Agrarian Reform in the Philippines
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary way lands are to be distributed to workers during the specified period?

  • Directly to individual worker-beneficiaries (correct)
  • Via private sector allocation
  • By communal sharing among groups
  • Through government auction

    • What option is presented if it is not economically feasible to divide the land?

  • Distribute it equally among community members
  • Create a workers' cooperative or association (correct)
  • Sell it to private investors
  • Form a governmental oversight committee

    • What type of agreements are mentioned for the cooperative or association to engage in?

  • Supplier contracts
  • Public service contracts
  • Lease or growers agreements (correct)
  • Employment contracts

    • Which of the following is not stated as a reason for forming a workers' cooperative?

    <p>To facilitate economic growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What steps will the government take regarding the lands during the specified period?

    <p>They will acquire the lands for distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What program did the younger Aquino implement to provide financial support for crop production?

    <p>Agrarian Production Credit Program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key initiatives launched under President Duterte's administration related to agrarian reform?

    <p>Second phase of agrarian reform</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which program was created to ensure the faster resolution of agrarian-related legal cases?

    <p>Legal Case Monitoring System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Executive Order No. 26 primarily aimed at enhancing?

    <p>National Greening Program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the critical goals of the Agrarian Reform Community Connectivity and Economic Support Services project?

    <p>Rural poverty reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach did Duterte prioritize in his aggressive land reform program?

    <p>Support services alongside land distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant land reform action did Duterte take in Boracay?

    <p>Placing 400 hectares of agricultural land under CARP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiative did the Department of Agrarian Reform pursue to address case backlogs?

    <p>Oplan Zero Backlog</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the agrarian reform program?

    <p>To enable landless farmers to own the lands they till</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following aspects is emphasized for the welfare of farmers and farmworkers?

    <p>Social justice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for achieving equitable land distribution?

    <p>Incorporating ecological needs of the nation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the program aim to improve the quality of life for farmers?

    <p>By enhancing their dignity through productivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant aspect of land ownership as outlined in the content?

    <p>Farmers have the right to own lands collectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the basis of Philippine agriculture, according to the content?

    <p>Owner cultivatorship of economic-sized farms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which rights are acknowledged in relation to landowners during the agrarian reform?

    <p>Rights to just compensation for their land</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept of 'owner cultivatorship' related to?

    <p>Farmers maintaining economic-sized farms they own</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must happen before a new agreement can be entered into by the workers' cooperative?

    <p>An agreement must exist between the former landowner and the corporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is prohibited under the Act regarding the benefits of worker-beneficiaries?

    <p>Reduction or diminution of benefits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which section of the Act discusses production and income-sharing applicable to multinational corporations?

    <p>Section 32</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What support is provided to new owners during the transition period?

    <p>Training in modern technology for production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must existing agreements be between for them to be respected under this Act?

    <p>Workers' cooperative and the corporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the term 'vested right' as mentioned in the context of the Act?

    <p>Rights that are permanently assigned to beneficiaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the scope of the Act regarding existing agreements?

    <p>Respects former agreements until new ones are made</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of the Act on multinational corporations regarding their operational structure?

    <p>Enhances compliance requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum area of agricultural land that a landowner can retain according to the specified limits?

    <p>5 hectares</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factors determine the size of agricultural land allowable for retention?

    <p>Commodity produced, terrain, infrastructure, and soil fertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for determining factors affecting viable family-size farms?

    <p>The Presidential Agrarian Reform Council (PARC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is false regarding the retention limits?

    <p>All agricultural land ownership is permitted without limits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Retention of agricultural land is limited based on which of the following criteria?

    <p>Combination of multiple specified factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of Republic Act No. 1160 enacted during Ramon Magsaysay's presidency?

    <p>To abolish the Land Settlement Development Corporation and resettle landless farmers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which law, enacted during Diosdado Macapagal's presidency, aimed to abolish share tenancy in agriculture?

    <p>Republic Act No. 3844</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which law established the Land Tenure Administration responsible for large tenanted land acquisition?

    <p>Republic Act No. 1400</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the interest rate range for loans provided to small farmers under Republic Act No. 821?

    <p>6 to 8 percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization replaced the National Land Settlement Administration in 1950?

    <p>Land Settlement Development Corporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Agricultural Land Reform Code of 1963 provide for tenant farmers?

    <p>Security of tenure and rights of preemption and redemption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which act created the framework for agricultural tenancy in 1954?

    <p>Republic Act No. 1199</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many hectares were set as the retention limit under the Agricultural Land Reform Code?

    <p>75 hectares</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Agrarian Reform in the Philippines

    • Agrarian reform rectifies the agricultural system, crucial for the Philippine economy as half the population is employed in agriculture.
    • It focuses on the connection between production and land distribution, and the economic/political class structures underlying these relationships.
    • Colonial history significantly impacted the Philippines' agrarian problems.

    Land Ownership under Spanish Rule

    • Spanish colonization introduced pueblo agriculture, organizing rural communities into pueblos but not allowing individual land ownership.
    • Filipinos cultivated lands owned by the Spanish king, paying tributes in agricultural products.
    • Through the Law of the Indies, religious orders, military rewards, and encomiendas (managed lands) were organized giving Filipinos no land rights.
    • Encomienda system allowed encomenderos to extract resources and services from Filipinos making them pay low prices for products.
    • The hacienda system developed in the 19th-century, focused on world exports where Filipinos became tied to the global market while haciendas were large, privately owned estates.

    Land Ownership under American Rule

    • The Americans recognized landlessness as a social issue and attempted land reforms.
    • The Philippines Bill of 1902 established land ownership limits.
    • The Torrens system was introduced for accurate land records (Act No. 496)
    • The homestead program (1903) allowed tenant farmers to own land.
    • But the system did not significantly improve landownership; many Filipinos remained landless or were forced into tenancy.
    • The Sakdal Uprising (1935) was a peasant rebellion caused by land inequality.

    Post-War Agrarian Interventions

    • Rehabilitation efforts focused on addressing land problems after World War II.
    • Republic Act 34 established tenant/landlord 70-30 sharing arrangements.
    • The Land Settlement Development Corporation (LASEDECO), under President Quirino, was established.
    • President Magsaysay pursued comprehensive land reforms and gained congress support for Republic Act No. 1199, or the Agricultural Tenancy Act. This governed relationships between landholders and tenants
    • The Agricultural Tenancy Commission and the Agricultural Credit and Cooperative Financing Administration were established to strengthen tenancy rights and aid farmer access to credit.

    Agrarian Reform under Marcos

    • President Marcos implemented various land reform decrees, including the Code of Agrarian Reform, during martial law.
    • These reforms aimed to end sharecropping, improve peasant's rights and redistribute agricultural land.  

    Agrarian Reform under subsequent administrations

    • Subsequent leaders like President Macapagal, Aquino, Arroyo, and others introduced measures like the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL) and its subsequent extensions, intended to further address the issue of land tenure.
    • These administrations attempted to redistribute land, improve farmer rights, but faced challenges such as bureaucratic obstacles and resistance from landowners.

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    Agrarian Reform Policies in the Philippines PDF

    Description

    Explore the complexities of agrarian reform in the Philippines, focusing on the historical context of land ownership and production. This quiz examines the impacts of colonial history on agrarian structures and the socio-economic implications for the Filipino population. Test your knowledge on how these factors shaped current agricultural practices and land distribution.

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