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Questions and Answers
What is the factor that affects the relative bioavailability of a drug?
What is the factor that affects the relative bioavailability of a drug?
- Food consumption
- Route of administration (correct)
- Dosing rate
- Clearance rate
What type of poisoning is food poisoning an example of?
What type of poisoning is food poisoning an example of?
- Organic bacterial poisoning (correct)
- Organic alkaloidal poisoning
- Inorganic poisoning
- Organic animal poisoning
What is the condition characterized by suspension of respiration and death?
What is the condition characterized by suspension of respiration and death?
- Drowning
- Asphyxia (correct)
- Syncope
- Coma
What is another name for nitrobenzene?
What is another name for nitrobenzene?
What is the antidote for magnesium salts?
What is the antidote for magnesium salts?
What is the primary toxicity of carbon tetrachloride?
What is the primary toxicity of carbon tetrachloride?
What is the process of washing out of an organ such as the stomach or bowel?
What is the process of washing out of an organ such as the stomach or bowel?
Which poison particularly affects the cardiac muscles?
Which poison particularly affects the cardiac muscles?
What is used to induce vomiting?
What is used to induce vomiting?
What is a banned toxic substance in bakery products?
What is a banned toxic substance in bakery products?
What is the fatal dose of aspirin?
What is the fatal dose of aspirin?
What are the symptoms of lysergic acid poisoning?
What are the symptoms of lysergic acid poisoning?
What is the cause of death in strychnine poisoning?
What is the cause of death in strychnine poisoning?
Which drug is responsible for major medical and socio-economic problems?
Which drug is responsible for major medical and socio-economic problems?
What is used to manage poisoning due to anticholinesterase?
What is used to manage poisoning due to anticholinesterase?
What are the primary signs of exposure to a certain substance?
What are the primary signs of exposure to a certain substance?
What metal is commonly used in water purification?
What metal is commonly used in water purification?
What is another name for lead oxide?
What is another name for lead oxide?
Which crop root contains manihotoxin?
Which crop root contains manihotoxin?
What is a physiological antidote for strychnine?
What is a physiological antidote for strychnine?
What is a characteristic of phencyclidine toxicity?
What is a characteristic of phencyclidine toxicity?
What is the characteristic odor of cyanide poisoning?
What is the characteristic odor of cyanide poisoning?
What is the primary active alkaloid of ipecac?
What is the primary active alkaloid of ipecac?
What type of poisoning is characterized by a sweet odor of vomitus?
What type of poisoning is characterized by a sweet odor of vomitus?
What is used to treat bismuth poisoning?
What is used to treat bismuth poisoning?
Why is milk given as an antidote in some poisonings?
Why is milk given as an antidote in some poisonings?
What causes shellfish toxicity?
What causes shellfish toxicity?
What is a common ingredient in mothballs?
What is a common ingredient in mothballs?
What converts hemoglobin to a chocolate brown color?
What converts hemoglobin to a chocolate brown color?
In which type of poisoning is dilution with water contraindicated?
In which type of poisoning is dilution with water contraindicated?
What is the poisonous substance in Lysol?
What is the poisonous substance in Lysol?
Where is saxitoxin found?
Where is saxitoxin found?
What is the antidote for formaldehyde poisoning?
What is the antidote for formaldehyde poisoning?
What is the universal antidote that contains starch?
What is the universal antidote that contains starch?
What is the antidote for iodine poisoning?
What is the antidote for iodine poisoning?
What vitamin is administered to patients with methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning?
What vitamin is administered to patients with methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning?
What is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose?
What is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose?
What is used to treat hydrocarbon insecticide poisoning?
What is used to treat hydrocarbon insecticide poisoning?
What is the antidote for methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning?
What is the antidote for methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning?
What is the specific antagonist for narcotic poisoning?
What is the specific antagonist for narcotic poisoning?
Study Notes
Clinical Toxicology
- Relative bioavailability is affected by dosing rate, clearance rate, and route of administration.
Poisoning and Toxins
- Food poisoning is an example of organic bacterial poisoning.
- Asphyxia is a condition of suspended respiration and death, which may begin at the lungs.
- Oil of mirbane is another name for nitrobenzene.
Antidotes and Treatments
- Insoluble sulfates are used as an antidote for magnesium salts.
- 4% tannic acid solution is used as an antidote for alkaloids.
- Lavage is the process of washing out an organ, such as the stomach or bowel.
- Syrup of ipecac is used to induce vomiting.
Toxic Substances
- Carbon tetrachloride is hepatotoxic.
- Strychnine particularly affects the cardiac muscles.
- Asphyxiants exert their effects by interfering with the oxidation of tissues.
- Potassium bromate is a banned toxic substance in bakery products.
Poisoning Effects and Symptoms
- Fatal dose of aspirin is 5 grams.
- Lysergic acid poisoning has symptoms of hallucinations and dilated pupils.
- Strychnine poisoning can cause death due to fatigue of the respiratory muscles.
Management and Treatment
- Atropine is used to manage anticholinesterase poisoning.
- Ethanol is used to treat poisoning due to anticholinesterase.
- Phencyclidine has a toxic syndrome of coma with open eyes and violence.
- Bitter almond odor is a symptom of cyanide poisoning.
Other
- Litharge is another name for lead oxide.
- Copper is used in water purification.
- Manihotoxin is found in cassava root.
- Phencyclidine has a toxic syndrome of coma with open eyes and violence.
- Cyanide poisoning has a bitter almond odor symptom.
- Ipecac has a principal active alkaloid of emetine.
- Turpentine has a sweet odor of vomitus.
- Picrotoxin is a poisonous principle of cocculus indicus used as a fish poison.
- EDTA is used to treat bismuth poisoning.
- Milk is given as an antidote because it coats the stomach.
- Dinoflagellates cause shellfish toxicity.
- Naphthalene is an ingredient in mothballs.
- Aniline converts red hemoglobin to a chocolate brown color.
- Cresol is the poisonous substance in Lysol.
- Saxitoxin is the poison found in marine animals.
Antidotes
- Methenamine is the best antidote for formaldehyde poisoning.
- Acetylcysteine is the antidote for Isoniazid poisoning.
- Sulfate is the antidote for magnesium salts.
- Starch is the universal antidote.
- Folic acid is used to enhance the elimination of toxic metabolite, formic acid, in methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning.
- Acetylcysteine is used to treat acetaminophen overdose.
- Ethanol is used to treat methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning.
- Thiamine is used to treat hydrocarbon insecticide poisoning.
- Potassium salt is used to treat digitalis poisoning.
- Nalorphine is the specific antagonist for narcotic poisoning.
- Apomorphine HCL is an injectable emetic.
- Citric Acid is an antidote for sodium hydroxide poisoning.
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Description
Assess your knowledge of pharmacology and toxicology concepts, including bioavailability, dosing rates, and types of poisoning.
