21st Century Literature: Definition and Reading

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Questions and Answers

Which literary form, popular during the Pre-Spanish period in the Philippines, served not only as entertainment but also as a way to transmit cultural values and historical information?

Legends
Folktales
Epics (correct)
Epigrams

In pre-colonial Philippine society, what role did the 'Babaylan' primarily fulfill, and how did this role influence their community?

They functioned as historians, preserving the genealogy and important events through oral traditions.
They acted as mystical healers with spiritual connections, giving them political and social influence. (correct)
They were primarily agricultural experts, guiding the community in farming practices, giving them economic control.
They served as warriors protecting their tribes from invaders, thus holding military power.

During the Spanish Colonial period, what was the significance of 'Doctrina Christiana en Lengua Española Tagala' in the context of Philippine literature and society?

It documented pre-colonial Philippine history and culture, preserving the traditions before Spanish influence.
It was the first printed collection of secular Tagalog poems, marking the beginning of a national literary identity.
It served as a comprehensive guide to Spanish grammar for Filipinos, facilitating communication and trade.
It was a key text used to spread Catholicism among the natives, utilizing the local language for better understanding. (correct)

How did the introduction of the 'Abecedario' during the Spanish period impact Philippine society and literacy?

It simplified the writing system, contributing to increased literacy and access to written materials for Filipinos. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes 'Urbana at Felisa' from other literary works of the Spanish period, and why is Fr. Modesto de Castro considered the 'Father of Classical Tagalog Prose'?

It uniquely used a conversational style through letters, setting a standard for refined Tagalog prose. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the significance of 'Libro delos Cuatro Posprimeras de Hombres'?

A biography of the four Fathers of the Catholic Church, showcasing early typography. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Tomas Pinpin is most recognized for his contribution to:

Writing 'Librong pagaaralan nang manga Tagalog nang uicang Castila,' a book for Tagalogs to learn Spanish. (B) Signup and view all the answers

The assimilation of European legends and traditions primarily influenced Philippine:

Songs, corridos, and Moro-Moros. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which dramatic form is best described as a folk drama depicting the conflict between Christians and Muslims in the Philippines?

Moro-Moro (C) Signup and view all the answers

Fr. Blancas de San Jose is best known for his association with which of the following works?

Arte y Reglas de la Lengua Tagala (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these Spanish-influenced dramas involves the search for the Holy Cross by St. Helena?

Tibag (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is LEAST likely to be found in flash fiction?

A length of several pages. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary theme of the 'Panunuluyan'?

The search of the Virgin Mary and St. Joseph for an inn. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates a graphic novel from a comic book?

A graphic novel tells a complete story, while a comic book typically presents a serialized excerpt. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the 'Karagatan'?

A legend about a princess who dropped her ring in the middle of the ocean for her suitors to retrieve. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following graphic novel categories focuses on stories grounded in reality, without superhuman elements?

Non-Superhero Stories (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a surprise or twist ending in flash fiction?

To prompt the reader to think deeply about the true meaning of the story. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which genre blends actual historical events with imagined alternative outcomes?

Alternate history fiction (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which literary device is defined by the repetition of the initial consonant sound in a series of words?

Alliteration (A) Signup and view all the answers

If a short story is precisely 500 words long, how would you classify it?

Flash Fiction (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of graphic novel would most likely be autobiographical?

Personal Narratives (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does hypertext fiction primarily engage the reader differently than traditional linear fiction?

By offering nonlinearity and interactive elements that allow the reader to influence the story's progression. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is most indicative of 21st-century literature's departure from pre-existing genres?

The integration of computer or digital devices in the production of literary works. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In what way does code poetry uniquely express poetic elements?

By employing programming languages to generate poetic compositions. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic that differentiates graphic novels from comic strips?

Graphic novels are longer and tell a complete story, while comic strips are shorter and often serialized. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does speculative fiction primarily differ from other fiction genres?

It explores themes and concepts that could potentially become real. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which literary form is characterized by its brevity, presenting a complete narrative in a condensed format?

Flash Fiction (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the significance of 'La Liga Filipina' during the Period of Enlightenment?

It was a civic society founded by Jose Rizal to advocate for reforms. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What commonality exists between Japanese Manga, Graphic Novels, and Comic Strips, categorizing them under graphic literature?

A blend of sequential images and words to tell a story. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How did the establishment of public education by the Americans influence Philippine literature during the American Regime?

It facilitated the widespread adoption of English as a medium for literary expression. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does chick lit distinguish itself from other forms of contemporary literature?

By dealing with the experiences and empowerment of contemporary women. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pen names is associated with Jesus Balmori?

Batikuling (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of Tagalog writers during the American Regime?

Lamenting the conditions of the country and arousing love for the native tongue. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of 'balagtasan' in Philippine literature?

It is a poetic joust or debate on a particular topic or issue. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How did newspapers like 'El Nuevo Dia', 'El Grito del Pueblo', and 'El Renacimiento' contribute to the socio-political landscape during the American Regime?

They provided platforms for political discourse and expression of nationalist sentiments. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which literary work is Paz Marquez Benitez best known for?

Dead Stars (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Amado V. Hernandez's contribution to Philippine literature?

He was known as 'Makata ng mga Manggagawa' for his writings about laborers. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which National Artist significantly contributed to the revival of traditional Filipino drama through Teatrong Pilipino?

Rolando S. Tinio, by reviving old theater forms. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which author's work is most recognized for its lyrical prose-poetic form, significantly influencing the development of the modern Filipino short story in English?

Francisco Arcellana (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which National Artist is known for works that delve into the social dynamics of class struggles and the impact of colonialism?

F. Sionil Jose (B) Signup and view all the answers

If an individual seeks a novel that captures the essence of Filipino life within a global perspective, which author's work would be most suitable?

N.V.M. Gonzalez (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which National Artist created lyrics for over 4,000 Filipino songs, significantly contributing to Filipino folk, Christmas, and love themes in music?

Levi Celerio (D) Signup and view all the answers

An aspiring playwright wants to learn from a National Artist known for staging productions at the Ateneo Experimental Theater and later reviving traditional Filipino dramas. Which artist should they study?

Rolando S. Tinio (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which author's writings are known for blending a unique style with substance and craftsmanship with profound insights?

Edith L. Tiempo (C) Signup and view all the answers

If a reader is interested in exploring a series of novels that depict political and historical events, which work by a National Artist should they consider?

"Rosales Saga" by F. Sionil Jose (C) Signup and view all the answers

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Flashcards

Oral Tradition

The initial form of Philippine Literature conveyed by word of mouth.

Babaylan

Female mystical healers in pre-colonial Philippines with spiritual and social power.