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Questions and Answers
Questions and Answers
What are the structures of the skeletal system?
What are the structures of the skeletal system?
Bones, Cartilage, Ligaments, Tendons
What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system?
What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system?
Support, Protection, Movement, Storage, Blood cell formation
What is the function of red bone marrow?
What is the function of red bone marrow?
Formation of red blood cells, white blood cells & platelets
How is the blood calcium level maintained?
How is the blood calcium level maintained?
What is the difference between spongy bone and compact bone?
What is the difference between spongy bone and compact bone?
What is an osteon?
What is an osteon?
What is an osteoblast?
What is an osteoblast?
What is an osteoclast?
What is an osteoclast?
What is an osteocyte?
What is an osteocyte?
What type of cartilage is found in the epiphyseal plate?
What type of cartilage is found in the epiphyseal plate?
How many bones are in the adult skeleton?
How many bones are in the adult skeleton?
How many bones make up the skull?
How many bones make up the skull?
How many vertebrae make up the vertebral column?
How many vertebrae make up the vertebral column?
What are the 3 small bones located in the middle ear?
What are the 3 small bones located in the middle ear?
What bones make up the cranium?
What bones make up the cranium?
What are the functions of the intervertebral disks?
What are the functions of the intervertebral disks?
How many vertebrae are in the Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar divisions?
How many vertebrae are in the Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar divisions?
What are the functions of the thoracic cage?
What are the functions of the thoracic cage?
What is the name of the central indentation in the superior margin of the sternum?
What is the name of the central indentation in the superior margin of the sternum?
How many pairs of ribs are there?
How many pairs of ribs are there?
What is the difference between false ribs and true ribs?
What is the difference between false ribs and true ribs?
What are floating ribs?
What are floating ribs?
What is the function of the appendicular skeleton?
What is the function of the appendicular skeleton?
What 2 bones make up the pectoral girdle?
What 2 bones make up the pectoral girdle?
The clavicle is also known as the...
The clavicle is also known as the...
What bone is located in the upper arm?
What bone is located in the upper arm?
What are the bones located in the forearm?
What are the bones located in the forearm?
What is the location of these hand bones: Carpal, Metacarpal, Phalanges?
What is the location of these hand bones: Carpal, Metacarpal, Phalanges?
What are the functions of the pelvic girdle?
What are the functions of the pelvic girdle?
What bone is located in the thigh?
What bone is located in the thigh?
What is the kneecap called?
What is the kneecap called?
What bones make up the foot?
What bones make up the foot?
What is Amphiarthrosis?
What is Amphiarthrosis?
What is Diarthrosis?
What is Diarthrosis?
What is Synarthrosis?
What is Synarthrosis?
What is Diaphysis?
What is Diaphysis?
Where is yellow bone marrow stored in adults?
Where is yellow bone marrow stored in adults?
What bones make up the jaw bone?
What bones make up the jaw bone?
Where are Zygomatic Bones located?
Where are Zygomatic Bones located?
What is the function of the Hyoid bone and where is it located?
What is the function of the Hyoid bone and where is it located?
What is arthritis?
What is arthritis?
What is gout?
What is gout?
What does arthr/o refer to?
What does arthr/o refer to?
What does -osis refer to?
What does -osis refer to?
What does dia- refer to?
What does dia- refer to?
What does epi- refer to?
What does epi- refer to?
What does oste/o refer to?
What does oste/o refer to?
What does -blast refer to?
What does -blast refer to?
What does -clast refer to?
What does -clast refer to?
What does -cyte refer to?
What does -cyte refer to?
Questions and Answers
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Flashcards
Flashcards
Skeletal System Components
Skeletal System Components
Bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons make up the skeletal system.
Skeletal System Function: Support
Skeletal System Function: Support
The skeletal system gives the body its structure and shape.
Skeletal System Function: Protection
Skeletal System Function: Protection
The skeletal system protects vital organs like the heart and lungs.
Skeletal System Function: Movement
Skeletal System Function: Movement
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Skeletal System Function: Mineral Storage
Skeletal System Function: Mineral Storage
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Skeletal System Function: Blood Cell Formation
Skeletal System Function: Blood Cell Formation
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Bone Marrow Type
Bone Marrow Type
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Bone Types
Bone Types
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Osteon
Osteon
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Osteoblasts
Osteoblasts
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Osteoclasts
Osteoclasts
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Osteocytes
Osteocytes
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Epiphyseal Plate
Epiphyseal Plate
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Hyaline Cartilage
Hyaline Cartilage
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Adult Human Bones
Adult Human Bones
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Human Skull Bones
Human Skull Bones
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Vertebrae
Vertebrae
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Ear Bones
Ear Bones
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Cranial Bones
Cranial Bones
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Intervertebral Disks
Intervertebral Disks
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Appendicular Skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton
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Pelvic Girdle
Pelvic Girdle
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Clavicle
Clavicle
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Diaphysis
Diaphysis
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Flashcards
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Study Notes
Study Notes
Structures of the Skeletal System
- Composed of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons.
Functions of the Skeletal System
- Provides structural support for the body.
- Protects vital organs such as the heart and lungs.
- Facilitates movement by acting as levers.
- Acts as a storage reserve for minerals like calcium.
- Responsible for blood cell formation in red bone marrow.
Bone Marrow
- Red bone marrow is essential for forming red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
Calcium Management
- Blood calcium levels are maintained by storing excess calcium in the bone matrix or releasing it when levels decrease.
Bone Composition
- Spongy bone is lighter and less dense than compact bone.
- An osteon is the microscopic structural unit of compact bone.
Bone Cell Types
- Osteoblasts: Cells responsible for bone formation.
- Osteoclasts: Cells that break down or resorb bone tissue.
- Osteocytes: Mature bone cells that help maintain bone tissue.
Cartilage
- The epiphyseal plate contains hyaline cartilage, important for bone growth.
Human Skeleton Structure
- Adults have a total of 206 bones.
- The human skull consists of 28 bones.
- The vertebral column is made up of 26 vertebrae.
Ear Bones
- The middle ear contains three small bones: malleus, incus, and stapes.
Cranial Bones
- Composed of the frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
Intervertebral Disks
- Act as shock absorbers and allow flexibility, increasing the strength and resilience of the spine.
Vertebrae Distribution
- Cervical: 7 vertebrae (C1-C7)
- Thoracic: 12 vertebrae (T1-T12)
- Lumbar: 5 vertebrae (L1-L5)
Thoracic Cage Functions
- Provides protection for the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels.
- Supports the shoulder girdle and assists in breathing.
Rib Structure
- There are 12 pairs of ribs in total.
- True ribs directly attach to the sternum, while false ribs do not.
- Floating ribs have no anterior attachment.
Appendicular Skeleton
- Aids in body movement and consists of the pectoral girdle and pelvic girdle.
Pectoral Girdle
- Composed of the anterior clavicle (collarbone) and posterior scapula.
Arm and Hand Bones
- The upper arm contains the humerus.
- Forearm bones include the radius (lateral) and ulna (medial).
- Hand bones: carpals are wrist bones, metacarpals form the palm, and phalanges are the finger bones.
Pelvic Girdle Functions
- Supports body weight and protects the bladder, large intestine, and reproductive organs.
Leg and Foot Bones
- The thigh bone is the femur, while the kneecap is called the patella.
- The foot consists of tarsal (ankle), calcaneus (heel), metatarsal (midfoot), and phalanges (toes).
Joint Types
- Amphiarthrosis: Slightly movable joints (e.g., ribs).
- Diarthrosis: Freely movable joints, also known as synovial joints.
- Synarthrosis: Immovable joints, such as cranial sutures.
Bone Structure
- Diaphysis refers to the shaft of a long bone, while yellow bone marrow is found in the medullary cavity.
Jaw Bone Structure
- The maxilla forms the upper jaw, while the mandible forms the lower jaw.
Zygomatic Bones
- These bones form the cheek prominences, also known as malar bones.
Hyoid Bone
- A U-shaped bone in the neck that serves as a base for the tongue and supports muscles for swallowing.
Joint Conditions
- Arthritis: Inflammation of a joint.
- Gout: Acute arthritis caused by uric acid crystals in a joint, leading to inflammation, swelling, and pain.
Common Root Words
- arthr/o: Joint
- -osis: Condition
- dia-: Through
- epi-: Above or upon
- oste/o: Bone
- -blast: Immature cell
- -clast: To break
- -cyte: Cell
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