Attention Mechanisms in Cognitive Psychology

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Questions and Answers

What does dichotic listening primarily investigate?

How attention is divided between different auditory stimuli (correct)
The ability to focus on one conversation in a noisy environment
How shadowing impacts memory recall
The effect of visual cues on auditory perception

Overt attention involves focusing on something without looking directly at it.

False (B)

According to Broadbent's model, what is the role of the brain's filter?

To decide what to listen to

In feature integration theory, the stage in which features are combined is known as the ______ stage.

focused attention Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms related to eye movements with their descriptions:

Fixation = A brief pause of the eye between movements as a person scans a scene Saccadic Eye Movement = Rapid eye movement between fixations that occur when scanning Overt Attention = Attention that occurs when you move your eyes from one place to another Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind the Corollary Discharge Theory (CDT)?

Motion perception is determined by both the movement of the image on the retina and signals that indicate movement of the eyes. (C) Signup and view all the answers

The comparator in the Corollary Discharge Theory is a single specific structure in the brain.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of predictive remapping of attention?

To enable a stable coherent scene Signup and view all the answers

The process by which stimulus salience causes an involuntary shift of attention is known as ______.

attentional capture Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts related to visual attention with their descriptions:

Visual Salience = Characteristics that cause stimuli to stand out and attract attention Scene Schemas = An observer's knowledge about what is contained in typical scenes Spatial Neglect = Condition where patients do not attend to the opposite side of their visual world Signup and view all the answers

What is inattentional blindness?

A condition where a stimulus is not perceived even when looking directly at it (B) Signup and view all the answers

Extinction refers to the condition where a person is unaware of stimuli on one side of their visual field due to lack of sleep.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of experience sampling?

To measure thoughts, feelings, and behaviors Signup and view all the answers

The ______ approach to perception focuses on how moving observers use perceptual information from their movement to guide further movement.

ecological Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts related to spatial perception and navigation with their descriptions:

Optic Flow = The flow of stimuli that occurs when an observer moves relative to the environment Wayfinding = The process of navigating through the environment Landmarks = Objects on a route that serve as a cue to indicate where to turn Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of expansion (FOE)?

The point in the flow pattern caused by observer movement where there is no expansion (C) Signup and view all the answers

Invariant information refers to environmental properties that change as the observer moves relative to an object or scene.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are affordances, in the context of perception?

Information indicating how an object can be used Signup and view all the answers

Cells in the entorhinal cortex that fire when an animal is in a particular place in the environment and which have multiple place fields arranged in a grid-like pattern are called ______.

grid cells Signup and view all the answers

Match the visual processing pathways with their functions:

Dorsal Pathway = Helps you know how to interact with things Ventral Pathway = Helps you recognize and identify objects Signup and view all the answers

What does the Size-Weight Illusion demonstrate?

Our tendency to incorrectly predict weight when observing differently sized objects (C) Signup and view all the answers

Mirror neurons only respond when one performs an action, not when observing someone else perform the same action.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to the action-specific perception hypothesis, how do people perceive their environment?

In terms of their ability to act on it Signup and view all the answers

[Blank] is a condition in which damage to an area of the cortex involved in motion perception causes blindness to motion.

akinetopsia Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of motion with their description:

Real Motion = The physical movement of a stimulus Illusory Motion = Perception of motion when there is none Induced Motion = Illusory movement of one object caused by the movement of another Signup and view all the answers

What does global optic flow (GOF) indicate?

Movement that occurs when all elements in a scene move together (D) Signup and view all the answers

In Corollary Discharge Theory, movement is perceived only if either the corollary discharge signal or the image displacement signal reaches the comparator, but not when both signals reach it.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

Briefly describe what a Reichardt detector does.

It detects motion by comparing what is seen at two places at different times Signup and view all the answers

The term ______ refers to the situation in which two physically different stimuli are perceptually identical.

metamerism Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of dichromatism with their descriptions:

Protanopia = Missing the long-wavelength pigment; perceives short-wavelength light as blue and long-wavelength light as yellow Deuteranopia = Missing the medium-wavelength pigment; perceives turquoise at short wavelengths and yellow at long wavelengths Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Attention

Focusing on certain objects while ignoring others, enhancing processing of attended objects.

Overt Attention

Involves directly looking at the intended object of attention.