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87 Questions

Which is not a disease of the skeletal system?

neuropathy

Which of the following is a genetic condition that affects bones?

osteogenesis imperfecta

Which condition would not be helped with an increase in dietary calcium and vitamin D?

osteoarthritis

Which of the following bones is properly matched with its function?

Clavicle -- helps keep the shoulder in place

Choose if the following word is part of the axial or appendicular skeleton, or if it is not a bone at all: pectoral girdle

appendicular

What are two major bones of the skull?

Cranium, Mandible

Choose if the following word is part of the axial or appendicular skeleton, or if it is not a bone at all: mandible

axial

Choose if the following word is part of the axial or appendicular skeleton, or if it is not a bone at all: cruciate

not a bone

What type of bones are the vertebrae?

irregular bones

Choose if the following word is part of the axial or appendicular skeleton, or if it is not a bone at all: scapula

appendicular

What are two major bones of the pectoral girdle?

Scapula and Clavicle

Which of the following is the correct function of the ribs?

Provides protection for the organs of the upper body

Which structure in the skeletal system is responsible for lubrication and shock absorption?

cartilage

Which part of the skeletal system has more articulations with greater range of motion?

appendicular

Which classification of bone tissue has trabeculae?

spongy bone

Choose if the following word is part of the axial or appendicular skeleton, or if it is not a bone at all: fibula

appendicular

Choose if the following word is part of the axial or appendicular skeleton, or if it is not a bone at all: sternum

axial

Which structure in the skeletal system is responsible for linking bones to other bones to stabilize the articulation?

ligaments

Which direction is a majority of the appendicular skeleton from the axial skeleton?

distal

Which of the following are parts of the thoracic cage?

Ribs and Sternum

Which structure in the skeletal system is responsible for connecting bones to muscles?

tendons

which type of bone forms the skull?

flat bone

Hydroxyapatite is:

an inorganic mixture containing calcium and phosphate

Which nanostructure is responsible for compression resistance in bone?

hydroxyapatite

What feature of the hydroxyapatite crystals allow them to easily exchange ions?

They are nano sized with a large surface area

Which is not part of mature cartilage?

blood vessels

For which type of fracture would serious reconstructive measures be needed?

comminuted fracture

Which of the following is properly matched with its function?

All of the above are correctly matched with their function.

Which classification of bone has a collection of specialized cells, organic extracellular matrix proteins, and and inorganic salt crystals?

Both

A main role of proteoglycans in bone is to:

attract water that acts to cushion compression

The main role of osteocytes is to:

act as mechanical sensors

Which cells are osteoporosis drugs intended to inhibit?

osteoclasts

Which cells transform within the bone?

osteoblasts become osteocytes

Which of the following is correctly paired with its description?

Intramembranous ossification is the formation of bone between layers of connective tissue.

For the following, identify the macroscopic structures of compact bone: Compact bone

osteons

Which nanostructure is responsible for tensile resistance in bone?

collagen

Why do we splint a bone after a fracture?

To minimize movement

How is water integrated into cartilage?

A network of negatively charged glycosylated proteins attract water.

Which nanostructure is responsible for compression resistance in cartilage?

proteoglycans

Bones store calcium for use in the rest of the body. How is the homeostasis of calcium controlled?

hormones from the endocrine system

Which cells are osteoporosis drugs intended to inhibit?

osteoclasts

Increased levels of calcitonin hormone may cause what?

low calcium levels in the blood

Which hormones act against one another with calcium levels?

parathyroid hormone and calcitonin

How does vitamin D help maintain bones?

It increases calcium absorption from the diet.

If parathyroid hormone is abnormally high over a long period, you would expect:

abnormally weak bones

Which of the following is not a result of rickets?

Bowed legs in adults

Which of the following structures allow external mechanical information to be quickly transmitted?

Canaliculi

Smooth muscle would be most responsible for:

Determining the diameter of the bronchioles (airways).

Rigor mortis is most directly caused by:

Lack of ATP.

Which of the following is not a major function of muscle tissue?

Production of vitamins.

Skeletal muscle typically transfers its force to bones via:

Tendons that are fused with the connective tissue in muscle.

The different types of muscle tissue differ from each other by:

All of these choices are correct.

The property of muscle that gives it the ability to stretch without damage is :

Extensibility.

The outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle is the:

Epimysium.

The type of tendon formed when the connective tissue elements of a skeletal muscle extend as a broad flat layer is called:

Aponeurosis.

The contractile organelles of a skeletal muscle fiber are thread-like structures called:

Myofibrils.

Which of the following is true concerning Muscle Tone?

It helps with stronger movements.

Which of the following connects muscle to bone?

Tendons

To gain speed in motion, third class levers sacrifice what?

Force

Prime mover is another term for which of the following?

Agonist

During muscle contraction by the sliding filament mechanism, thin filaments are pulled towards the:

M line.

In skeletal muscles, the combined amounts of creatine phosphate and ATP provide enough energy for the muscle to contract maximally for approximately:

15 seconds.

Calcium is used to trigger cross-bridge formation during which phase of muscle contraction?

Contraction phase

Myoblasts in muscular system perform a similar function to _______ in the skeletal system?

Osteoblasts

Which of following is a common characteristic of fast glycolytic (FG) skeletal muscle fibers?

High amount of glycogen in the sarcoplasm

Which of the following types of muscle tissue contract(s) when excited by its/their own autorhythmic muscle fibers?

Cardiac muscle

A triad consists of what components?

One T tubule and two terminal cisternae.

A period of sustained skeletal muscle contraction in which individual twitches cannot be detected is called:

Fused tetanus.

Which of the following microscopic structures is found only in the cardiac muscle tissue?

Intercalated discs

In a neuromuscular junction, the effect of acetylcholine (ACh) binding to receptors on the motor end plate lasts only briefly due to:

Rapid destruction of ACh in the synaptic cleft by acetylcholinesterase

Skeletal muscle contraction will continue to occur as long as which of the following chemicals are available in the cytosol of the muscle fiber?

Calcium ions and ATP

Skeletal muscle cells are generally multinucleate because:

They were formed by fusion of more than one cell.

Which region(s) of the sarcomere contain titin?

From M line to Z disc

Which of the following are functions of the endocrine system?

All of the above

Which of the following is a condition representing underactive thyroid?

Hypothyroidism

Which of the following is not a primary function of the nervous system?

Triggering immune responses

Which of the following can be part of the peripheral nervous system?

Which part of a neuron is responsible for conducting electrochemical stimulation from upstream neurons to the cell body of the neuron?

Dendrites

What is the function of a motor neuron?

Carry signals from the spinal cord to the muscles, resulting in movement

Which of the following is composed of fibers of sensory neurons only?

Dorsal roots of spinal nerves

The function of the pons is:

to relay signals between the cerebrum and cerebellum, including sleep, hearing and taste.

The region of the brain that is primarily involved in projecting impulses to somatosensory cortex is the:

Thalamus

The part of the brain that is involved with initiating voluntary muscle movement is the:

Cerebral cortex

Which brain region is involved in the development of cognition?

Cerebral lobes

The vital centers for the control of heart beat, respiration, and the control of blood vessel diameter are located in the:

medulla oblongata

Which of the following cranial nerves is not involved in motor input/output?

Cervical

Which of the following is not an ascending spinal tract?

Anterior corticospinal

Test your knowledge of the skeletal system with questions on diseases, genetic conditions affecting bones, dietary effects, bone functions, classification of bones, and major bones of the skull.

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