Podcast
Questions and Answers
What can occur to a person's ABO phenotype during a necrotizing infection?
What can occur to a person's ABO phenotype during a necrotizing infection?
Which statement about blood group antigens is true?
Which statement about blood group antigens is true?
How can some individuals lose ABO blood group antigens?
How can some individuals lose ABO blood group antigens?
What is a characteristic of non-secretors regarding ABO blood group antigens?
What is a characteristic of non-secretors regarding ABO blood group antigens?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the significance of A and B antigens in the context of diseases?
What is the significance of A and B antigens in the context of diseases?
Signup and view all the answers
Which illness is associated with weakened expression of ABO blood group antigens?
Which illness is associated with weakened expression of ABO blood group antigens?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements about individuals without A and B antigens is true?
Which of the following statements about individuals without A and B antigens is true?
Signup and view all the answers
What can cause a modification of ABO blood group antigens in patients?
What can cause a modification of ABO blood group antigens in patients?
Signup and view all the answers
What characterizes 'secretors' in relation to ABO blood group antigens?
What characterizes 'secretors' in relation to ABO blood group antigens?
Signup and view all the answers
How do hematological cancers influence the expression of ABO blood group antigens?
How do hematological cancers influence the expression of ABO blood group antigens?
Signup and view all the answers
What factors can lead to the acquisition of the B antigen during an illness?
What factors can lead to the acquisition of the B antigen during an illness?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common characteristic of individuals who lack A and B antigens?
What is a common characteristic of individuals who lack A and B antigens?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement regarding the presence of ABO blood group antigens is true?
Which statement regarding the presence of ABO blood group antigens is true?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition is least likely to alter a person's ABO blood group phenotype?
Which condition is least likely to alter a person's ABO blood group phenotype?
Signup and view all the answers
In what situation should a patient who recently acquired the B antigen avoid blood products containing this antigen?
In what situation should a patient who recently acquired the B antigen avoid blood products containing this antigen?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following best explains the non-secretor status?
Which of the following best explains the non-secretor status?
Signup and view all the answers
What role do ABO blood group antigens play in terms of disease susceptibility?
What role do ABO blood group antigens play in terms of disease susceptibility?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
ABO Blood Group Antigens
- Expressed on a wide variety of human tissues, including epithelial and endothelial cells, not just red blood cells (RBCs)
- Each RBC has ~2 million ABO antigens
- Other blood cells (T cells, B cells, platelets) may acquire ABO antigens from plasma
- Secretors have soluble ABO antigens in bodily fluids (except CSF)
- ABO antigens are also present on most epithelial and endothelial cells
- Individuals who are "secretors" have soluble forms of ABO antigens in bodily fluids such as saliva, with exceptions like cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Antigen Synthesis
- Related to Hh and Lewis antigens
- Synthesis mechanisms not explicitly detailed in provided text
ABO Phenotype Alterations
- Acquired B antigen: Necrotizing infections can cause conversion of A1 antigen to a B-like antigen. During this period patients should not receive blood products containing B antigens due to potential anti-B antibodies. Blood group returns to normal after infection treatment.
- Lost ABO antigens: Diseases increasing RBC demand (e.g., thalassemia) can weaken ABO expression. Hematological cancers can alter sugar chains bearing the antigens. ABO antigens can be used as tumor markers for certain cancers (acute leukemia, myeloproliferative disorders, and myelodysplasia).
Function of A and B Antigens
- Unknown; individuals lacking A and B antigens are healthy.
Diseases and ABO Antigens
- No known diseases from lack of ABO antigen expression
- Susceptibility to certain diseases is linked to ABO phenotype.
Non-Secretors
- Homozygous for null alleles (se/se) at the ABO locus.
- Unable to produce soluble H antigens.
- Therefore, cannot produce A and B antigens as well.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the fascinating world of ABO blood group antigens and their expression on various human tissues. This quiz delves into how antigens are synthesized, alterations in ABO phenotypes, and the implications for blood transfusions and disease markers. Test your understanding of this crucial aspect of immunology.
