Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a characteristic of alveolar bone changes with age?
What is a characteristic of alveolar bone changes with age?
- Increased vascularity
- Greater irregularity in the surface facing periodontal ligament (correct)
- Decreased bone resorption
- Increased osteogenesis
What is a difference in supragingival plaque composition with age?
What is a difference in supragingival plaque composition with age?
- Increased number of enteric rods and pseudomonads
- Qualitative differences in plaque composition
- Decreased number of streptococci
- No real qualitative differences (correct)
Why do older individuals demonstrate more inflammation?
Why do older individuals demonstrate more inflammation?
- Due to a weaker immune system
- Due to long-standing exposure to chronic mechanical trauma (correct)
- Due to increased periodontal pathogens
- Due to decreased cytokine production
What is a characteristic of periodontal pathogens with age?
What is a characteristic of periodontal pathogens with age?
Why is age not considered a true risk factor for periodontitis?
Why is age not considered a true risk factor for periodontitis?
What is necessary to prevent continued loss of attachment?
What is necessary to prevent continued loss of attachment?
What happens if effective periodontal therapy is not provided?
What happens if effective periodontal therapy is not provided?
What is a characteristic of bone graft preparations from older donors?
What is a characteristic of bone graft preparations from older donors?
What is aging of an organ defined as?
What is aging of an organ defined as?
What is the effect of aging on the keratinization of gingival epithelium?
What is the effect of aging on the keratinization of gingival epithelium?
What is the effect of aging on the width of the attached gingiva?
What is the effect of aging on the width of the attached gingiva?
What happens to the collagen in the gingival connective tissue with aging?
What happens to the collagen in the gingival connective tissue with aging?
What is the effect of aging on the number of fibroblasts in the gingival connective tissue?
What is the effect of aging on the number of fibroblasts in the gingival connective tissue?
What happens to the cementum width with aging?
What happens to the cementum width with aging?
What is the effect of aging on the vascularity of the periodontium?
What is the effect of aging on the vascularity of the periodontium?
What is the effect of aging on the mitotic activity of cells in the periodontal ligament?
What is the effect of aging on the mitotic activity of cells in the periodontal ligament?
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Study Notes
Aging and Periodontium
- Aging is characterized as a disintegration of balanced control and organization, leading to decreased functional ability of organs.
- Aging of an organ is defined as post-maturational deteriorative changes that increase vulnerability to challenges.
Effects of Aging on Periodontium
- Thinning of gingival epithelium:
- Decreased keratinization
- Increased epithelial permeability to pathogens
- Decreased resistance to functional trauma
- Changes in connective tissue:
- More dense and coarse
- Qualitative and quantitative changes to collagen
- Increased collagen stabilization
- Decreased number of fibroblasts, irregular structure, and decreased organic matrix production
- Decreased epithelial cell rests and collagen fibers, reducing tissue elasticity
Changes in Periodontal Ligament (PDL)
- Decreased number of cells with reduced mitotic activity
- Changes in width of PDL and decreased vascularity
- Greater number of elastic fibers
- Increased width of cementum (5-10 times) with age, especially apically and lingually
Changes in Alveolar Bone
- Increased osteoporosis and decreased vascularity
- Bone resorption increased or decreased
- Greater irregularity in surface facing PDL
Effects of Aging on Periodontal Disease
- Increased dentogingival plaque accumulation with age and increasing surface area
- Changes in subgingival plaque composition, with increased enteric rods and pseudomonads in older adults
- Periodontal pathogens, including P. GINGIVALIS, play a more significant role in older adults
Response to Treatment
- No differences in response to non-surgical or surgical treatment have been shown for periodontitis
- Importance of plaque control and effective periodontal therapy to prevent disease progression with age
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