00-25-172 Chapter 3

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Questions and Answers

Match the following terms with their definitions related to aircraft fluids and fuels:

Flash Point = Temperature at which flammable vapor concentration is sufficient to form a flammable mixture Lower Flammable Limit (LFL) = Minimum concentration of vapor-to-air where flame can occur Upper Flammable Limit (UFL) = Maximum vapor-to-air concentration above which flame propagation will not occur Vapor Concentration = Amount of vapor present in the air at a given temperature

Match the aircraft servicing practices with their outcomes:

Keeping aircraft servicing areas free of debris = Reduced risk of accidents and spills Control of spills according to local directives = Prevention of fire hazards Maintaining cleanliness in aircraft parking areas = Safer and more efficient operations Avoiding ignition sources near fuel servicing areas = Minimized potential for explosions

Match the types of fuels with their respective flash points:

JP-4 = Less than -10 °F JP-8 = Above +100 °F Hydraulic Fluids = Varies by specific type Lubricants = Varies but generally higher than JP-4

Match these fuels with their characteristics regarding flammability:

JP-4 = Higher risk of forming flammable mixtures JP-8 = Lower risk due to higher flash point Hydraulic Fluids = Potential fire hazard depending on type Lubricants = Generally safe but context-sensitive Signup and view all the answers

Match the environmental risks with their related factors:

Debris in aircraft servicing areas = Increases potential for accidents Oil and hydraulic fluid accumulation = Elevates risk of fire hazards Spills of fuel = Require immediate control procedures Ignition sources near servicing areas = Risk of explosions if permitted Signup and view all the answers

Match the fuel types with their vapor behavior:

JP-4 = Vapors cling to ground and form flammable mixtures JP-8 = Vapors do not form above surface at lower temperatures Hydraulic Fluids = Vapor behavior varies widely Lubricants = Often have low volatile components Signup and view all the answers

Match the recommended practices with safety outcomes:

Control spills immediately = Prevents fire hazards Keep fuels in controlled areas = Minimizes spillage risk Avoid fueling operations in high temperatures = Reduces vapor emergence Use proper containment for all fluids = Ensures environmental safety Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms related to vapor concentration with applicable limits:

1.3 percent by volume = Lower Flammable Limit (LFL) 7.0 percent by volume = Upper Flammable Limit (UFL) Less than -10 °F = Flash point of JP-4 Greater than +100 °F = Flash point of JP-8 Signup and view all the answers

Match the fuel servicing conditions to their respective descriptions:

Lightning advisory issued = Terminate servicing if electrical storm is within 5 nautical miles Hot brakes indication = Do not start servicing operations High frequency radios in transmit mode = Must be at least 300 feet away from servicing operations Non-essential aircraft electrical systems = Shall not be activated during servicing unless absolutely required Signup and view all the answers

Match the personnel actions to their appropriate restrictions within the Fuel Servicing Safety Zone (FSSZ):

Aircrew on MAF aircraft = May remain on board during servicing operations Personnel receiving training = Allowed in FSSZ under direct supervision Quality inspectors = May enter FSSZ for quality assurance functions Observers = Must leave FSSZ immediately during servicing Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of aircraft operations to their FSSZ restrictions:

Engine starts on adjacent aircraft = Not permitted if intruding into FSSZ Using welding equipment = Not allowed in FSSZ Pre/postflight inspections = Permitted if no spilled flammable liquids Moving aircraft under own power = Restricted if intruding into FSSZ Signup and view all the answers

Match the examples of active ignition sources to their descriptions:

Open flames = Removed from FSSZ during fuel movement Sparks from internal combustion engines = Considered an active ignition source Electrical arcing = Shall not be present during servicing operations Non-servicing vehicles = Allowed as long as engines are not running Signup and view all the answers

Match the aircraft servicing guidelines to their conditions:

Fuel servicing safety zone = 50 feet around fueling equipment and aircraft fuel vent outlets Servicing operations during storms = Must stop if lightning advisory is issued Wind velocity restrictions = Specific hazardous wind velocities determined by base personnel Fire incidents near servicing operations = Stop servicing until fire is under control Signup and view all the answers

Match the safety measures with their relevant aircraft operations:

Aircraft radar operation = Not allowed in transmit mode close to servicing operations UHF/VHF cockpit radios = Can be operated by aircrew during servicing if necessary Passengers on MAF aircraft = Allowed if provisions in Chapter 5 are met Engine running adjacent aircraft = Must not direct thrust at fueling aircraft Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms related to FSSZ to their definitions:

FSSZ = Fuel Servicing Safety Zone SPP = Stored Pressure Port AGE = Aerospace Ground Equipment TO = Technical Order Signup and view all the answers

Match the servicing safety zone concepts to their applications:

Open ramps = Have a defined FSSZ for fuel servicing Hangars = Must be approved for fuel servicing operations Aircraft interiors = Not part of FSSZ unless exposed to fuel hazard Ground vehicles = Can be within FSSZ if non-running Signup and view all the answers

Match the fuel servicing constraints to their operational requirements:

Only essential personnel in FSSZ = Minimize risks during servicing operations No smoking within 50 feet = A fundamental rule during any servicing operation Stopping servicing during emergencies = Based on guidance from senior fire personnel Quality assurance checks = Allowed in FSSZ under certain restrictions Signup and view all the answers

Match the statements about servicing equipment to their practices:

Fuel servicing equipment = Must be disconnected during a crash/fire incident Combustible fluid lines = Only non-spill, quick disconnects are acceptable Engine starts during servicing = Not allowed if aircraft intrudes into FSSZ Direct supervision training = Allows trainees to access FSSZ under conditions Signup and view all the answers

Match the aircraft and equipment repair technical orders to their operational protocols:

TO 31Z-10-4 = Specifies safe distances for radar operation AFMAN 32-1084 = Regulates aircraft positioning relative to FSSZ 3-2TO 00-25-172 = Governs all fuel servicing safety procedures Technical Orders = Essential guidelines for proper aircraft maintenance Signup and view all the answers

Match the following requirements with their corresponding actions during aircraft fuel servicing operations:

Position AFFF system = Must be at aircraft fuel servicing scene during IFEs Touch metal surfaces with bare skin = Can cause skin to stick in freezing weather Bond maintenance stands = Required when accessing fuel servicing receptacles Stop refueling immediately = If tank appears to fill abnormally slow Signup and view all the answers

Match the following aircraft with their respective brake temperature servicing exemptions:

A-10 = Exempt from 750 °F brake temperature rule C-5 = Exempt from 750 °F brake temperature rule F-15 = Exempt from 750 °F brake temperature rule F-22 = Can be refueled exceeding 750 °F with shield Signup and view all the answers

Match the following items with their restrictions in the Fuel Servicing Safety Zone (FSSZ):

Laptop computers = Can be operated within the FSSZ Cell phones = Must be turned off within 10 feet of fuel vent Digital cameras = Can be operated within the FSSZ Camcorders = Allowed if viewfinder is de-energized Signup and view all the answers

Match the following clothing materials with fuel servicing guidelines:

Nylon = Not allowed with low flash point fuels Polyester = Not allowed with low flash point fuels Cotton = Allowed with high flash point fuels Wool = Not allowed with low flash point fuels Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ignition sources with their restrictions during fuel servicing:

Matches = Must not be handled during servicing operations Lighters = Must not be removed from pockets Hot brakes = Check before fuel servicing starts External power units = Must be parked outside the FSSZ Signup and view all the answers

Match the following signals with their corresponding actions after a fuel servicing incident:

Cease all servicing = If glowing or crackling fuel is noted Report to supervisor = Incidents must be communicated after investigation Recheck grounding connections = After incident has been reviewed Resume flow = At a slower rate and pressure Signup and view all the answers

Match the following safety practices with their purposes:

Grounding/bonding connector = Used to ensure potential equalization Touch warm metal object = Avoid skin sticking to cold surfaces Checking brake temperatures = Prevent ignitions during servicing Stopping refueling = If abnormal filling is detected Signup and view all the answers

Match the following equipment with their specific usage restrictions:

Pelican AALG = Can be operated within the FSSZ Wireless communication systems = Permitted anywhere within FSSZ Stray voltage detection devices = Allowed within the FSSZ Temperature sensors = Used for hot brake checks Signup and view all the answers

Match the following fuel types with their flash point guidelines:

JP-4 = Low flash point fuels, restrict clothing materials JP-5 = High flash point fuels, no restrictions on clothing JET B = Low flash point fuels, restrict clothing materials JET A-1 = High flash point fuels, no restrictions on clothing Signup and view all the answers

Match the following fire safety measures with their descriptions:

AFFF fire suppression system = Required during IFEs at the fuel scene Operating units positioning = Must be upwind from fueling operations Temperature measured = By using temp sticks or infrared sensors Non-conductive materials = No grounding required for fiberglass ladders Signup and view all the answers

Match the following personnel requirements with their related precautions:

Flight crew with Nomex = Must ensure they are at the same potential as the aircraft Entering FSSZ = No shoes with exposed spark-producing nails Removing outer garments = Not allowed in the fuel servicing safety zone Using ladders = Do not require bonding to the aircraft for overwing refueling Signup and view all the answers

Match the following fuels with their ignition characteristics:

JP-4 = Can ignite with a small energy spark JP-5 = Can ignite only in direct contact with ignition source JP-8 = Can behave like JP-4 under pressure JP-5 and JP-8 = Ignitable as mist or spray even below flash point Signup and view all the answers

Match the ignition sources with their descriptions during refueling:

Hot surfaces = Common ignition source above 750 °F Electrical arcing = Generated by faulty equipment Static electricity = Produced by personnel movement Open flames = Immediate ignition risk around fuels Signup and view all the answers

Match the responsibilities of the servicing supervisor with their descriptions:

Check markings = Verify correct grade of fuel supplied Control movement = Manage aircraft and equipment positioning Evacuate personnel = Remove non-essential staff during servicing Verify extinguishers = Ensure correct fire prevention measures are in place Signup and view all the answers

Match the temperature specifications with their significance:

750 °F = Threshold for hot surface ignition 900 °F = Minimum glowing temperature for ignition sources 2000 °F = Approximate flame temperature post-ignition 1000 °F = Melting temperature of aluminum alloys Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of refueling to their specific conditions:

Pressurized refueling = Potential hazard for leaks and mist Single point servicing = Requires specific nozzle connection procedures Over the wing servicing = Involves bonding wire installation before refueling Hot refueling = Conducted with aircraft engines running Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of fuel with their operational temperatures:

JP-5 = Can be found at 160 °F during operations JP-8 = Another fuel used at high temperatures JP-4 = More volatile, ignitable with slight sparks Hydraulic fluids = Less volatile, usually not ignitable at normal temperatures Signup and view all the answers

Match the elements involved in safe servicing operations:

Bonding wire = Ensures safety from static electricity Grounding/bonding = Essential procedure to prevent sparks Filler cap = Should not be opened without context Fuel nozzle operator = Responsible for safe operation during servicing Signup and view all the answers

Match the actions required before pressurizing the hose:

Check strainer coupling = Verify locking before hose pressurization Ensure nozzle security = Attempt to remove nozzle in open position Inspect SPR = Look for any wear or defects Locking device test = Engagement check before operation Signup and view all the answers

Match the concepts with their related hazards during fueling:

Fine spray or mist = Produced by pressure leaks Energy spark = Can ignite fuel vapors Sparks from tools = Generated by dropping on concrete Hot particles = May originate from engine exhaust Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of communication required during service operations:

Voice contact = Essential among crew members during servicing Intercom communications = Used for aircraft equipped systems Visual contact = Maintained with control panel operator MOC communication = Coordination with Fire Protection Agencies Signup and view all the answers

Match the threats posed by hot surfaces with their descriptions:

Hot brakes = Commonly exceed ignition threshold Bleed air ducts = Can generate significant heat APU surfaces = Another source of high temperature Servicing equipment = May have heated surfaces present Signup and view all the answers

Match the specific requirements for the Supervisor with their roles:

Familiarity with Technical Order = Must understand all procedures and policies Personnel monitoring = Direct supervision of crew duties Hazard awareness = Ensuring compliance with safety protocols Operational control = Management of refueling processes Signup and view all the answers

Match the risk management practices during refueling operations:

Constant vigilance = Essential to prevent ignition risks Eliminating ignition sources = Reducing fire hazards Availability of firefighting equipment = Necessary for emergency response Training personnel = Ensuring safety and compliance awareness Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of fuels with their volatility characteristics:

JP-4 = Highly volatile and ignitable JP-5 = Less volatile and controls ignition risk JP-8 = Similar to JP-5 with specific applications Hydraulic fluids = Generally stable and not easily ignitable Signup and view all the answers

Match the operational issues with their impact on refueling:

Mist discharge = Risk of ignition just like JP-4 Hot surfaces presence = Requires immediate caution during operations Low flash point risks = Demanding higher safety measures Impact of static discharge = Necessitates grounding protocols Signup and view all the answers

Match the following fire extinguisher models with their specifications or usage:

Amerex Model 775 = 150-pound, Novec 1230 fire extinguisher Halon 1211 = Prohibited for environmental reasons Novec 1230 = Mandatory in USAFE Combination CO/Dry Chemical unit = Used by Navy at joint bases Signup and view all the answers

Match the following fire safety requirements with their descriptions:

Fire Department Standby = Required during emergency situations Concurrent Servicing Operations = May continue during Combat Sortie Generation Installed Fire Protection Systems = Control fuel spill fires Fire Extinguisher Placement = Avoid within 25 feet of fuel vent outlets Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Simulated Hardened Aircraft Shelters = Same fire protection as outside operations Hot Refueling = Increased hazard requiring greater fire protection Technical Order (TO) = Central reference for fire extinguishers NATO STANAG 3863 = Allows certain extinguishers at deployed locations Signup and view all the answers

Match the following fire extinguisher models with their National Stock Numbers (NSNs):

Amerex Model 775 = NSN 4210-01-610-6985 Halon 1211 = NSN 4210-01-457-9062 Fire department vehicle = Not specified in the document Novec 1230 = NSN not mentioned Signup and view all the answers

Match the following fire risks with their required precautions:

Fuel servicing operations = Requires fire extinguisher proximity Aircraft servicing = Personnel must be trained in extinguisher use Hot refueling = Requires installed fire suppression systems Simulated operations = Follow normal day-to-day requirements Signup and view all the answers

Match the following scenarios with their fire safety protocols:

Fuel leak incident = Servicing personnel first line of defense Emergency landing = ARFF vehicles pre-positioned along runway Concurrent Servicing Operations = One extinguisher can cover multiple aircraft Emergency notifications = Immediate report to fire department required Signup and view all the answers

Match the following guidelines with their requirements:

Distance requirement for fire extinguishers = Within 100 feet of aircraft Interval requirements = Follow Table 3-1 specifications Personnel training = In-use of fire extinguishers and systems Duties of Senior Fire Officer = Directing standby vehicles to emergencies Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their associated responsibilities:

Servicing personnel = Must notify fire department immediately Fire department personnel = Respond to incidents at the scene Fire safety training = Conducted under the IFC Technical Order guidelines = Reference for fire safety operations Signup and view all the answers

Match the following fire protection requirements with their conditions:

ARFF vehicles for emergencies = Positioned at multiple aircraft situations Installation of fire suppression systems = Required for high-hazard operations Fire extinguisher placement = Optimized for aircraft safety Proximity to aircraft during service = Consider pilot visibility and winds Signup and view all the answers

Match the following assistance sources with their respective roles:

IFC = Provides training assistance MAJCOM = Directs combat conditions protocols NATO = Sets standards for fire protection Senior Fire Officer = Oversees vehicle standby assignments Signup and view all the answers

Match the following fire equipment types with their descriptions:

Wheeled flightline extinguishers = Minimum distribution outlined in Table 3-1 Portable extinguishers = Used by personnel in case of incidents Installed systems = Mitigate personnel and aircraft exposure ARFF vehicles = Cover multiple hot refuelings as needed Signup and view all the answers

Match the following hazards with the required fire protection strategies:

Aircraft fueling = Needs fire department standby High hazard servicing operations = Requires enhanced fire protection Normal operations = Adhere to training and extinguisher use Aircraft servicing near vent outlets = Avoid placing extinguishers within 25 feet Signup and view all the answers

Match the following safety practices with their corresponding precautions during aircraft servicing:

Avoid touching the exhaust manifold = Prevent serious burns due to high temperature Do not refuel while equipment is running = Minimize fire risk during fuel servicing Use a spotter for vehicle positioning = Ensure safe distance from aircraft Transfer fuel while running only under supervision = Permit operational efficiency during alert conditions Signup and view all the answers

Match the following scenarios with the appropriate restrictions during fuel servicing:

Parking vehicles near aircraft = Must be 25 feet away unless a spotter is present Starting powered support equipment = Shall not happen with noticeable fuel vapors Exhaust pointing at aircraft = Prohibited during powered support equipment startup Refueling support equipment = Not allowed when the exhaust manifold is hot Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of powered support equipment with their operational requirements:

Munitions loaders/jammers = Must not stop under fuel vent outlets during servicing Fuel servicing vehicles = May not park closer than 25 feet from aircraft Generators for alert aircraft = Can transfer fuel from external tank while running Powered equipment operation = Operator must remain nearby at all times Signup and view all the answers

Match the following conditions with their respective implications for aircraft servicing:

Exhaust manifold too hot = Risk of serious burns Fuel vapors present = Equipment must not be started Vehicles driven under aircraft stabilizers = Must maintain at least ten foot clearance Operating support equipment = Operator must avoid leaving vicinity Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements about fuel handling with their relevant consequences:

Refueling from aircraft drain cocks = Not allowed and may create hazards Vehicles positioned under horizontal stabilizers = Only when maintaining proper vehicle clearance Operating powered support equipment = Should never be parked under fuel vent outlets Continuous generator operation = Supervision required during fuel transfer Signup and view all the answers

Match the following safety discrepancies with their related descriptions:

Defective servicing hose = Leads to potential fuel leaks Defective throttle = Affects equipment control Defective exhaust system = May cause overheating Defective deadman control valve = Compromises safety during operation Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of fire extinguishers with their recommended uses:

Halon = Can be used on Liquid Oxygen (LOX) fires Novec = Effective for magnesium incendiaries Water mist = Preferred for oxygen-enriched environments Dry chemical = Effective for initial knockdown of aircraft fires Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of aircraft wheel chocks with their features:

Wood chocks = Made of kiln-dried wood and painted yellow Plastic chocks = Weather-resistant with anti-skid rubber base Composite chocks = Incorporate a knotted cotton rope Heavy-duty chocks = Must withstand 170 PSI for 15 minutes Signup and view all the answers

Match these fuel tank safety guidelines with their purposes:

Monitoring gauges during refueling = Prevents overfilling Routing hoses away from engines = Reduces fire hazards Chocking the aircraft = Stabilizes position during servicing Minimizing damage from servicing equipment = Ensures operational safety Signup and view all the answers

Match these aircraft support equipment discrepancies with their implications:

Fuel leaks = Risk of fire and environmental hazard Bare electrical wiring = Increases chances of electrical failure Engine backfires = Indicates mechanical failure Overheated engine = May lead to catastrophic damage Signup and view all the answers

Match the following wheel chock specifications with their characteristics:

NSN 1730-00-294-3694 = 6x8x20 inches wood chock NSN 1730-01-516-4898 = 56 inches wide composite chock NSN 1730-01-516-4899 = 14 inches wide composite chock NSN 1730-00-294-3695 = 4x6x14 inches wood chock Signup and view all the answers

Match the following extinguishing agents with their unique properties:

Halon 1211 = Effective for initial firefighting Novec 1230 = Safer for electronic equipment Water = Can only be applied from a distance in high volumes Dry chemical = Common for many types of fires Signup and view all the answers

Match these chocking practices with their correct guidelines:

Using MIL-PRF-32058 = Compliant chock material Placing hoses away from engines = Minimizes fire risk Properly chocking the aircraft = Avoids unintended movement Routing hoses under the aircraft = Requires careful placement Signup and view all the answers

Match the following fire extinguishers with their identification numbers:

Halon 1211 = NSN 4210-01-457-9062 Amerex Model 775 = NSN 4210-01-610-6985 Novec 1230 = Refer to specific wheeled fire extinguisher guidelines Wheeled fire extinguishers = Primarily used for aircraft fires Signup and view all the answers

Match these aircraft care practices with their importance:

Avoiding fuel leaks = Prevents environmental contamination Inspecting emergency shutoff switch = Ensures prompt response to emergencies Maintaining proper tire pressure = Affects handling and safety Service conducting checks = Avoids operational failures Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of chocks with their construction materials:

Wood chocks = Finished kiln-dried wood Plastic chocks = Synthetic hydrocarbon materials Composite chocks = Combination of plastic and rubber Knotting rope = Cotton lanyard for securing chocks Signup and view all the answers

Match these aircraft service protocols with their definitions:

Concurrent servicing = Multiple operations at the same time Chocking = Preventing aircraft movement Refueling procedures = Maintaining aircraft fuel safely Safety inspections = Identifying equipment discrepancies Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of aircraft servicing discrepancies with their safety impacts:

Defective nozzle = Compromises fuel delivery Inoperative emergency shutoff = Risks uncontrolled fuel flow Defective fuel filter = Causes fuel pressure issues Defective shift linkage = Affects vehicle operation Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of aircraft fire hazards with preventive measures:

Munitions fires = Do not use Halon or Novec Electrical fires = Ensure wiring is secure Engine fires = Use proper extinguishing agents Fuel fires = Monitor and control leaks Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of aircraft operation with its fire protection requirement:

POL servicing vehicle parking areas = Two 20-pound B/C rated fire extinguishers Aircraft outside of a hangar with no servicing = One flightline fire extinguisher at 200-foot intervals Concurrent servicing of aircraft with passengers = One flightline fire extinguisher within 100 feet Small Frame Alert Aircraft = One flightline fire extinguisher within 100 feet Signup and view all the answers

Match the authorized personnel with their responsibilities:

Installation Fire Chief = Determines standby posturing requirements Servicing personnel = Trained in the use of fire extinguishers Maintenance personnel = Exercising extra vigilance during operations ARFF personnel = Reserves fire response assistance as needed Signup and view all the answers

Match the emergency action with the required operational response:

Defueling with a fuel leak = Cease all fuel operations immediately Concurrent fuel servicing with patients = Cessation of servicing operations Hot refueling operations = Maintaining a one-minute ARFF vehicle response Defueling into open containers = Immediate stopping of fuel flow Signup and view all the answers

Match the fire protection equipment requirement with its specific location:

Flightline fire extinguishers = Located within 100 feet of aircraft Fire extinguishers on POL servicing vehicles = One on each side of the truck Extinguishers for FSE compliance = Specify 'DO NOT USE ON AIRCRAFT FIRES' Extinguishers for concurrent servicing operations = One located within 100 feet of aircraft Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of aircraft with the corresponding fire extinguisher requirement:

Cargo aircraft with nuclear weapons = One flightline fire extinguisher within 100 feet Large Frame Alert Aircraft = Two flightline fire extinguishers within 100 feet Small Frame Alert Aircraft = One flightline fire extinguisher within 100 feet Aircraft without powered support equipment = One fire extinguisher within 100 feet Signup and view all the answers

Match the risk management action with its required process:

Notification to IFC = Before modifying fire protection requirements Completion of risk assessment = For determining quantity and type of extinguishers Approval authority for RM plan = Installation Commander Involvement of base agencies = Wing Safety and maintainers of GITA Signup and view all the answers

Match the fire safety regulation with its compliance requirements:

NFPA 407 = Applicable to POL servicing vehicles ADR compliance = Requires labeling fire extinguishers TO 00-25-172 = Pertains to fire extinguisher positioning Table 3-1 = Lists fire protection equipment requirements Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of operation that must cease with its specific condition:

Concurrent fuel servicing with passengers = Must cease immediately Defueling when aircraft is damaged = Immediate fuel flow stoppage is required Hot refueling operations = Requires an ARFF vehicle on standby Fuel servicing with medical evacuations = Cease operations while patients are aboard Signup and view all the answers

Match the fire protection goal with the responsible party:

Maintain heightened alert = Installation Fire Chief Training and equipment maintenance = Critical firefighter duties Mitigate personnel injury risk = Compliance with the RM plan Ensure quick ARFF response = Determined by Installation Fire Chief Signup and view all the answers

Match the specific operations with their fire protection needs:

Fuel servicing of medical evacuation flights = Must cease when patients are aboard Concurrent servicing operations during ICT = One flightline fire extinguisher within 100 feet Hot refueling = One ARFF vehicle in standby posture Defueling into open containers = Requires immediate intervention to stop fuel flow Signup and view all the answers

Match the operational scenario with the corresponding extinguishing guidelines:

Aircraft being serviced outside a shelter = One flightline fire extinguisher within 100 feet Use of powered support equipment = One flightline fire extinguisher must be available Large frame aircraft servicing = Two extinguishers within 100 feet when passengers on board Hot refueling operations = Requires an ARFF vehicle's prompt readiness Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of aircraft operation with its associated fire protection requirement:

Aircraft parked inside hangar with fuel = One flightline fire extinguisher within 100 feet Aircraft parked inside hangar fully defueled = Flightline fire extinguisher optional Hot refueling operations = Minimum of 200 feet from inhabited buildings Forward Area Refueling Point Operations = 20-pound B:C rated dry chemical extinguisher nearby Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of aircraft to their specific operational requirements:

Small Frame Alert Aircraft = One flightline fire extinguisher within 100 feet Large Frame Alert Aircraft = Two flightline fire extinguishers within 100 feet Ground Instructional Trainer Aircraft = Specific process hazard considerations Aircraft engine runs = Manually operated fire extinguisher required Signup and view all the answers

Match the fire suppression system types with their conditions:

Automated fire suppression system = Flightline fire extinguisher optional Flightline fire extinguishers = Required within specific distances of aircraft Hangar fire safety = One fire extinguisher inside the hangar Fire extinguishing agents = May include chemical or equivalent fire extinguishers Signup and view all the answers

Match the operational zones with their respective distance criteria:

Taxiing aircraft = 50 feet from uninhabited buildings Mass refueling unit parking area = 100 feet from inhabited buildings Hot refueling = Minimum of 200 feet from inhabited buildings Rapid defueling = 50 feet from parking areas Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of fire extinguisher requirement with the operating conditions:

Single Point Refueling = Use flightline extinguisher in lieu of 20-pound extinguisher Forward Area Manifold Operations = Position extinguisher at receiver point Emergency procedures = One fire extinguisher manned by using organization Aircraft not equipped with APU = Refueling requires firefighting capabilities Signup and view all the answers

Match the conditions that dictate the number of fire extinguishers required:

Aircraft with APU = Not required during refueling Aircraft containing fuel = Two extinguishers within 100 feet required Fully defueled aircraft = One fire extinguisher within hangar optional Engine runs = Immediate fire extinguishing measures needed Signup and view all the answers

Match the specific safety measures with their applicable situations:

Application of chocks on equipment = Ramp slope conditions Parking powered support equipment = Outside fuel servicing safety zone Operation of non-powered support equipment = Shutdown prior to servicing Manned extinguishers = Operational position near aircraft Signup and view all the answers

Match the safety criteria to their corresponding aircraft operation types:

Parking near a Fuel Servicing Safety Zone = 10 feet from non-serviced aircraft Hangar operations = Extinguisher within 100 feet of aircraft Hot refueling to inhabited buildings = Minimum 200 feet safety distance Aircraft with integral firefighting capability = Exempt from certain requirements Signup and view all the answers

Match the specific types of fire extinguishing equipment with their operational location:

20-pound B:C rated extinguisher = Near tanker Single Point Refueling panel Flightline fire extinguisher = Inside hangar if no automated system exists Fire extinguisher for emergency use = Positioned by the using organization Fire fighting capability at APU = Required during aircraft refueling Signup and view all the answers

Match the fire protection measures with operational distances for specific operations:

Mass refueling unit areas = 100 feet separation from populated facilities Hot refueling areas = Minimum 200 feet from inhabited buildings Distance from taxiing aircraft = 50 feet from hot refueling setup Rapid defueling with powered cart = Distance reduced to 100 feet Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of operation to its corresponding fire protection requirements:

Concurrent servicing operations = Notify fire department 15 minutes prior Wet wing defueling = One fire extinguisher within 100 feet Hot refueling = Two extinguishers closer to fuel vent Aircraft serviced in shelters = Two extinguishers within 100 feet of the shelter Signup and view all the answers

Match the fire protection equipment requirement to the specific operational context:

Aircraft double-stuffed = One extinguisher inside the shelter Medical evacuation flights = Concurrent servicing with passengers Aircraft serviced inside Hush Houses = One extinguisher inside the hush house Defueling with fuel leaks = Implement emergency response plan Signup and view all the answers

Match the safety measures to their operational scenarios:

Aircraft being loaded with munitions = Extinguisher along ramp every 200 feet Fuel servicing in flow through revetments = Same fire protection as ramp Defueling when aircraft is damaged = Follow fuel leak response protocols Aircraft serviced in shelters = Extinguishers within 100 feet of aircraft Signup and view all the answers

Match the actions during aircraft servicing to the specific requirements:

ARFF vehicle standby posture = Determined by Installation Fire Chief Emergency response for hydrazine spill = Notify MOCC immediately Fuel servicing in FTRs = Two extinguishers within 100 feet Passenger count indication = Required before concurrent servicing Signup and view all the answers

Match the personnel requirements to their relevant actions:

One individual during refueling = Stay within 20 feet of APU/GTC Fire department notification = At least 15 minutes prior to operations Manning requirement for extinguishers = Closer to aircraft fuel vent Hydrazine spill response = Follow emergency plan guidelines Signup and view all the answers

Match these aircraft servicing practices with their corresponding positions:

Flow through revetments usage = Same fire protection level as ramp Aircraft parked inside shelters = One extinguisher near parking ramp edge Concurrent servicing operations = Two extinguishers within 100 feet Wet wing defueling = One fire extinguisher within 100 feet Signup and view all the answers

Match the specific aircraft operations to their related extinguisher requirements:

Hot refueling = Two extinguishers mated closely to fuel vent Medical evacuation = Notify of concurrent servicing Aircraft serviced inside a shelter = Extinguisher inside the shelter within 100 feet Defueling with damage = Implement emergency response plan Signup and view all the answers

Match the descriptions of aircraft fueling operations with their requirements:

Concurrent servicing during sorties = Two extinguishers within 100 feet Defueling operation criteria = Fuel leak response protocol Serviced inside Hush Houses = One extinguisher inside being used Medical evacuation servicing = Indicate number of passengers on board Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of aircraft servicing to their required fire safety measures:

Aircraft double-stuffed = Extinguisher located inside the shelter Wet wing defueling = Extinguisher within 100 feet Hot refueling = Two extinguishers required near fuel vent Aircraft servicing inside shelters = Two extinguishers within 100 feet Signup and view all the answers

Match the following emergency protocols to their situations:

Hydrazine leak or spill = Notify MOCC and implement emergency response Concurrent passenger servicing = Notify fire department 15 minutes in advance Aircraft with a fuel leak = Follow defueling safety criteria Hot refueling procedure = Extinguishers within 100 feet and manned Signup and view all the answers

Match the operational protocols with their safety considerations:

Aircraft serviced in FTRs = Same safety as ramp operations Concurrent servicing operations = Extinguisher requirement within 100 feet Loading/unloading munitions = Extinguisher placement along the ramp Defueling with fuel leaks = Implement the emergency response plan Signup and view all the answers

Match the aircraft operation scenario to its designated safety equipment:

Fuel servicing inside hangars = Two extinguishers within 100 feet of aircraft Wet wing defueling = One extinguisher within 100 feet Medical evacuation operations = Notify fire department ahead of time Defueling damaged aircraft = Follow emergency protocols for fuel leaks Signup and view all the answers

Match fire safety equipment to the appropriate operational context:

Concurrent servicing during sorties = Two extinguishers near the aircraft Hot refueling = Two extinguishers closer to aircraft vent Aircraft parked in shelters = Fire extinguishers positioned every 200 feet Wet wing defueling = One fire extinguisher must be present Signup and view all the answers

Match the aircraft servicing contexts with their required fire safety measures:

Loading/unloading munitions = Each Flow through/revetment must have an extinguisher Aircraft serviced inside A/F 37T10/11 = One extinguisher inside hush house being used Concurrent servicing during medical transport = Notify of passenger count on board Hot refueling operations = Extinguishers located within 100 feet and manned Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Aircraft Ground Servicing Safety Procedures

Housekeeping: Maintain a clean environment for safe and efficient operations. Aircraft parking areas, servicing aprons, fuel vehicles, and support equipment compartments must be free of debris and fluids (oil, hydraulics, grease, fuel). Spill control procedures must be followed if fluids are spilled.

Aircraft Fluids and Fuels

Flammability Hazards: Aircraft fluids (jet fuel, hydraulics, lubricants) are flammable and potential fire hazards. JP-4 fuel vapors form flammable mixtures at temperatures above -10°F.
Flash Point: The flash point of JP-4 fuel is -10°F. This is the temperature at which vapors form a flammable concentration without ignition. JP-8 fuel is relatively safer (flash point +100°F). Even JP-8 and JP-5 can become flammable when pressurized into a mist like a spray.
Flammability Limits: Lower Flammable Limit (LFL) is the minimum concentration for ignition, and the Upper Flammable Limit (UFL) is the maximum concentration for flammable propagation. These limits are laboratory-based and not directly applicable for direct aircraft servicing. Fuel vapors are heavier than air.

Refueling

Pressure Leaks: Pressurized refueling operations create a risk of leaks from equipment, pipes, and hoses. Leaks can produce spray/mist. This can cause a fire, even if the fuel's flash point is higher.
Ignition Sources: Carefully eliminate all ignition sources during servicing. Common sources include sparks from metal contact, electrical arcing, and hot surfaces. Even small sparks will ignite JP-4 fuel vapors. Less volatile fuels may not ignite unless in direct contact.

Hot Surfaces

High Temperatures: Hot surfaces like brakes, bleed air ducts, and engine parts constitute major ignition points (above 750°F). Any glowing metal exceeds 900°F and are ignition sources.
Fire Spread: Aircraft fires spread rapidly. Flame temperatures (approximately 2000°F) easily exceed the melting point of aluminum alloys (1000°F), demanding immediate fire suppression.

Servicing Supervisor Responsibilities

Supervision: The servicing supervisor is responsible for overall safety precautions and procedures. This includes personnel assignment, monitoring, and control.
Equipment Verification: Verify fuel type, equipment positioning, fire extinguisher placement, and grounding/bonding. Ensure essential equipment is shut down and non-essential personnel/equipment are evacuated.
Communication: Maintain continuous communication between the supervisor and operators/flight crews, especially for aircraft with an onboard intercom.
Single Point Receptacle (SPR): Connection ensures proper nozzle locking. Defective nozzles must be removed.

Fuel Servicing Safety Zone (FSSZ)

Zone Definition: The 50-foot zone around fuel/water/etc. servicing components & aircraft vents. This encompasses open areas and inside hangars/shelters. Aircraft interiors are excluded unless portions are exposed via open canopies, ramps, doors.
Ignition Sources: Remove all active ignition sources (open flames, sparks from machinery, electrical arcing) during fuel movement.

Aircraft Being Serviced

Non-essential Systems: Deactivate non-essential electrical systems (radar). Only necessary systems should be operating.
Walkaround Inspections: Air crew may perform power-off walk arounds when required.

Adjacent Aircraft

Restrictions: Aircraft parked in a fuel servicing safety zone cannot start engines, use external electrical operations (welding, NDI, etc), or be driven unless specifically permitted.

Servicing Constraints

Personnel Restrictions: Only necessary personnel stay within the fuel servicing safety zone, except in certain cases with air crews/passengers.
Smoking Restrictions: No smoking within 50 feet of aircraft or servicing operations.
Weather/Emergency: Do not start servicing if lightning is within 5 nautical miles, hazardous winds are present, or fire is nearby.
Fire Protection Restrictions: Stop all fuel servicing if an aircraft crash/fire occurs on the airfield, or if an Inflight Emergency (IFE) or crash warning causes fire vehicles to leave the scene. Aircraft may not be refueled if hot brakes are suspected.

Fire Protection Equipment and Deployment

Fire Extinguisher Placement: Fire extinguishers are vital for immediate fire suppression. Placement is determined during local risk assessments by consideration of the particular servicing operation (hot vs. non-hot fueling).
Types and Quantity: Table 3-1 details types and quantities of fire extinguishers and safety areas in different refueling operations.
Standby Requirements (ARFF): Airfield fire engines (ARFF) requirements are determined by the situation: Concurrent Servicing Operations (CSO), multiple refueling pits, etc.

Powered Support Equipment (SE)

Positioning and Operation: SE not needed should be shut down before operations, and parked outside the FSSZ. Parking brakes on SE are required. Exhaust outlets must not be pointed at aircraft when starting. An operator must remain near the SE at all times. Do not refuel operating SE, or when exhaust is hot.

General Procedures

Chocks: Using approved chocks and adequate clearance.
Monitoring: Monitor fuel gauges during refueling.
Hose Routing: Route refuelling hoses carefully, avoiding engines and APUs. Chocks are mandatory.
Grounding/Bonding: Properly ground/bond conductive aircraft maintenance, work stands, and ladders.
Abnormal/Slow Fill: Investigate quickly if a tank fills abnormally slow.
Communication: Clear communication with the Maintenance Operation Center (MOC) and other emergency agencies is necessary if there is a spill or fire.

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Description

Test your knowledge on aircraft fluids and fuels with this quiz. Match terms, definitions, safety practices, and environmental risks related to fuel servicing. Ensure you understand the importance of safety measures in the Fuel Servicing Safety Zone (FSSZ).