Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature Rules
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Questions and Answers

What is the IUPAC nomenclature rule for naming aldehydes?

  • Replace the terminal -e of the alkane with -ene
  • Replace the terminal -e of the alkane with -al (correct)
  • Replace the terminal -e of the alkane with -ol
  • Replace the terminal -e of the alkane with -one
  • What is the purpose of prefixes in substitutive nomenclature?

  • To indicate the functional group
  • To indicate the molecular formula
  • To indicate the substituents (correct)
  • To indicate the parent alkane
  • What is the IUPAC name of the compound with the molecular formula CH₃COCH₃?

  • Propanone
  • Acetone (correct)
  • Butanone
  • Ethanal
  • What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the molecular formula CH₃CH₂CHO?

    <p>Butanal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functional class nomenclature rule for naming ketones?

    <p>Named as a derivative of the parent ketone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the suffix used to indicate an aldehyde functional group in IUPAC nomenclature?

    <p>-al</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the molecular formula C₂H₄O?

    <p>Ethanal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are cyclic ketones named in IUPAC nomenclature?

    <p>Using the prefix 'cyclo' followed by the number of carbon atoms in the ring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common name for the compound with the IUPAC name methanal?

    <p>Formaldehyde</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the molecular formula C₆H₅CHO?

    <p>Benzenecarbaldehyde</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are aldehydes and ketones named using the IUPAC convention?

    <p>By replacing the '-e' ending of the parent alkane with '-al' or '-one'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the molecular formula C₅H₈O?

    <p>Cyclopentanone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature

    IUPAC Nomenclature

    • Aldehydes:
      • Named as derivatives of the parent alkane
      • Replace the terminal -e of the alkane with -al
      • Example: methanal (formaldehyde), ethanal (acetaldehyde)
    • Ketones:
      • Named as derivatives of the parent alkane
      • Replace the terminal -e of the alkane with -one
      • Example: propanone (acetone), butanone (ethyl methyl ketone)

    Substitutive Nomenclature

    • Prefixes used to indicate the substituents:
      • Alkyl groups: methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, etc.
      • Halogens: chloro-, bromo-, iodo-, etc.
      • Other substituents: hydroxy-, amino-, etc.
    • Example: 3-chloropropanal, 2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one

    Functional Class Nomenclature

    • Aldehydes:
      • Named as a derivative of the parent aldehyde
      • Example: 2-methylbutanal, 3-phenylpropanal
    • Ketones:
      • Named as a derivative of the parent ketone
      • Example: 2-methylbutan-2-one, 3-phenylpropan-2-one

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of the IUPAC nomenclature rules for aldehydes and ketones, including substitutive and functional class nomenclature. Learn how to name these organic compounds correctly. Practice with this quiz and become proficient in organic chemistry!

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