ACIDS, BASES, AND SALTS - Flashcards

Acids, bases, and salts.

Acids contain hydronium ions, bases contain hydroxide ions, and salts are ionic compounds made from cations and anions.

1. Taste sour, 2. pH less than 7.0, 3. Corrosive, 4. Neutralize bases, 5. Change the colors of indicators, 6. React with metals, 7. React with carbonates to produce CO2, 8. Conduct electric current.

<ol> <li>Taste bitter, 2. pH greater than 7.0, 3. Caustic, 4. Neutralize acids, 5. Change colors of indicators, 6. Dissolve fats and oils, 7. Feel slippery, 8. Conduct electric current.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strong acids completely ionize in water, while weak acids only partially ionize. Strong bases completely ionize in water, whereas weak bases only partially ionize.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Binary acids contain only 2 elements, while oxyacids contain 2 elements as well as oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The acid donates hydrogen ions, and the base donates hydroxide ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The acid is the proton donor, and the base is the proton acceptor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monoprotic: 1 hydrogen (e.g., HF), Diprotic: 2 hydrogens (e.g., H2SO4), Triprotic: 3 hydrogens (e.g., H3PO4).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The product formed when the base accepts a proton (hydrogen ion).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The product formed when the acid donates the proton (hydrogen ion).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An amphoteric substance can act as an acid or a base; examples include water and NH3.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The acid is the electron pair acceptor, and the base is the electron pair donor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Lewis definition is the broadest because it includes substances that don't contain hydrogen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pH is used to describe the acidity of a solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a scale based on the logarithm of the hydronium ion concentration, ranging from 0-14.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pH is 7: they are equal; pH less than 7: hydronium concentration is greater; pH greater than 7: hydroxide concentration is greater.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A dye that is sensitive to pH changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red in an acid, blue in a base.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Colorless in an acid, bright pink in a base.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A reaction between an acid and a base that produces H2O and salt.</p> Signup and view all the answers