Adverse Drug Reactions & Management of Drug Poisoning
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Questions and Answers

What is an undesirable adverse drug response known as?

  • Side effect
  • Adverse drug reaction (correct)
  • Secondary effect
  • Toxicity

    • What type of adverse drug reaction has a higher incidence rate?

  • Type B
  • Toxicity
  • Type A (correct)
  • Secondary effect

    • What is the effect of reducing the dose on Type A adverse drug reactions?

  • It minimizes the adverse effects (correct)
  • It has no effect on the adverse effects
  • It increases the adverse effects
  • It eliminates the adverse effects

    • What is an example of a side effect of Dicyclomine?

    <p>Dryness of mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of toxicity due to pharmacokinetic reasons?

    <p>Nephrotoxicity due to gentamicin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are indirect consequences of the main pharmacodynamics action of a drug?

    <p>Secondary effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of suppression of bacterial flora by antibiotics and weakening of host defences after the use of corticosteroids?

    <p>Superinfection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction occurs when an individual is re-exposed to a drug they have been sensitised to?

    <p>Drug allergy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for diseases induced by drug therapy?

    <p>Iatrogenic disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for genetic abnormalities caused by drugs?

    <p>Mutagenicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential of drugs to cause malignancy known as?

    <p>Carcinogenicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an iatrogenic disease caused by the sudden discontinuation of a drug?

    <p>Rebound hypertension after abrupt withdrawal of propranolol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characterized by intense craving for the drug and presence of invariable tolerance?

    <p>Physical dependence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the feeling of emotional distress when the drug is not taken?

    <p>Psychological dependence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an adverse reaction to an abrupt discontinuation of a dependence-producing drug?

    <p>Withdrawal symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is an example of a benzodiazepine that can produce dependence?

    <p>Alprazolam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a doctor take before prescribing a drug to minimize ADR?

    <p>Complete medical history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate measure to minimize ADR in a patient with a history of allergy to a drug?

    <p>Take a proper medical history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is teratogenicity?

    <p>Impaired foetal development due to drugs given to pregnant mothers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for impaired foetal developments due to drugs given to pregnant mothers?

    <p>Teratogenicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the example of drug-induced photosensitivity given in the text?

    <p>Doxycycline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the patient's blood glucose level being raised in the given clinical case?

    <p>Due to the administration of glucocorticoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is drug dependence?

    <p>A physiological state of neuroadaptation resulting from repeated administration of the drug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is physical dependence?

    <p>An altered physiological state produced by repeated administration of a drug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of whole bowel irrigation in the treatment of drug poisoning?

    <p>To mechanically cleanse the entire intestinal tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to aspirin at acidic pH?

    <p>It becomes unionized and lipid soluble</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is alkalinization of urine done in the treatment of aspirin poisoning?

    <p>To increase the excretion of aspirin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism by which aspirin is excreted from the body at alkaline pH?

    <p>Ion trapping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of respiratory and cardiovascular support in the treatment of drug poisoning?

    <p>To maintain the patient's vital functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the administration of a substance that counteracts the effects of a poison?

    <p>Antidote</p> Signup and view all the answers

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