6.12CD Classification of Organisms Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is Taxonomy?

The study of ecosystems

The branch of science that formally names and classifies organisms by their structure, function, and relationships (correct)

The classification of matter in chemistry

The study of animal behavior

What does Structure refer to in biology?

The arrangement of parts that form a living thing.

What is a Eukaryotic Cell?

A cell containing a membrane-enclosed nucleus and organelles.

What defines a Prokaryotic Cell?

A cell lacking a nucleus or any other membrane-enclosed organelle. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Unicellular Organism?

An organism made up of one cell. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Multicellular Organism?

An organism made up of more than one cell, and often made up of different types of cells. Signup and view all the answers

What does Function mean in biology?

The special activity of a part. Signup and view all the answers

What is an Autotrophic Organism?

An organism that is able to make its own food. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Heterotrophic Organism?

An organism that cannot make its own food. Signup and view all the answers

What is Reproduction?

The process of an organism producing more of its own kind. Signup and view all the answers

What is Sexual Reproduction?

A method of reproduction that requires both a male and a female parent. Signup and view all the answers

What is Asexual Reproduction?

A method of reproduction that requires only one parent. Signup and view all the answers

What are Domains in biological classification?

The primary or highest-ranking classification of organisms, which includes three groups: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Signup and view all the answers

What is Domain Bacteria?

One of the three taxonomic domains; includes prokaryotic, single-celled organisms that lack a membrane-enclosed nucleus and that can be classified by shape. Signup and view all the answers

What is Domain Archaea?

One of the three taxonomic domains; includes unicellular organisms that are prokaryotic like bacteria, but also share characteristics with eukaryotes. Signup and view all the answers

What is Domain Eukarya?

One of the three taxonomic domains of organisms; cells contain a membrane-enclosed nucleus. Signup and view all the answers

What are Kingdoms in biological classification?

A taxonomic rank below domain that is composed of smaller groups: Archaea, Bacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. Signup and view all the answers

What is Kingdom Bacteria?

Kingdom of prokaryotic, single-celled organisms that lack a membrane-enclosed nucleus and can be classified by shape. Signup and view all the answers

What is Kingdom Archaea?

Kingdom of unicellular organisms that are prokaryotic like bacteria, but also share characteristics with eukaryotes. Signup and view all the answers

What is Kingdom Protista?

Kingdom of single-celled and simple multicellular eukaryotic organisms. Signup and view all the answers

What is Kingdom Fungi?

Kingdom of heterotrophic eukaryotes that reproduce through asexual spores and have chitin in their cell walls. Signup and view all the answers

What is Kingdom Plantae?

Kingdom of autotrophic eukaryotes that includes all plants. Signup and view all the answers

What is Kingdom Animalia?

Kingdom of heterotrophic eukaryotes that includes all animals. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Taxonomy and Classification

Taxonomy is the scientific discipline focused on naming and classifying organisms based on their structure, function, and relationships.
Organisms are categorized into distinct classifications, starting with the highest rank: domains.

Cellular Differences

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-enclosed nuclei and organelles, distinguishing them from prokaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, making them simpler in structure.

Organism Types

Unicellular organisms consist of a single cell, while multicellular organisms are made up of multiple cells, often of various types.

Organism Functions and Nutrition

The function of a part in an organism refers to its specific role or activity.
Autotrophic organisms produce their own food through processes like photosynthesis.
Heterotrophic organisms cannot synthesize their own food and rely on consuming other organisms.

Reproductive Methods

Reproduction is the ability of organisms to generate more of their kind.
Sexual reproduction involves both male and female parents, while asexual reproduction requires only one parent.

Domains of Life

The three taxonomic domains are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya:
- Domain Bacteria includes prokaryotic, single-celled organisms with diverse shapes.
- Domain Archaea consists of unicellular prokaryotic organisms that share traits with eukaryotes.
- Domain Eukarya encompasses all organisms with eukaryotic cells.

Kingdoms Under Domains

Kingdoms are further subdivisions within domains, including:
- Kingdom Bacteria: Prokaryotic, single-celled organisms lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus.
- Kingdom Archaea: Unicellular and prokaryotic, sharing some eukaryotic characteristics.
- Kingdom Protista: Includes single-celled and simple multicellular eukaryotes.
- Kingdom Fungi: Composed of heterotrophic eukaryotes that have chitin in their cell walls and reproduce with asexual spores.
- Kingdom Plantae: Autotrophic eukaryotes, primarily all plant species.
- Kingdom Animalia: Heterotrophic eukaryotes that encompass all animals.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the classification of organisms with these flashcards. This quiz covers essential terms like taxonomy, cell types, and structural components of living organisms. Perfect for biology students looking to reinforce their understanding of organism classification.