12 Questions
What is the IUPAC nomenclature rule for naming aldehydes?
Replace the terminal -e of the alkane with -al
What is the purpose of prefixes in substitutive nomenclature?
To indicate the substituents
What is the IUPAC name of the compound with the molecular formula CH₃COCH₃?
Acetone
What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the molecular formula CH₃CH₂CHO?
Butanal
What is the functional class nomenclature rule for naming ketones?
Named as a derivative of the parent ketone
What is the suffix used to indicate an aldehyde functional group in IUPAC nomenclature?
-al
What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the molecular formula C₂H₄O?
Ethanal
How are cyclic ketones named in IUPAC nomenclature?
Using the prefix 'cyclo' followed by the number of carbon atoms in the ring
What is the common name for the compound with the IUPAC name methanal?
Formaldehyde
What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the molecular formula C₆H₅CHO?
Benzenecarbaldehyde
How are aldehydes and ketones named using the IUPAC convention?
By replacing the '-e' ending of the parent alkane with '-al' or '-one'
What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the molecular formula C₅H₈O?
Cyclopentanone
Study Notes
Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature
IUPAC Nomenclature
- Aldehydes:
- Named as derivatives of the parent alkane
- Replace the terminal -e of the alkane with -al
- Example: methanal (formaldehyde), ethanal (acetaldehyde)
- Ketones:
- Named as derivatives of the parent alkane
- Replace the terminal -e of the alkane with -one
- Example: propanone (acetone), butanone (ethyl methyl ketone)
Substitutive Nomenclature
- Prefixes used to indicate the substituents:
- Alkyl groups: methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, etc.
- Halogens: chloro-, bromo-, iodo-, etc.
- Other substituents: hydroxy-, amino-, etc.
- Example: 3-chloropropanal, 2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one
Functional Class Nomenclature
- Aldehydes:
- Named as a derivative of the parent aldehyde
- Example: 2-methylbutanal, 3-phenylpropanal
- Ketones:
- Named as a derivative of the parent ketone
- Example: 2-methylbutan-2-one, 3-phenylpropan-2-one
Test your knowledge of the IUPAC nomenclature rules for aldehydes and ketones, including substitutive and functional class nomenclature. Learn how to name these organic compounds correctly. Practice with this quiz and become proficient in organic chemistry!
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