Podcast
Questions and Answers
An older male patient with burning urination and foul-smelling urine should be assessed for which condition?
An older male patient with burning urination and foul-smelling urine should be assessed for which condition?
Which of the following should be included in a teaching plan to prevent urinary tract infections?
Which of the following should be included in a teaching plan to prevent urinary tract infections?
The most common cause of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children is which of the following?
The most common cause of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children is which of the following?
Eight months post-delivery, a woman reports occasional incontinence. What should the nurse initially recommend?
Eight months post-delivery, a woman reports occasional incontinence. What should the nurse initially recommend?
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Lab results in a client with a renal disorder would likely show which of the following findings?
Lab results in a client with a renal disorder would likely show which of the following findings?
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A type of fluid imbalance where ECF volume loss exceeds fluid intake is defined as?
A type of fluid imbalance where ECF volume loss exceeds fluid intake is defined as?
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Which expected results for a patient’s BUN and creatinine levels in fluid volume deficit are accurate?
Which expected results for a patient’s BUN and creatinine levels in fluid volume deficit are accurate?
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An appropriate nursing diagnosis for a patient experiencing fluid volume deficit might be which of the following?
An appropriate nursing diagnosis for a patient experiencing fluid volume deficit might be which of the following?
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During the diuretic phase of acute renal failure, what is the most expected outcome?
During the diuretic phase of acute renal failure, what is the most expected outcome?
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In a client with chronic renal failure, which laboratory finding is most likely observed?
In a client with chronic renal failure, which laboratory finding is most likely observed?
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Which symptom would a client with acute glomerulonephritis most likely present?
Which symptom would a client with acute glomerulonephritis most likely present?
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What assessment finding is expected in a client with early-stage chronic renal failure?
What assessment finding is expected in a client with early-stage chronic renal failure?
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For a client undergoing hemodialysis, which symptom should the nurse monitor for related to disequilibrium syndrome?
For a client undergoing hemodialysis, which symptom should the nurse monitor for related to disequilibrium syndrome?
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What sign should a nurse monitor for in a client with glomerulonephritis at risk for acute renal failure?
What sign should a nurse monitor for in a client with glomerulonephritis at risk for acute renal failure?
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Which recent history would most likely be associated with a client diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis?
Which recent history would most likely be associated with a client diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis?
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In a client exhibiting signs of acute pyelonephritis, which symptom is most likely to be present?
In a client exhibiting signs of acute pyelonephritis, which symptom is most likely to be present?
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Study Notes
Acute Renal Failure
- Diuretic phase: Increased urine output (1-3 liters/day) is expected.
- BUN: Increases during the diuretic phase of acute renal failure.
- Creatinine: Begins to normalize in the recovery phase of acute renal failure, not during the diuretic phase.
Chronic Renal Failure
- Early stage: Polyuria is a characteristic symptom.
- Hemodialysis: Disequilibrium syndrome can occur. Symptoms include headache, deteriorating level of consciousness, and twitching.
- Lab findings: Elevated BUN, increased potassium levels, decreased serum calcium, and a lower blood pH are expected.
Glomerulonephritis
- Recent history: A recent sore throat or strep throat infection is often associated with acute glomerulonephritis.
- Additional symptoms: Oliguria, generalized edema, hematuria, and proteinuria are common.
- Risk of acute renal failure: Monitor for hypertension as a sign of potential acute renal failure due to glomerulonephritis.
Pyelonephritis
- Symptoms: Urinary frequency, urgency, dysuria, and flank pain are key indicators of pyelonephritis.
Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)
- Common causes: Escherichia coli is the most frequent cause in children.
- Prevention: Maintaining adequate fluid intake is a crucial preventative measure.
- Postpartum incontinence: Kegel exercises are recommended for postpartum incontinence.
Fluid Volume Deficit
- Clinical assessment: Dry mucous membranes, weight loss, and decreased urine output are indicators.
- Lab results: BUN and creatinine levels are expected to increase.
- Nursing diagnosis: Decreased Cardiac Output is an appropriate nursing diagnosis.
- Medications to avoid: Lasix (furosemide) can exacerbate fluid volume deficit..
Hyperkalemia
- Causes: Over-administration of potassium-sparing diuretics is a common cause.
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Description
This quiz covers critical concepts related to acute and chronic renal failure, including symptoms, lab findings, and complications such as those associated with glomerulonephritis. Test your knowledge on important phases, laboratory values, and risk factors related to these renal conditions.
