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Questions and Answers
How many papillae are present in the kidneys of rats?
How many papillae are present in the kidneys of rats?
What is the relative position of the right kidney compared to the left kidney in rats?
What is the relative position of the right kidney compared to the left kidney in rats?
How many pairs of mammary glands do female rats possess?
How many pairs of mammary glands do female rats possess?
What is a characteristic of the mammary glands of mice?
What is a characteristic of the mammary glands of mice?
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What is a characteristic of the uterus in rats?
What is a characteristic of the uterus in rats?
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What is the duration of the estrous period in female rats and mice?
What is the duration of the estrous period in female rats and mice?
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At what age do female mice develop five pairs of conspicuous nipples?
At what age do female mice develop five pairs of conspicuous nipples?
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What is the average age of puberty in mice?
What is the average age of puberty in mice?
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How long does it take for the ears of rat and mouse pups to open after birth?
How long does it take for the ears of rat and mouse pups to open after birth?
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What is the gestation period for rats?
What is the gestation period for rats?
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When does the postpartum estrus occur in female rats and mice?
When does the postpartum estrus occur in female rats and mice?
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Study Notes
Kidney Structure
- Rat kidneys contain only one papilla and one calyx.
- The right kidney is located more anteriorly than the left.
Mammary Glands
- Female rats have four to six pairs of mammary glands located in the thoracic and inguinal regions.
- In mice, mammary glands extend to the sides and back, with five pairs present.
- Male mice also have mammary glands, but nipples are insignificant.
Female Reproductive System
- The uterus is bicornuate, with each horn having a separate cervical canal.
- A membrane covers the vaginal opening until the female reaches sexual maturity.
Reproductive Cycle
- Female rats and mice are spontaneous ovulators and continuously polyestrous, with a 4- to 5-day estrous period.
- Postpartum estrus occurs in females approximately 20 to 24 hours after parturition.
Sexual Dimorphism
- Males have a larger genital papilla than females.
- Males have a greater distance between the genital papilla and anus compared to females.
Development
- Female mice develop five pairs of conspicuous nipples by approximately 9 days of age.
- Puberty in mice:
- Occurs at around 25 days of age.
- Complete by 50 days in males.
- Complete by 50-60 days in females.
- Puberty in rats:
- Occurs between 37-67 days in females.
- Occurs between 40-75 days in males.
Breeding and Gestation
- Gestation period in mice: 19-21 days.
- Average litter size in mice: 10-12 pups.
- Gestation period in rats: approximately 22 days.
- Litter size in rats: 6-12 pups.
Pup Development
- Rat and mice pups are born:
- Harmless.
- Blind.
- Deaf.
- Ears open between 3-5 days after birth.
- Eyes open between 7-14 days after birth.
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Description
This quiz covers the anatomy of rats and mice, focusing on kidney structure, mammary glands, and the female reproductive system.
