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What is the primary factor that influences the efficiency of a humidifier?
Which term describes a gas containing fine solid particles or liquid droplets?
What is the role of MMAD in respiratory therapy?
In terms of body humidity, what range is considered optimal for human comfort?
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Which process describes molecules settling out of a solution?
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What is the most effective approach for treating upper airway inflammation?
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Which solution is considered hypertonic?
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What is a potential hazard of bland aerosol therapy?
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Which type of nebulizer is commonly used to administer SABA and LABA medications?
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What is the primary purpose of sputum induction?
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What is a primary use of continuous nebulization?
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Which of the following is NOT a medication typically administered via MOIS/OPIS?
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What should a patient do after administering steroids through inhalation to prevent side effects?
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What is the saturated water vapor pressure at body temperature according to BTPS standards?
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Which device is beneficial for enhancing the cold steam effect in aerosol therapy?
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What is the primary mechanism by which the bubble-diffusion humidifier increases humidity?
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At which temperature should heated humidifiers be set for intubated patients?
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What should be done with condensate in a humidifier to prevent hazards?
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In aerosol therapy, which of the following is an indication for its use?
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Which type of humidifier captures exhaled heat and moisture to humidify the next breath?
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Where is the Isothermic Saturation Boundary (ISB) located in relation to the carina?
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What does BTPS stand for in relation to the inspired gas at the ISB?
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What can be a potential side effect of using steroids in aerosol delivery devices?
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Which delivery method utilizes a device that fits snugly around the face?
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How do temperature and humidity behave above the ISB during respiration?
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Which of the following is NOT considered a proper method of patient identification?
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What is the primary source of power for the Ultrasonic Nebulizers (USN)?
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What does the 'Route' refer to in the Five Patient Rights?
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Which device is specifically designed for the administration of Ribavirin?
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At what flow rate is aerosol delivery recommended for certain devices?
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Study Notes
Aerosol Therapy
- Fine solid particles or liquid droplets suspended in a gas
- Used for retained secretions and delivery of medications to the airways
-
Humidification: Adding water vapor to the air to increase humidity
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Bubble Diffusion: Gas is directed underwater, forming bubbles that increase evaporation
- Primarily affected by gas flow rate
- Passover: Air passes over a water source, increasing evaporation
- HME (Heat & Moisture Exchanger): Captures exhaled warmth and moisture, heating and humidifying inspired air
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Bubble Diffusion: Gas is directed underwater, forming bubbles that increase evaporation
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Types of Humidifiers:
- Bubble
- Passover
- HME (Heat & Moisture Exchanger)
- Heated Humidifiers: Used for intubated (37°C) and mask-ventilated (31°C to 34°C) patients
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Hazards:
- Condensation: Needs to be treated as infectious waste
- Infection: Risk of airway contamination
- Airway Reactivity: Can trigger bronchospasms
- Systemic Effects: Can affect the body's other systems
- Drug Reconcentration: Medications can become concentrated within the device
- Over-hydration: Can lead to thick secretions due to aerosol swelling
- Condensation hazards: Treat as infectious waste, install heated circuits, and avoid draining condensate into the reservoir
Bland Aerosol Therapy
- Delivering a sterile water solution to the airways
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Solutions:
- Isotonic: 0.9% NaCl (sodium chloride)
- Hypotonic: Less than 0.9% NaCl
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Hypertonic: More than 0.9% NaCl, usually 3%, 5%, 7%, or 9% NaCl
- Usually preferred over hypotonic solutions
Small-Volume Nebulizers (SVN)
- Devices used for delivering various medications:
- SABA (Short-Acting Beta Agonists)
- LABA (Long-Acting Beta Agonists)
- Antibiotics
Continuous Nebulization
- Large-volume nebulizers, delivering medication for extended periods (1 hour or more)
- Often used for refractory bronchospasms
Mouthpiece, Mask, & Blow-By Delivery Methods
- Mouthpiece: Patient inhales directly through the device
- Snug-fitting mask: Mask worn by the patient
- Blow-by: Air is delivered near the patient's face
- Used with all devices
Ultrasonic Nebulizers (USN)
- Electrically powered: Utilizes electricity to operate
- High-frequency vibrations: Generates vibrations using a piezoelectric crystal
- Aerosol droplet generation: Vibrations create fine aerosol droplets
Other Aerosol Delivery Devices
- Small Particle Aerosol Generator (SPAG): Used for Ribavirin medication for infants with RSV/Bronchiolitis
- Respirgard Nebulizer: Used for administering Pentamidine for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
Steroids
- May cause bronchospasms
Mucolytics
- Powered by DISS gas sources: Powered by DISS gas sources (Air or O2)
- Pulmo-Aide: Home use option for instances where DISS gas sources aren't available
ISB (Isothermic Saturation Boundary)
- Located approximately 5 to 6 cm below the carina
- Represents where inspired gas reaches BTPS (Body Temperature, Pressure, and Saturation) conditions
- Above the ISB, temperature and humidity fluctuate with inspiration and expiration
- Below the ISB, temperature and relative humidity remain relatively stable
Five Patient Rights:
- Patient Identification: Full Name, Date of Birth (DOB), Medical ID Number (NOT room number)
- Drug: Correct medication?
- Dose: Right dosage?
- Route: How should the medication be delivered?
- Time: Scheduled treatment window (usually 1 hour before or after)
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Description
This quiz covers the essentials of aerosol therapy, including the mechanisms of humidification and types of humidifiers used in clinical settings. Explore the importance of humidity in airway management and learn about the potential hazards associated with aerosol therapy. Perfect for healthcare professionals looking to enhance their knowledge.
