Questions and Answers
What are the two sources of H+ in the body?
Protein diet and intermediary metabolism
Which mechanism is responsible for the rapid buffering of changes in H+ concentration?
Buffer system by immediate combination of H+ with extracellular and intracellular buffer system
What is the kidney's role in acid base balance?
Increased rate of H+ excretion and bicarbonate reabsorption by renal tubules
What are the causes and compensation mechanisms for alkalosis?
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What is the primary cause of fixed acids in the body during anaerobic metabolism?
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Study Notes
Sources of H+ in the Body
- Two sources of H+ in the body: metabolic production and respiratory failure (e.g., respiratory acidosis)
Buffering of H+ Concentration
- Rapid buffering of changes in H+ concentration is responsible viaintracellular and extracellular buffering systems
Kidney's Role in Acid-Base Balance
- Kidneys regulate acid-base balance by controlling H+ secretion, bicarbonate reabsorption, and ammonium production
Alkalosis: Causes and Compensation Mechanisms
- Causes of alkalosis: excessive vomiting, ingestion of bases, diuretic use, and hypokalemia
- Compensation mechanisms: respiratory acidosis (via increased PCO2) and metabolic compensation (via decreased bicarbonate levels)
Fixed Acids in Anaerobic Metabolism
- Primary cause of fixed acids in the body during anaerobic metabolism: lactic acid production
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