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Questions and Answers
What is one of the main goals of the PACE program?
What is one of the main goals of the PACE program?
Senior centers deliver only 40% of the services available to older Americans.
Senior centers deliver only 40% of the services available to older Americans.
False
What does the AOA stand for in the network supporting older Americans?
What does the AOA stand for in the network supporting older Americans?
Administration on Aging
The _____ program provides preventive, primary, acute, and long-term care services to older individuals.
The _____ program provides preventive, primary, acute, and long-term care services to older individuals.
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Match the following to their respective focus:
Match the following to their respective focus:
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Which of the following is NOT considered a common chronic disease in the elderly?
Which of the following is NOT considered a common chronic disease in the elderly?
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Chronic diseases are defined as conditions that last less than 1 year.
Chronic diseases are defined as conditions that last less than 1 year.
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Name one pre-existing health problem that may be associated with chronic diseases.
Name one pre-existing health problem that may be associated with chronic diseases.
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Activities of daily living (ADLs) include eating, bathing, and ________.
Activities of daily living (ADLs) include eating, bathing, and ________.
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Match the following activities with their categories:
Match the following activities with their categories:
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Which of the following best describes instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)?
Which of the following best describes instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)?
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Loss of functional ability with aging can affect basic activities of daily living.
Loss of functional ability with aging can affect basic activities of daily living.
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By what year are those 65 years of age and older projected to outnumber children under the age of 18?
By what year are those 65 years of age and older projected to outnumber children under the age of 18?
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The population of individuals aged 85 and older is decreasing.
The population of individuals aged 85 and older is decreasing.
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What is expected to happen to the percentage of Americans aged 65 and older by 2060?
What is expected to happen to the percentage of Americans aged 65 and older by 2060?
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The aging population is primarily a result of increasing life expectancy and decreasing __________.
The aging population is primarily a result of increasing life expectancy and decreasing __________.
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Match the projected demographic changes with their corresponding years:
Match the projected demographic changes with their corresponding years:
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What percentage of the population aged 65 and older is expected to be nonwhite in 2050?
What percentage of the population aged 65 and older is expected to be nonwhite in 2050?
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The need for services to manage chronic health conditions will decrease as the population ages.
The need for services to manage chronic health conditions will decrease as the population ages.
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What specific needs will Medicare beneficiaries with multiple chronic conditions require?
What specific needs will Medicare beneficiaries with multiple chronic conditions require?
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By 2034, the number of older people will substantially increase due to the aging of ________ boomers.
By 2034, the number of older people will substantially increase due to the aging of ________ boomers.
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What type of care does a residential care community provide?
What type of care does a residential care community provide?
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Home health agencies offer full-time nursing care in patients' homes.
Home health agencies offer full-time nursing care in patients' homes.
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What is one key service provided by hospice care?
What is one key service provided by hospice care?
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Adult day care serves as a __________ alternative to a residential care facility.
Adult day care serves as a __________ alternative to a residential care facility.
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Match the following services with their primary focus:
Match the following services with their primary focus:
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Which service might provide transportation for clients?
Which service might provide transportation for clients?
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Adult day care is aimed solely at seniors living in their own homes.
Adult day care is aimed solely at seniors living in their own homes.
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What type of therapy can home health agencies provide?
What type of therapy can home health agencies provide?
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Hospice care includes emotional and __________ support for patients and families.
Hospice care includes emotional and __________ support for patients and families.
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Which of the following is NOT typically provided by home health agencies?
Which of the following is NOT typically provided by home health agencies?
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What percentage of people aged 85 and older had at least one type of disability according to the survey?
What percentage of people aged 85 and older had at least one type of disability according to the survey?
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Dementia has no impact on cognitive functions such as memory and problem-solving skills.
Dementia has no impact on cognitive functions such as memory and problem-solving skills.
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What is the most common cause of dementia?
What is the most common cause of dementia?
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Medicaid acts as supplemental insurance for the elderly and disabled by covering their ______ premiums.
Medicaid acts as supplemental insurance for the elderly and disabled by covering their ______ premiums.
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Which of the following is a benefit covered by Medicaid but not by Medicare?
Which of the following is a benefit covered by Medicaid but not by Medicare?
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Medicare is divided into six parts.
Medicare is divided into six parts.
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Name one of the most debilitating conditions accompanied by functional impairments among older adults.
Name one of the most debilitating conditions accompanied by functional impairments among older adults.
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Medicaid is the primary payer for ______ services.
Medicaid is the primary payer for ______ services.
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Match the following Medicare parts with their description:
Match the following Medicare parts with their description:
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What is the impact of Medicaid spousal impoverishment provisions?
What is the impact of Medicaid spousal impoverishment provisions?
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Study Notes
Aging, Health, and Long-Term Care
- The population aged 65 and older will significantly increase by 2030.
- More healthcare services will be needed to manage chronic and acute health conditions, especially for frail elderly with functional impairments and chronic conditions.
- Care coordination for Medicare beneficiaries will be crucial.
- The number of older people has substantially increased since the first baby boomers turned 65 in 2011.
- By 2034, those aged 65 and older are projected to outnumber children under 18.
- By 2060, nearly one in four Americans will be at least 65 years old.
- The aging population increase is due to rising life expectancy and decreasing fertility rates.
- The old-old (85+) population is the fastest growing segment.
- The percentage of those aged 65 and older is projected to grow much slower after 2030.
- In 2050, 53% of the population will be non-white, compared to 21% in 2014.
Common Health Problems in an Aging Population
- Chronic diseases last for a year or more, requiring ongoing medical attention and limiting daily activities.
- Common chronic diseases in the elderly include arthritis, stroke, diabetes, chronic lower respiratory diseases, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease.
- People with chronic diseases may have pre-existing health issues, such as alcoholism, substance abuse, mental illness, and developmental disabilities.
Basic and Complex Activities of Daily Living
- Loss of functional abilities like vision, hearing, mobility, communication, cognition, and self-care can occur with aging.
- Loss of complex thinking and organizational skills, instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) are also common.
- Basic Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) include activities like eating, bathing, dressing, maintaining personal hygiene, and mobility.
- In 2016, 69% of people aged 85 and older had at least one type of disability.
Medicare for Older Adults
- Medicare benefits primarily cover the treatment of acute illnesses requiring hospitalization and short-term skilled nursing care.
- Medicare services include rehabilitation centers, nursing homes, and home healthcare.
- Medicare is divided into four parts: Part A (hospital insurance), Part B (medical insurance), Part C (Medicare Advantage), and Part D (prescription drug coverage).
- Deductibles and copayments are included.
Medicaid for Older Adults
- Medicaid provides supplemental insurance for elderly and disabled individuals.
- It covers a range of services not covered by Medicare.
- Medicaid pays Medicare premiums and covers prescription drugs.
- The Medicaid program is the primary payer for long-term services and supports (LTSS).
- It protects resources of the spouse living in the community through spousal impoverishment provisions.
Long-Term Services and Supports (LTSS)
- Long-term health care services for people who are unable to perform basic daily activities (ADLs) due to a physical or mental impairment.
- Preadmission Screening and Resident Review (PASRR) is used.
- Long-term care facilities include inpatient psychiatric services for individuals under 21, nursing facilities (NF), and skilled nursing facilities (SNF).
- Services include inpatient psychiatric services for individuals under 21, services for individuals aged 65 and older in institutions for mental diseases, nursing facilities (NF) and skilled nursing facilities (SNF).
Community Long-Term Care Services
- Privately funded long-term care services, regulated by states and federal governments.
- Care includes community-based services such as adult day care, residential care communities, home health agencies, and hospices.
National Study of Long-Term Care Providers
- The study was conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS).
- The 2016 data on long-term care services involved more than 8.3 million people.
- 65,000 long-term care providers.
Types of Long-Term Care Providers
- Residential care communities
- Nursing homes
- Home health agencies
- Adult day programs
- Hospices
Health Literacy
- Limited health literacy affects various demographics (age, race, income, education) disproportionately.
- Health literacy includes understanding health information like instructions on prescription drug bottles, medical appointment slips, education brochures, and consent forms.
- Managing complex healthcare systems.
- Limited health literacy can lead to worse health outcomes and higher costs.
Personnel Needs
- Healthcare professionals will routinely serve older adults.
- This will cause an increase in healthcare professional workload and requirements.
- A lack of personnel prepared for caring for the aging population is a current shortage. Need for more interprofessional education and specific training in geriatrics, ethnic and racial groups.
Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE)
- Aims to provide comprehensive preventive, primary, acute, and long-term care services to elderly individuals with chronic needs so they can continue living in the community.
- Medicare and Medicaid benefits are collected through a single delivery system.
- PACE reduce administrative burdens and improve care coordination.
The Aging Network
- A system of federal, state, and local entities supports older Americans in living independently.
- Organizations like the Administration on Aging, state aging units, Area Agencies on Aging, and Title VI Native American programs.
- Senior centers are a focal point, where many services are delivered.
Demographic Trends and Projections
- Disease and disability rates differ significantly by race and ethnicity.
- Shifts are expected in the U.S. population, with a decrease in the Caucasian population and an increase in other racial groups.
- Healthcare professionals and organizations need to provide culture competence and tailored approaches for diverse ethnic and racial groups.
Additional Notes
- Adult day care supplements or replaces home care.
- Adult day care provides supervision, therapeutic treatment, social and recreational activities.
- Non-medical care facilities (residential care communities/assisted living facilities) provide housing, meals, housekeeping, medication management, assistance with ADLs and recreational activities .
- Home health agencies provide part-time nursing and medical care in patient's homes including physical, occupational, and speech therapies as well as social services and medical supplies/equipment.
- Hospice care focuses on providing pain and symptom management with emotional, psychological, and spiritual support to individuals and their families when conventional treatment is no longer helping or valuable .
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Description
This quiz covers key aspects of aging and healthcare needs for the elderly population. It highlights statistics related to population growth among those aged 65 and older and discusses common health problems faced by this demographic. Understanding care coordination for older adults is also emphasized as a crucial topic.
