علم النفس المعرفي: الانتباه والإدراك

Cognitive Psychology

• Cognitive psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on mental processes.
• Key mental processes include perception, attention, memory, language, problem-solving, and decision-making.
• These processes are interconnected and influence one another.
• Cognitive psychology applies to various aspects of human behavior, including learning, problem-solving, and social interaction.

Attention

• Attention is a critical cognitive process.
• It allows us to selectively focus on specific stimuli while filtering out irrelevant information.
• Attention is essential for all other cognitive processes.
• Types of attention include selective attention, divided attention, and sustained attention.
• Factors affecting attention include arousal, motivation, and personal characteristics.

Perception

• Perception is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information.
• It allows us to make sense of the world around us.
• Key concepts in perception include perceptual constancy, Gestalt principles, depth perception, and object recognition.

Memory

• Memory is the process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information.
• Types of memory include sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
• Processes involved in memory include encoding, storage, and retrieval.
• Factors affecting memory include attention, motivation, and emotion.

Problem-solving

• Problem-solving involves finding solutions to complex issues.
• Strategies for problem-solving include trial and error, algorithms, heuristics, and insight.
• Problem-solving depends on cognitive abilities such as reasoning, critical thinking, and creativity.

Language

• Language is a complex system of communication.
• It involves both spoken and written forms.
• Key aspects of language include phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics.
• Language acquisition and use are influenced by various factors, including cognitive development.

يستعرض هذا الاختبار فروع علم النفس المعرفي، مع التركيز على عمليات الانتباه والإدراك. سوف تستكشف كيفية تأثير هذه العمليات على سلوكيات البشر وكيفية ارتباطها بالجوانب المختلفة للتعلم والتفاعل الاجتماعي.