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Questions and Answers
What is the factor that affects the relative bioavailability of a drug?
What type of poisoning is food poisoning an example of?
What is the condition characterized by suspension of respiration and death?
What is another name for nitrobenzene?
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What is the antidote for magnesium salts?
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What is the primary toxicity of carbon tetrachloride?
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What is the process of washing out of an organ such as the stomach or bowel?
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Which poison particularly affects the cardiac muscles?
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What is used to induce vomiting?
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What is a banned toxic substance in bakery products?
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What is the fatal dose of aspirin?
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What are the symptoms of lysergic acid poisoning?
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What is the cause of death in strychnine poisoning?
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Which drug is responsible for major medical and socio-economic problems?
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What is used to manage poisoning due to anticholinesterase?
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What are the primary signs of exposure to a certain substance?
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What metal is commonly used in water purification?
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What is another name for lead oxide?
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Which crop root contains manihotoxin?
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What is a physiological antidote for strychnine?
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What is a characteristic of phencyclidine toxicity?
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What is the characteristic odor of cyanide poisoning?
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What is the primary active alkaloid of ipecac?
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What type of poisoning is characterized by a sweet odor of vomitus?
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What is used to treat bismuth poisoning?
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Why is milk given as an antidote in some poisonings?
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What causes shellfish toxicity?
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What is a common ingredient in mothballs?
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What converts hemoglobin to a chocolate brown color?
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In which type of poisoning is dilution with water contraindicated?
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What is the poisonous substance in Lysol?
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Where is saxitoxin found?
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What is the antidote for formaldehyde poisoning?
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What is the universal antidote that contains starch?
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What is the antidote for iodine poisoning?
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What vitamin is administered to patients with methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning?
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What is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose?
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What is used to treat hydrocarbon insecticide poisoning?
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What is the antidote for methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning?
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What is the specific antagonist for narcotic poisoning?
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Study Notes
Clinical Toxicology
- Relative bioavailability is affected by dosing rate, clearance rate, and route of administration.
Poisoning and Toxins
- Food poisoning is an example of organic bacterial poisoning.
- Asphyxia is a condition of suspended respiration and death, which may begin at the lungs.
- Oil of mirbane is another name for nitrobenzene.
Antidotes and Treatments
- Insoluble sulfates are used as an antidote for magnesium salts.
- 4% tannic acid solution is used as an antidote for alkaloids.
- Lavage is the process of washing out an organ, such as the stomach or bowel.
- Syrup of ipecac is used to induce vomiting.
Toxic Substances
- Carbon tetrachloride is hepatotoxic.
- Strychnine particularly affects the cardiac muscles.
- Asphyxiants exert their effects by interfering with the oxidation of tissues.
- Potassium bromate is a banned toxic substance in bakery products.
Poisoning Effects and Symptoms
- Fatal dose of aspirin is 5 grams.
- Lysergic acid poisoning has symptoms of hallucinations and dilated pupils.
- Strychnine poisoning can cause death due to fatigue of the respiratory muscles.
Management and Treatment
- Atropine is used to manage anticholinesterase poisoning.
- Ethanol is used to treat poisoning due to anticholinesterase.
- Phencyclidine has a toxic syndrome of coma with open eyes and violence.
- Bitter almond odor is a symptom of cyanide poisoning.
Other
- Litharge is another name for lead oxide.
- Copper is used in water purification.
- Manihotoxin is found in cassava root.
- Phencyclidine has a toxic syndrome of coma with open eyes and violence.
- Cyanide poisoning has a bitter almond odor symptom.
- Ipecac has a principal active alkaloid of emetine.
- Turpentine has a sweet odor of vomitus.
- Picrotoxin is a poisonous principle of cocculus indicus used as a fish poison.
- EDTA is used to treat bismuth poisoning.
- Milk is given as an antidote because it coats the stomach.
- Dinoflagellates cause shellfish toxicity.
- Naphthalene is an ingredient in mothballs.
- Aniline converts red hemoglobin to a chocolate brown color.
- Cresol is the poisonous substance in Lysol.
- Saxitoxin is the poison found in marine animals.
Antidotes
- Methenamine is the best antidote for formaldehyde poisoning.
- Acetylcysteine is the antidote for Isoniazid poisoning.
- Sulfate is the antidote for magnesium salts.
- Starch is the universal antidote.
- Folic acid is used to enhance the elimination of toxic metabolite, formic acid, in methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning.
- Acetylcysteine is used to treat acetaminophen overdose.
- Ethanol is used to treat methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning.
- Thiamine is used to treat hydrocarbon insecticide poisoning.
- Potassium salt is used to treat digitalis poisoning.
- Nalorphine is the specific antagonist for narcotic poisoning.
- Apomorphine HCL is an injectable emetic.
- Citric Acid is an antidote for sodium hydroxide poisoning.
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Description
Assess your knowledge of pharmacology and toxicology concepts, including bioavailability, dosing rates, and types of poisoning.
