Age Changes in Oral Tissues
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the change seen in enamel with age?

  • Enamel exhibits a darkening in color. (correct)
  • The thickness of the enamel increases due to secondary deposition.
  • Enamel becomes less susceptible to chipping.
  • Increased presence of perikymata and imbrication lines.

    • What causes the reduction in enamel thickness as a person ages?

  • Reduction in the number of odontoblasts.
  • Increased number of tubules in enamel.
  • Abrasion and attrition. (correct)
  • The presence of reparative dentine.

    • Which of the following best describes secondary dentine?

  • It is characterized by an increased number of tubules.
  • It is formed slowly over time in response to stimuli. (correct)
  • It is produced by the original odontoblasts and forms part of the structure of the tooth.
  • It is less organized and acellular than primary dentine.

    • What is a characteristic of sclerotic or transparent dentine?

    <p>Its formation leads to the obliteration of dentinal tubules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    As a person ages, what is observed regarding odontoblasts?

    <p>A decline in the number of odontoblasts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are 'dead tracts' in dentine?

    <p>Areas of dentin where the odontoblasts have died, and they are filled with air.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs to the number of dentinal tubules as teeth age?

    <p>The number of tubules decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of aging?

    <p>A progressive decline in ability to respond effectively to a dynamic environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of tertiary dentine formation?

    <p>Response to injury or irritation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these describes 'true' pulp stones?

    <p>They exhibit traces of dentinal tubules and presence of odontoblasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a typical change seen in the cementum with age?

    <p>Reduced deposition of cementum at the root apex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs to cells of the periodontal ligament (PDL) as a person ages?

    <p>Appearance of multinucleated fibroblastic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to cementicles with age?

    <p>They may fuse into large calcified masses or join with cementum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of the age-related reduction of bone height?

    <p>Tooth loss leading to loss of facial height</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which change is NOT characteristic of the oral mucosa in older adults?

    <p>Increased elasticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some of the age-related changes to the tongue?

    <p>Fissuring and depapillation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is associated with the age-related changes in salivary glands?

    <p>Increase in fibrous tissues, fat cells, and inflammatory cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of diminished salivary output with age?

    <p>Dry mouth (xerostomia)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Age Changes in Oral Tissues

    • Age is a natural stage in human life, leading to changes in oral tissues.
    • After age 65, there is a decline in the ability to adapt to changes in the environment.
    • These age-related changes are not considered pathological.
    • Aging results in a general decline in cellular function and increased susceptibility to disease.

    Enamel

    • Perikymata and imbrication lines diminish.
    • Enamel becomes more brittle and susceptible to chipping.
    • Enamel may darken.
    • Enamel thickness decreases, leading to tooth wear due to abrasion and attrition.

    Dentine

    • Reparative or secondary dentine forms.
    • The number of dentinal tubules decreases.
    • Odontoblast numbers decline also.
    • Dead tracts may develop.
    • Dentine might become sclerotic or transparent.
    • Tertiary dentine forms in response to injury.
    • Peritubular and intertubular dentine are components of dentine.

    Pulp

    • Pulp size progressively decreases due to secondary dentine formation.
    • Pulp's cellularity, vascularity, and innervation diminish.
    • Pulp may become more fibrous.
    • Pulp stones can form. Some are true and some are false.

    Cementum

    • Cementum continues to be deposited throughout life.
    • The deposition of cementum is rhythmic.
    • At the root apex, cementum deposits tend to be more profuse.
    • Cementum may thicken (hypercementosis).

    Periodontal Ligament (PDL)

    • Cellular density of the periodontal ligament decreases.
    • Fat cells may appear in the PDL.
    • Multinucleated fibroblastic cells may be seen.
    • Cementicles can form, consisting of calcified bodies, freely located or fused together.
    • Increased susceptibility to periodontal disease may occur.

    Alveolar Bone

    • Progressive reduction in alveolar bone height occurs.
    • Alveolar bone atrophy results from tooth loss.
    • Bone healing may be delayed due to a decline in the cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX2) enzyme.
    • Loss of facial height can occur.

    Oral Mucosa

    • Mucosal thickness or elasticity may decrease.
    • Trauma or disease can alter the clinical appearance.
    • Hypofunction of salivary glands may occur.
    • Immunological responsiveness declines over time.

    Oral Mucosa - Tongue

    • Tongue papillae may decrease (depapillation).
    • Fissures may form on the tongue.
    • Taste buds degenerate and their total numbers may decrease.

    Salivary Glands

    • Salivary tissue decreases, replaced by fibrous tissue, fat cells, inflammatory cells, and oncocytes.
    • Salivary gland output diminishes, leading to dry mouth (xerostomia).

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    Description

    Explore the effects of aging on oral tissues in this quiz. Understand how age influences enamel, dentine, and pulp, highlighting the physiological changes that occur as we grow older. Delve into the functional implications and what these changes mean for oral health.

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