PSAS Class 8 Written Exam Material PDF

**Written Exam Material for PSAS Class 8** 1. **Basketball** 2. **Badminton** 3. **Shot Put** 4. **Rounders** 5. **Daily Activities (Physical Fitness)** **Outline** **Basketball** - International basketball organizations - National basketball organizations - Definition of a jump...

**Written Exam Material for PSAS Class 8** 1. **Basketball** 2. **Badminton** 3. **Shot Put** 4. **Rounders** 5. **Daily Activities (Physical Fitness)** **Outline** **Basketball** - International basketball organizations - National basketball organizations - Definition of a jump ball - Definition of a chest pass - Definition of a lay-up - Players\' roles in guarding the front, back, and center areas - Purpose of dribbling the ball downwards - Passing techniques in basketball **Badminton** - Basic service techniques in badminton - Scoring system in badminton - Players in badminton - Basic smash technique - Maximum points in a badminton game - Benefits of playing badminton - Materials used for shuttlecocks in badminton - The national governing body of badminton in Indonesia **Shot Put** - Definition of shot put - Body position in shot put - Shot put equipment - Fouls in shot put - Shot put techniques - Steps athletes must take to properly perform the shot put technique **Rounders** - Shape of the rounders field - Definition of home base - Basic techniques in rounders - Different types of ball throws in rounders - Equipment needed for rounders **Physical Fitness** - Components of physical fitness - Benefits of physical fitness - Benefits of short-distance running (sprints) - One exercise that improves heart endurance - How to improve agility - How to train arm, chest, and shoulder muscles - How to maintain physical fitness daily **Rounders** The shape of the rounders field is a regular pentagon with each side measuring 15 meters. At each corner of the field, there are bases shaped like squares, labeled with Roman numerals I, II, III, IV, and V. Base V, or the fifth base, is also known as home base. - **Home Base Definition**\ Home base is the final point players must reach after running through 4 bases (points) to score a point. A player who successfully reaches home base after hitting the ball and running through the bases earns one point for their team. Home base is located at the last point in the running path. - **Basic Techniques in Rounders**\ Some basic techniques in rounders include: - **Hitting**: The player uses a bat to strike the ball thrown by the opponent. - **Running**: After hitting the ball, the player runs through the bases to score a point. - **Throwing**: The player throws the ball to hit a base or the player running to eliminate them from the game. - **Types of Ball Throws in Rounders**\ Some types of throws in rounders include: - **Straight throw**: The ball is thrown directly towards the player or base. - **Curved throw**: The ball is thrown with a curve, making it harder for the opponent to hit. - **Fast throw**: The ball is thrown with high speed to challenge the player\'s accuracy and reaction time. - **Equipment Required for Playing Rounders**\ The necessary equipment for playing rounders includes: - **Rounders bat**: Used to hit the ball. - **Rounders ball**: A small ball thrown to the players. - **Base boards**: Used as reference points for running and scoring. - **Sportswear**: For comfort during movement and play. - **Sports shoes**: To support fast and safe movement on the field. **Physical Fitness** Physical fitness components cover essential physical aspects for maintaining health and body performance. The main components of physical fitness include: - **Cardiovascular endurance**: The ability of the heart and blood vessels to supply oxygen to the body during physical activity. - **Muscle strength**: The ability of muscles to overcome resistance or weight. - **Muscular endurance**: The ability of muscles to endure exertion for extended periods without fatigue. - **Agility**: The ability to move quickly and precisely in different directions. - **Speed**: The ability of the body to move quickly. - **Balance**: The ability to maintain a stable body position. - **Flexibility**: The range of motion available in the joints. - **Body composition**: The proportion of fat to lean mass in the body. **Benefits of Physical Fitness**:\ Improves endurance, reduces fatigue during physical activities. Short-distance running or sprints provide several benefits, such as: - Increasing strength and speed in leg muscles. **Cardio Exercises**\ Cardio exercises are crucial for improving heart and blood vessel health. One of the best exercises is running. **Improving Agility**\ Agility refers to the ability to move quickly and accurately in different directions. To improve agility, exercises like zig-zag running are effective. **Training Arm Muscles**\ To strengthen arm muscles, exercises like push-ups, which work on the arms, chest, and shoulders, can be performed. **Maintaining Daily Physical Fitness**\ Maintaining physical fitness every day is vital for long-term health. Here are some ways to keep fit: - **Regular exercise**: Engage in activities like walking, running, cycling, or swimming at least 3-4 times a week. - **Stay active throughout the day**: Avoid sitting for long periods, and take time to walk or do light physical activities. - **Adopt a healthy diet**: Consume nutritious foods like vegetables, fruits, healthy proteins, and limit processed foods.