Jawetz Chapter 32
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Jawetz Chapter 32

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Questions and Answers

What is the size range of adenoviruses?

  • 50–60 nm
  • 100–120 nm
  • 70–90 nm (correct)
  • 30–40 nm
  • What kind of symmetry do adenoviruses display?

  • Icosahedral symmetry (correct)
  • Helical symmetry
  • Bilateral symmetry
  • Radial symmetry
  • Which of the following components is NOT part of the adenovirus capsid?

  • Fibers
  • Hexons
  • Capsomeres
  • Envelope (correct)
  • What is the characteristic structure found at the 12 vertices of adenoviruses?

    <p>Fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many distinct antigenic types of adenoviruses have been isolated from humans?

    <p>57</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To which genus do all human adenoviruses belong?

    <p>Mastadenovirus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which groups are human adenoviruses classified into based on their properties?

    <p>A–G</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the DNA structure of adenoviruses?

    <p>Linear and double-stranded</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the GC content percentage of adenoviral DNA?

    <p>48–49%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What proportion of structural protein DNA homology is noted in adenoviruses?

    <blockquote> <p>85%</p> </blockquote> Signup and view all the answers

    What systems are adenoviruses valuable for in research?

    <p>Molecular and biochemical studies of eukaryotic cell processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property is associated with the penton base of adenoviruses?

    <p>Toxin-like activity causing cytopathic effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of infections do adenoviruses commonly produce?

    <p>Various subclinical infections across different tracts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long can adenoviruses persist in a host after infection?

    <p>Months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity is associated with adenoviral fibers?

    <p>Hemagglutinating activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the hexon in adenoviruses?

    <p>Hexon displays common antigenicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common method for typing adenoviral isolates?

    <p>Hemagglutination-inhibition tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about adenovirus serotypes is correct?

    <p>One-third of known serotypes are linked to common diseases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of effects do adenoviruses primarily cause in host cells?

    <p>Rapid appearance of cytopathic effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do adenoviruses serve in gene therapy approaches?

    <p>They are used as vectors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Adenoviruses Overview

    • Capable of replicating in respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary tracts as well as in the eye.
    • Many infections are asymptomatic and can persist for months in hosts.
    • Approximately one-third of known human serotypes (57 total) are linked to most adenovirus-related diseases.

    Properties of Adenoviruses

    • Diameter ranges from 70–90 nm, exhibiting icosahedral symmetry with 252 capsomeres.
    • Lack an envelope, unique among icosahedral viruses due to protruding fibers from penton bases.
    • Penton bases have toxin-like activity leading to cytopathic effects and cell detachment.

    Structural Composition

    • Major adenovirus antigens include hexons, pentons, and fibers.
    • Hexons consist of 240 capsomeres, while pentons are located at the 12 vertices.
    • Fibers contain type-specific antigens crucial for serotyping and exhibit hemagglutinating activity.

    Classification

    • Divided into seven groups (A-G) based on genetic, physical, chemical, and biological properties.
    • All human adenoviruses fall under the Mastadenovirus genus, with 57 distinct antigenic types identified.
    • DNA genome is linear, double-stranded, ranging from 26–45 kbp, with a GC content of 48–49%.

    Research Applications

    • Adenoviruses are utilized in molecular and biochemical studies of eukaryotic cell processes.
    • Serve as effective vectors in gene therapy approaches, aiding in therapeutic interventions.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the essential features and classifications of adenoviruses, including their structure and replication capabilities in various human systems. Learn about their unique characteristics and the role of major antigens in serotyping. Test your knowledge on the classification groups and the implications of these viruses in health.

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