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Questions and Answers
What is the total dose required for a 140 lb patient if the required amount is 28 mg/kg bodyweight?
What is the total dose required for a 140 lb patient if the required amount is 28 mg/kg bodyweight?
Calculate the mass percent of fat in a candy bar that contains 12 g fat, 26 g carbohydrate, 6 g protein, and 4 g of other material.
Calculate the mass percent of fat in a candy bar that contains 12 g fat, 26 g carbohydrate, 6 g protein, and 4 g of other material.
If an antacid tablet weighs 1.36 g, and the percent active ingredient of calcium carbonate is 38.2%, what is the mass of calcium carbonate in the tablet?
If an antacid tablet weighs 1.36 g, and the percent active ingredient of calcium carbonate is 38.2%, what is the mass of calcium carbonate in the tablet?
Which quantity measures the amount of space occupied by an object?
Which quantity measures the amount of space occupied by an object?
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Matter is nearly incompressible in which of these states?
Matter is nearly incompressible in which of these states?
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Which element is in period 4 and group 7B in the periodic table?
Which element is in period 4 and group 7B in the periodic table?
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Which combination of elements represents only macronutrients?
Which combination of elements represents only macronutrients?
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What is the passing mark for the course Chem 113?
What is the passing mark for the course Chem 113?
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Which combination of elements represents only micronutrients?
Which combination of elements represents only micronutrients?
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Which chemical structure is NOT part of atomic structure in chemistry?
Which chemical structure is NOT part of atomic structure in chemistry?
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What type of reaction is characterized by the synthesis of larger molecules from smaller ones?
What type of reaction is characterized by the synthesis of larger molecules from smaller ones?
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Which micronutrient has an important role in thyroid hormones?
Which micronutrient has an important role in thyroid hormones?
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Which micronutrient is found in hemoglobin?
Which micronutrient is found in hemoglobin?
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Which type of fat is considered unhealthy and is associated with increased health risks?
Which type of fat is considered unhealthy and is associated with increased health risks?
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What is the general designation for main-group elements in the periodic table?
What is the general designation for main-group elements in the periodic table?
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What are the fundamental units of genetic information in living organisms?
What are the fundamental units of genetic information in living organisms?
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Which type of mixture has a uniform composition throughout?
Which type of mixture has a uniform composition throughout?
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What separates metals from nonmetals in the periodic table?
What separates metals from nonmetals in the periodic table?
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How many periods are there in the periodic table?
How many periods are there in the periodic table?
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What characterizes a covalent bond?
What characterizes a covalent bond?
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What is a characteristic of acids in relation to the pH scale?
What is a characteristic of acids in relation to the pH scale?
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What is the SI or metric equivalent of 1 pound in kilograms?
What is the SI or metric equivalent of 1 pound in kilograms?
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How many fluid ounces are there in 1 cup?
How many fluid ounces are there in 1 cup?
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If a measurement result is highlighted in a lab report, what does it indicate?
If a measurement result is highlighted in a lab report, what does it indicate?
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Which of the following is true regarding the conversion from inches to centimeters?
Which of the following is true regarding the conversion from inches to centimeters?
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What is the equivalent volume of 1 quart in liters?
What is the equivalent volume of 1 quart in liters?
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Which unit is used to measure mass in the U.S. customary system?
Which unit is used to measure mass in the U.S. customary system?
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What is the metric equivalent of 1 mile in kilometers?
What is the metric equivalent of 1 mile in kilometers?
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How many teaspoons are there in 1 fluid ounce?
How many teaspoons are there in 1 fluid ounce?
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Which of the following correctly defines a pure substance?
Which of the following correctly defines a pure substance?
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What is the smallest unit of an element?
What is the smallest unit of an element?
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Which of the following statements about a heterogeneous mixture is true?
Which of the following statements about a heterogeneous mixture is true?
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Which of the following is an example of a compound?
Which of the following is an example of a compound?
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What type of mixture is sugar water classified as?
What type of mixture is sugar water classified as?
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of elements?
Which of the following is not a characteristic of elements?
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Which option best describes the composition of air?
Which option best describes the composition of air?
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In the Bohr model, which subatomic particles are located in the nucleus?
In the Bohr model, which subatomic particles are located in the nucleus?
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Study Notes
Why Nursing Students Need Chemistry
- Nursing students need chemistry to understand bodily processes at the cellular level.
- Chemistry helps understand physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology.
- It explains how cells produce energy, how the body breathes, and how blood types work.
- Overall, chemistry helps understand how body systems work together.
Basic Chemistry
- Matter: anything that takes up space and has mass.
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Pure Substances: elements or compounds
- Elements: Simplest type of matter, made of one atom type.
- Compounds: Two or more elements chemically combined.
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Mixtures: Combinations of substances that can be separated.
- Homogeneous Mixtures: Uniform composition throughout.
- Heterogeneous Mixtures: Non-uniform composition.
Atoms
- All matter is made of atoms.
- Bohr Model: Features a nucleus with neutrons (no charge) and protons (positive charge).
- Electrons orbit the nucleus, carrying a negative charge.
Periodic Table
- Periods: Horizontal rows, numbered 1-7.
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Groups: Vertical columns.
- Main-group elements: designated with A letters.
- Transition elements: designated with B letters.
- IUPAC numbering from 1-18 can also be used.
- The line between metals and nonmetals is staircase-shaped.
- Elements bordering the line, except aluminum (Al), are metalloids.
Essential Elements
- Macronutrients needed in large quantities (>100 mg/day): carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sodium, magnesium, potassium, calcium, chlorine.
- Micronutrients needed in smaller quantities (<100 mg/day): iodine, fluorine, iron, zinc, and other elements.
Measuring Matter
- Health professionals use SI (metric) units with familiarity of U.S. Customary units.
- Precision and Accuracy: Crucial in taking measurements, involving multiple measurements and averaging them.
Lab Reports
- Patient results are given with normal values.
- Out-of-range results are highlighted.
- Units vary, mostly metric.
- Deciliter (dL) = 1/10 of a Liter = 100 mL.
States of Matter
- Solid: Definite shape and volume, nearly incompressible.
- Liquid: Indefinite shape, definite volume.
- Gas: Indefinite shape and volume.
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