Abnormal Psychology 9th Edition Quiz

Study Notes

Eating disorders involve disturbances in eating behaviors, emotions, and thoughts
Can affect physical and emotional well-being
Examples: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, and other specified feeding or eating disorders

Characterized by self-starvation, significant weight loss, and fear of gaining weight
Two subtypes:
- Restricting type: Refuses to eat, engages in excessive exercise to prevent weight gain
- Binge/purge type: Engages in binge eating, followed by purging behaviors (e.g., self-induced vomiting, laxatives)
Dangerous consequences: cardiovascular complications, stomach expansion, weak bones, kidney damage, impaired immune system, and suicide

Characterized by binge eating followed by purging behaviors to prevent weight gain
Purging behaviors include self-induced vomiting, laxatives, diuretics, or other medications, fasting, and excessive exercise
Can lead to electrolyte imbalance, heart failure, and suicide

Characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating without compensatory behaviors
Accompanied by feelings of disgust, depression, or guilt, and often leads to obesity
Depression is a common comorbidity

Partial-syndrome eating disorders that do not meet the full criteria for anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa
Atypical anorexia nervosa: Meets all criteria for anorexia nervosa, but weight is within or above normal range
Bulimia nervosa of low frequency and/or limited duration: Meets criteria for bulimia nervosa, but binge eating and purging occur less than once a week and/or for less than 3 months
Night eating syndrome: Regularly eating excessive amounts of food into the night after dinner

Not a DSM-5-TR diagnosis, but associated with some mental disorders
Defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or over
Associated with increased risk of:
- Coronary heart disease, hypertension, and stroke
- Type 2 diabetes and cancer
- Low quality of life and emotional problems
Causes:
- Living in a toxic food environment
- Lack of exercise

Social pressures and cultural norms promoting thinness
Social media and body dissatisfaction
Athletes and eating disorders
Cognitive factors:
- Low self-esteem
- Wanting to please others
- Dichotomous thinking style (“all-or-nothing” thinking)
Emotion regulation difficulties and disordered eating patterns
Family dynamics:
- Difficulty with separation and individuation from family
- Family with eating disorder
- Low parental warmth and high parental demands

Psychotherapy for anorexia nervosa:
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy
- Family therapy
Psychotherapy for bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder:
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy
- Interpersonal therapy
- Supportive-expressive psychodynamic therapy
- Behavioral therapy
Biological therapies:
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (reduce binge-eating and purging behaviors)
- Antidepressants (used to treat anorexia nervosa and result in reduction of symptoms)
- Antipsychotics (lead to increases in weight in people with anorexia nervosa)
- Antiepileptic medications and obesity medications