Personal Development Review: SELF-CONCEPT and Personal Effectiveness

Brain Function and Structure

• The occipital lobe is responsible for visual functions
• The temporal lobe is responsible for hearing and word recognition abilities
• The cerebellum is responsible for voluntary movements of the body
• The brain stem connects the brain and the spinal cord, and is responsible for breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and food digestion
• Neurons are the basic functional units of the nervous system, consisting of a nerve cell body, axon, and dendrite

Self-Esteem

• Self-esteem is the feeling of worth and value received from people
• Influences of self-esteem include infatuation, crush, identity, puberty, development, media images, and outside influences, as well as families and school

Eating Disorders

• Anorexia is a real fear of weight gain and a distorted view of body size and shape
• Bulimia is binge eating and compensating self in extreme ways

Emotions

• Emotions are subjective experiences that consist of physiological arousal and cognitive appraisal
• Feelings arise from emotional experiences, and are the result of an emotion
• Mood is any short-lived emotional state, usually of low intensity
• Emotions can be experienced through subjective experiences, physiological responses, and behavioral responses

Relationships

• Relationships are a way in which two or more people or concepts are connected
• Romantic crush is the beginning of romantic feelings with someone else
• Healthy expression of relationships includes mutual respect, trust, honesty, support, fairness, equality, separate identities, and good communication
• Unacceptable behaviors in any relationship include cheating, putting one down, not supporting the dreams, controlling, lack of communication, unnecessary sacrifices, unreliability, forgetting memorable days, self-destruction, and not caring about friends and family

Social Roles

• Social roles are part of people's lives as members of a social group
• Social norms are unwritten rules of belief, attitudes, and behaviors that are acceptable in a particular social group or culture

Self-Concept

• Actual self is defined by "who we are", "what we think, feel, look, and act"
• Ideal self is "how we want to be"
• Incongruence is the lack of alignment between the actual self and ideal self
• Personal effectiveness includes making use of personal resources, such as talents, skills, energy, and time
• Determination, self-confidence, persistence, managing stress, problem-solving skills, creativity, and generating ideas are all important for personal effectiveness

Stress Management

• Stress is an emotional factor that causes bodily or mental tension
• Causes and effects of stress include anxiety, pressure, misery, strain, desperation, tension, anger, panic, and dejection
• Stressors are situations that direct to stress