Pharmacology and Toxicology Quiz
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Pharmacology and Toxicology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the factor that affects the relative bioavailability of a drug?

  • Food consumption
  • Route of administration (correct)
  • Dosing rate
  • Clearance rate

    • What type of poisoning is food poisoning an example of?

  • Organic bacterial poisoning (correct)
  • Organic alkaloidal poisoning
  • Inorganic poisoning
  • Organic animal poisoning

    • What is the condition characterized by suspension of respiration and death?

  • Drowning
  • Asphyxia (correct)
  • Syncope
  • Coma

    • What is another name for nitrobenzene?

    <p>Oil of mirbane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the antidote for magnesium salts?

    <p>Insoluble sulfates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary toxicity of carbon tetrachloride?

    <p>Hepatotoxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of washing out of an organ such as the stomach or bowel?

    <p>Lavage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which poison particularly affects the cardiac muscles?

    <p>Digitoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to induce vomiting?

    <p>Syrup of ipecac</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a banned toxic substance in bakery products?

    <p>Potassium bromate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fatal dose of aspirin?

    <p>All of these</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of lysergic acid poisoning?

    <p>Hallucinations and dilated pupil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of death in strychnine poisoning?

    <p>Fatigue of respiratory muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is responsible for major medical and socio-economic problems?

    <p>Chloral hydrate and ethanol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to manage poisoning due to anticholinesterase?

    <p>Atropine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary signs of exposure to a certain substance?

    <p>Conjunctival and bronchial irritation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What metal is commonly used in water purification?

    <p>Copper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another name for lead oxide?

    <p>Lead oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which crop root contains manihotoxin?

    <p>Cassava</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a physiological antidote for strychnine?

    <p>Pilocarpine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of phencyclidine toxicity?

    <p>Coma with open eyes and violent syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic odor of cyanide poisoning?

    <p>Bitter almond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary active alkaloid of ipecac?

    <p>Emetine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of poisoning is characterized by a sweet odor of vomitus?

    <p>Chloroform and acetone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to treat bismuth poisoning?

    <p>dimecaprol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is milk given as an antidote in some poisonings?

    <p>it coats the stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes shellfish toxicity?

    <p>dinoflagellates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common ingredient in mothballs?

    <p>naphthalene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What converts hemoglobin to a chocolate brown color?

    <p>both a &amp; b</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of poisoning is dilution with water contraindicated?

    <p>sulfuric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the poisonous substance in Lysol?

    <p>phenol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is saxitoxin found?

    <p>marine animal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the antidote for formaldehyde poisoning?

    <p>Methenamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the universal antidote that contains starch?

    <p>Activated charcoal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the antidote for iodine poisoning?

    <p>Starch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What vitamin is administered to patients with methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning?

    <p>Folic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose?

    <p>Acetylcysteine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to treat hydrocarbon insecticide poisoning?

    <p>Ethanol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the antidote for methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning?

    <p>Ethanol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific antagonist for narcotic poisoning?

    <p>Nalorphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Clinical Toxicology

    • Relative bioavailability is affected by dosing rate, clearance rate, and route of administration.

    Poisoning and Toxins

    • Food poisoning is an example of organic bacterial poisoning.
    • Asphyxia is a condition of suspended respiration and death, which may begin at the lungs.
    • Oil of mirbane is another name for nitrobenzene.

    Antidotes and Treatments

    • Insoluble sulfates are used as an antidote for magnesium salts.
    • 4% tannic acid solution is used as an antidote for alkaloids.
    • Lavage is the process of washing out an organ, such as the stomach or bowel.
    • Syrup of ipecac is used to induce vomiting.

    Toxic Substances

    • Carbon tetrachloride is hepatotoxic.
    • Strychnine particularly affects the cardiac muscles.
    • Asphyxiants exert their effects by interfering with the oxidation of tissues.
    • Potassium bromate is a banned toxic substance in bakery products.

    Poisoning Effects and Symptoms

    • Fatal dose of aspirin is 5 grams.
    • Lysergic acid poisoning has symptoms of hallucinations and dilated pupils.
    • Strychnine poisoning can cause death due to fatigue of the respiratory muscles.

    Management and Treatment

    • Atropine is used to manage anticholinesterase poisoning.
    • Ethanol is used to treat poisoning due to anticholinesterase.
    • Phencyclidine has a toxic syndrome of coma with open eyes and violence.
    • Bitter almond odor is a symptom of cyanide poisoning.

    Other

    • Litharge is another name for lead oxide.
    • Copper is used in water purification.
    • Manihotoxin is found in cassava root.
    • Phencyclidine has a toxic syndrome of coma with open eyes and violence.
    • Cyanide poisoning has a bitter almond odor symptom.
    • Ipecac has a principal active alkaloid of emetine.
    • Turpentine has a sweet odor of vomitus.
    • Picrotoxin is a poisonous principle of cocculus indicus used as a fish poison.
    • EDTA is used to treat bismuth poisoning.
    • Milk is given as an antidote because it coats the stomach.
    • Dinoflagellates cause shellfish toxicity.
    • Naphthalene is an ingredient in mothballs.
    • Aniline converts red hemoglobin to a chocolate brown color.
    • Cresol is the poisonous substance in Lysol.
    • Saxitoxin is the poison found in marine animals.

    Antidotes

    • Methenamine is the best antidote for formaldehyde poisoning.
    • Acetylcysteine is the antidote for Isoniazid poisoning.
    • Sulfate is the antidote for magnesium salts.
    • Starch is the universal antidote.
    • Folic acid is used to enhance the elimination of toxic metabolite, formic acid, in methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning.
    • Acetylcysteine is used to treat acetaminophen overdose.
    • Ethanol is used to treat methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning.
    • Thiamine is used to treat hydrocarbon insecticide poisoning.
    • Potassium salt is used to treat digitalis poisoning.
    • Nalorphine is the specific antagonist for narcotic poisoning.
    • Apomorphine HCL is an injectable emetic.
    • Citric Acid is an antidote for sodium hydroxide poisoning.

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    Related Documents

    GREEN PACOP-Pharmacology, Clinical Toxicology Answer Key.pdf

    Description

    Assess your knowledge of pharmacology and toxicology concepts, including bioavailability, dosing rates, and types of poisoning.

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