Introduction to Abnormal Psychology Module 1

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the main focus of abnormal psychology?

Examining psychopathology and mental disorders (correct)

Analyzing social deviance only

Understanding cultural influences on behavior

Studying criminal behavior exclusively

Which of the following best defines a mental disorder?

A culturally accepted response to loss

A temporary reaction to stress

An enduring condition without distress

A syndrome causing significant cognitive or behavioral dysfunction (correct)

Which population has a slightly increased risk of violence according to the provided information?

Individuals with dual diagnosis and a history of violence (correct)

Individuals with social anxiety

Individuals with no mental health issues

Individuals experiencing grief

What is NOT considered a mental disorder?

An expectable response to loss Signup and view all the answers

What should the diagnosis of a mental disorder provide to clinicians?

Clinical utility for prognosis and treatment Signup and view all the answers

How is abnormal behavior typically evaluated?

Negatively, as it differs from typical behavior Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a goal of those studying psychopathology?

To alleviate distress from mental disorders Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential characteristic of a mental disorder?

Significant distress or disability Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about mentally disturbed individuals?

They can always be recognized by their abnormal behavior. Signup and view all the answers

Which belief about mental illness is considered a myth?

Mental illness is a sign of weakness. Signup and view all the answers

What is a reality about individuals with mental illness?

Many can contribute significantly to society. Signup and view all the answers

What erroneous belief has caused distress to those labeled mentally ill?

Once mentally ill, always mentally ill. Signup and view all the answers

How is abnormal behavior defined?

By its impact on daily life and functioning. Signup and view all the answers

What common myth disregards the complexity of mental illness?

Mental illness can be resolved with willpower alone. Signup and view all the answers

What is true regarding public perception of mental illness?

Individuals are seen as dangerous and unstable. Signup and view all the answers

Why is recognizing the need for help important for those suffering from mental disorders?

It demonstrates a willingness to improve. Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of distress in the context of psychopathology?

Extreme discomfort, pain, or suffering that affects functioning. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes deviance in the context of psychopathology?

Behaviors that significantly deviate from social norms. Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by dysfunction in relation to psychopathology?

A breakdown in cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a manifestation of distress?

Exhibiting appropriate social behavior. Signup and view all the answers

How is dangerousness assessed in relation to mental illness?

By evaluating the likelihood of drug and alcohol abuse leading to violence. Signup and view all the answers

What is a clinical description?

An outline of symptoms and characteristics of a disorder. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term prevalence refer to in psychopathology?

The commonness of a disorder in a population. Signup and view all the answers

What could be considered an emotional manifestation of distress?

Extreme and prolonged anxiety or depression. Signup and view all the answers

What does clinical description primarily help to specify?

What differentiates the disorder from normal behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the presenting problem in a clinical context?

The original complaint reported by the client Signup and view all the answers

What does prevalence measure in relation to a disorder?

The total number of individuals affected at a specific time Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'etiology' refer to?

The study of causes and origins of a disorder Signup and view all the answers

What does incidence refer to in epidemiology?

The number of new cases during a specific period Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the 'course' of a disorder?

The pattern of development and change of a disorder Signup and view all the answers

What does prognosis predict regarding a disorder?

The expected outcomes and courses of the disorder Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between prevalence and incidence?

Prevalence is a snapshot in time; incidence is over a period Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Course Learning Outcomes

Differentiate between pathological and non-pathological behavior.
Examine the historical context of Abnormal Psychology and its influence on perceptions of mental disorders.

Topic Learning Outcomes

Define abnormal behavior and psychopathology through various criteria for pathological behavior.
Explore historical developments of Abnormal Psychology from Western and Filipino perspectives.

Myths vs. Reality of Mental Illness

Myth: Abnormal behavior is easily recognizable.
- Reality: Many individuals with mental disorders do not consistently display unusual behavior.
Myth: Mental disorders are inherited within families.
- Reality: The belief in familial insanity can cause unnecessary anxiety and distress.
Myth: Individuals with mental disorders cannot be cured and will struggle to function in society.
- Reality: Many people labeled as mentally ill can lead normal, productive lives.
Myth: Mental disturbance comes from weakness of will.
- Reality: Seeking help indicates strength and acknowledgment of one's struggles.
Myth: Individuals with mental illness cannot contribute meaningfully to society until cured.
- Reality: Many have made significant contributions despite their mental health challenges.
Myth: Mentally ill people are dangerous or violent.
- Reality: Most do not commit crimes; however, there might be an increased risk for those with dual diagnoses and prior violent behavior.

Abnormal Psychology Basics

Focuses on psychopathology, which examines symptoms, causes, and treatments for mental disorders.
Aims to describe, explain, predict, and alter behaviors, emotions, or thoughts linked to various mental conditions.

Definition of a Mental Disorder

A syndrome marked by significant disturbances in cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior.
Must cause distress or disability in significant life areas (social, occupational).
Does not include culturally approved responses to trauma (e.g., grief) or socially deviant behavior unless linked to dysfunction.

Factors in Judging Psychopathology

Distress: Reflects discomfort affecting daily functioning, visible in social withdrawal or emotional disturbances like anxiety and depression.
Deviance: Significant deviations from social norms may include hallucinations or extreme social fears.
Dysfunction: Breakdown in cognitive or emotional functioning can hinder daily life roles and requires performance comparisons.
Dangerousness: Rarely are acts of violence tied to severe mental illness; substance abuse is a greater predictor.

Clinical Traits of Mental Disorders

Clinical Description: Specific combination of behaviors, thoughts, and feelings that distinguish a disorder.
Presenting Problem: Initial complaint by the client leading them to seek therapy.
Prevalence: Proportion of a population displaying a disorder at any given time.
Etiology: Study of the causes of disorders, including biological, psychological, and social factors.
Incidence: Number of new cases of a disorder during a specific timeframe.
Course: The development pattern of a disorder over time (e.g., chronic, episodic, or time-limited).
Prognosis: Predictions regarding the future outcome and progression of a disorder.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Dive into the fascinating world of abnormal psychology with this quiz on Module 1, Part 1. Explore the differences between pathological and non-pathological behaviors, and uncover the historical context that has shaped our understanding of psychological disorders. Test your knowledge on the key concepts presented in this introductory module.