Pump that supplies the body with blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the pericardium?

Protects the heart Signup and view all the answers

What is the vena cava?

Supplies used blood to the right atrium Signup and view all the answers

What is the aorta?

Main artery out of the left ventricle Signup and view all the answers

What are the left atrium and ventricle?

Chambers that pump blood to the lungs Signup and view all the answers

What is a vein?

Back to the heart, pathway for used blood Signup and view all the answers

What is an artery?

Away from the heart, pathway for oxygen-rich blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the cerebellum?

Part of the brain below the back of the cerebrum, regulates movement, muscle coordination, and balance Signup and view all the answers

What is the frontal lobe of the cerebrum?

The top, front regions of each of the cerebral hemispheres used for reasoning, emotions, judgment, and voluntary movement Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Scientific Classification

Scientific name of the rat: Rattus norvegicus
Family: Muridae
Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Genus: Rattus
Total species: 64 different species within the genus

Rat History and Geography

Rats reached North America in the year 1775

Anatomical Terms

Cranial/Anterior: Near the head, above the abdomen
Caudal/Posterior: Near the tail, below the abdomen
Dorsal: Along the back of the animal
Ventral: Along the belly of the animal
Lateral: Length of the animal
Medial: From the chest to the pelvic area

Physical Features

Incisors: Large protruding front teeth
Pinna: Large part of the ears that directs sound to the canal
Eyelids: Cover and protect the eyes
Nictitating membrane: Extra eye covering for protection
Vibrissae: Whiskers that provide a sense of touch
Nares: Nostrils for breathing
Anus: Exit point for waste from the body
Mammary papilla (females only): Structures for feeding their young

Body Cavities

Abdominal cavity: Area below the ribcage
Thoracic cavity: Area above the ribcage
Buccal cavity: Involved in eating and drinking

Respiratory System

Pharynx: Passway from the base of the skull to about the sixth cervical vertebra; serves respiratory and digestive systems
Nasal cavity: Source of air for the pharynx
Oral cavity: Intake for food, water, and air
Larynx: Produces sound for communication
Trachea: Tube that carries air to the lungs
Bronchus: Branches into the lungs
Lungs: Exchange oxygen from air into blood and expel carbon dioxide
Diaphragm: Muscle that aids in filling the lungs with air

Circulatory System

Blood flow through lungs is known as pulmonary circulation
Heart: Main organ that pumps blood throughout the body
Pericardium: Protective layer around the heart
Vena cava: Returns used blood to the right atrium
Aorta: Main artery that carries oxygenated blood out of the left ventricle
Left atrium and ventricle: Chambers responsible for pumping blood to the lungs
Veins: Carry used blood back to the heart
Arteries: Carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart (particularly pulmonary arteries)

Brain Anatomy

Cerebellum: Regulates movement, muscle coordination, and balance
Frontal lobe of the cerebrum: Responsible for reasoning, emotions, judgment, and voluntary movement

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Description

This quiz covers essential facts about rats, including their scientific classification and historical spread to North America. Test your knowledge on the scientific name, family classification, and taxonomic hierarchy of rats. Perfect for science enthusiasts or students studying zoology.