PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT KEMEROT

Questions and Answers

What is self-development?

Self-development is a process of discovering oneself by realizing one's potentials and capabilities shaped over time.

What is self-esteem?

Self-esteem is your evaluation of your own worth, which may be positive or negative.

What are the three components of personality according to Freud?

The three components are the Id, Ego, and Superego.

Which aspect of self-concept explains that individuals are not born with it?

Self-concept is learned Signup and view all the answers

Self-concept remains unchanged throughout life.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is likely to help improve self-efficacy?

Believing in one's ability to succeed Signup and view all the answers

What is the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale?

It is a commonly used self-report measure of self-esteem. Signup and view all the answers

What do you need to define when making a rational decision?

You need to define the problem or select your most desired course. Signup and view all the answers

The Id is driven by the _____ principle.

pleasure Signup and view all the answers

Match the aspects that influence self-efficacy with their descriptions:

Performance Experiences = Learning from personal achievements Vicarious Performances = Learning from others' experiences Verbal Persuasion = Receiving encouragement from others Imaginal Performances = Visualizing successful outcomes The Affective States & Physical Sensations = Feeling confident or anxious in certain situations Signup and view all the answers

What is adolescence?

Adolescence is the period when a young individual develops from a child into an adult. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of critical judgment in decision-making?

Critical judgment helps individuals make wise decisions rather than relying on intuition alone. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Learning Competencies

Understanding oneself enhances acceptance of personal strengths and limitations, improving interactions with others.
Sharing unique characteristics and experiences leads to self-discovery and personal growth.

Self-Development

A lifelong journey of self-discovery, recognizing one's potentials shaped by education and environment.
Positive change emerges from addressing negative traits, fostering personal growth and fulfillment.
"An unexamined life is not worth living," emphasizing the value of self-reflection.

Self-Concept

Comprised of one's abstract idea of self, including personality, values, perspectives, and behavior.
Developed throughout life; not innate, but learned over time.
Organized perception of self leads individuals to trust their self-image despite external opinions.
Dynamic nature of self-concept allows for growth and adaptation through life experiences.

Freud's Theory of Personality

Proposed three components: Id, Ego, and Superego, which shape thoughts and behaviors.
Id: Operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification from birth.
Ego: Develops around age three, balancing desires of Id with reality and socially acceptable actions.
Superego: Emerges around age five, represents moral conscience, influenced by family and social norms.

Self-Esteem

Refers to how one evaluates their worth; can be positive (healthy self-regard) or negative (self-doubt).
High self-esteem is linked to completing important tasks and feeling valued and respected.

Self-Efficacy

Defined as confidence in one’s ability to achieve specific goals.
Influences behavior and emotions, aiding in problem-solving and goal attainment.
Stronger beliefs in positive outcomes lead to greater self-efficacy.

Influences on Self-Efficacy

Performance Experiences: Actual achievements boost confidence in future tasks.
Vicarious Performances: Observing others succeed can enhance one's belief in their ability.
Verbal Persuasion: Encouragement from others increases confidence.
Imaginal Performances: Visualizing success in a task can enhance self-efficacy.
Affective States & Physical Sensations: Emotional and physical feedback affects confidence levels.

Self and Identity

According to William James, self-reflection defines one's identity.
Self can be viewed through various lenses to foster improvement.

Improving Self-Concept

Self as Social Actor: Understanding oneself through social interaction.
Self as Motivated Agent: Recognizing personal motivations and aspirations.
Self as Autobiographical Author: Crafting one's life narrative to guide self-improvement.

Judgment and Decision Making

Critical thinking is vital for making rational decisions, avoiding intuitive pitfalls.
Decision-Making Steps:
- Define the problem clearly.
- Identify criteria for evaluating alternatives.
- Assign weight to these criteria based on personal importance.
- Generate and consider different alternatives.
- Rate each alternative against the criteria.
- Compute the optimal choice based on evaluations.

Time-to-Decide Activity

Encourages prioritization and decision-making skills by selecting essential items under constraints.
Promotes reflection on values influencing decisions and the reasoning behind choices.