ECG Abnormalities and Heart Conditions PDF

ECG abnormalities can indicate various heart conditions. Here are some common abnormalities and their implications: 1\. ST Segment Elevation Indicates: Myocardial infarction (heart attack). Description: A sharp upward deflection in the ST segment. 2\. ST Segment Depression Indicates: Myocardial...

ECG abnormalities can indicate various heart conditions. Here are some common abnormalities and their implications: 1\. ST Segment Elevation Indicates: Myocardial infarction (heart attack). Description: A sharp upward deflection in the ST segment. 2\. ST Segment Depression Indicates: Myocardial ischemia or non-ST elevation MI. Description: A downward slope of the ST segment. 3\. T Wave Inversions Indicates: Possible ischemia or prior myocardial infarction. Description: T waves appear inverted (negative) instead of upright. 4\. Prolonged QT Interval Indicates: Risk of arrhythmias (e.g., Torsades de Pointes). Description: QT interval longer than normal (typically \>450 ms in men, \>470 ms in women). 5\. Atrial Fibrillation Indicates: Atrial arrhythmia. Description: Irregular and often rapid heart rhythm with no distinct P waves. 6\. Atrial Flutter Indicates: Atrial arrhythmia. Description: Characterized by \"sawtooth\" pattern in the inferior leads (F-waves). 7\. Ventricular Tachycardia Indicates: Potentially life-threatening arrhythmia. Description: Fast heart rate with wide QRS complexes. 8\. Ventricular Fibrillation Indicates: Critical condition requiring immediate intervention. Description: Chaotic electrical activity with no effective heartbeat. 9\. Bundle Branch Block Indicates: Delay in electrical conduction. Description: Prolonged QRS duration (≥120 ms) with specific patterns in leads. 10\. Heart Block Indicates: Impaired conduction through the AV node. Description: First-degree: Prolonged PR interval. Second-degree: Missed beats (Type I or II). Third-degree: Complete dissociation between atrial and ventricular activity.