WRBS Powerpoint#6 Islam.pptx

ISLAM HAROLD D. BLANDO, M.A. KAABA The Kaaba is the most sacred site in Islam, and Muslims around the world face its direction during their daily prayers. Consider as house of God, built by Abraham QUR’AN The Qur'an is the holy book of Islam, believed to be the literal word...

ISLAM HAROLD D. BLANDO, M.A. KAABA The Kaaba is the most sacred site in Islam, and Muslims around the world face its direction during their daily prayers. Consider as house of God, built by Abraham QUR’AN The Qur'an is the holy book of Islam, believed to be the literal word of God as revealed to Prophet Muhammad. SALAH MUSLIM CALLIGRAPHY Islamic art often features beautiful calligraphy using Arabic script, which is used to write verses from the Qur'an and other religious texts. Bismilliah – In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful MOSQUE Representing the central place of worship for Muslims and a symbol of Islamic architecture.  During the 6th and 7th centuries, the Arabian Peninsula was characterized by a diverse array of tribes, each with their own traditions and religious practices.  In this backdrop, Prophet Muhammad, born in 570 A.D., emerged as a central figure who would profoundly shape the course of history.  Mecca - Quraysh tribe Orphaned at an early age Married Khadijah, a wealthy widow, when he was 25 years old Muhammad received revelations from Allah through the angel Gabriel inside the Cave of Hira (610), which would become the cornerstone of the Islamic faith. These revelations, compiled into the Qur’an.  The Hijra, or migration, in 622 A.D. from Mecca not only signaled a shift in Muhammad's leadership but also laid the foundation for the establishment of the first Muslim community in Medina. This community, or ummah, represented a diverse group of individuals united by their commitment to Islam.  Wives of Prophet Muhammad: Prophet Muhammad had a total of eleven wives throughout his lifetime. Aisha bint Abi Bakr, one of Prophet Muhammad's wives, is believed to have been around 6 years old when the marriage was solemnized.  Military warlord and Military Expeditions of Prophet Muhammad: The battles included the Battle of Badr (624 A.D.), where a small Muslim force faced a larger Meccan army; the Battle of Uhud (625 A.D.), which had mixed outcomes for the Muslims; and the Battle of Khaybar (628 A.D.), against the Jewish tribes of Khaybar.  Conquest of Mecca (630AD) After years of conflict, Muhammad and his forces peacefully conquered Mecca. He entered the city without bloodshed, destroyed the idols in the Kaaba, and established Islam as the dominant religion of the region.  Muhammad’s death (632 AD) Narrated 'Aisha: The Prophet in his ailment in which he died, used to say, "O 'Aisha! I still feel the pain caused by the food I ate at Khaibar, and at this time, I feel as if my aorta is being cut from that poison."—Sahih al-Bukhari 4428  QUR’AN The Qur'an is like a special book for Muslims. They believe it is the direct words of God that were given to Prophet Muhammad a long time ago. It tells them how to live good lives, be kind to others, and follow God's rules.  Tawhid (monotheism) is the most fundamental teaching in the Qur'an. It stresses the oneness of God (Allah) and rejects any form of polytheism or idolatry. "He is Allah, [who is] One. Allah, the Eternal Refuge. He neither begets nor is born, Nor is there to Him any equivalent." (Surah Al- Ikhlas, 112:1-4) Submission to the Will of Allah  In Christianity In Islam, Allah is God is Father not a father, he just wants you to who loves and submit to his cares for His will. No such people thing as Allah loves you.  Commitment to justice: The Qur’an promotes justice as a key aspect of social harmony and personal conduct. Muslims are instructed to stand up for what is right, even if it is difficult or unpopular. Key Verse: "O you who have believed, be persistently standing firm in justice, witnesses for Allah, even if it be against yourselves or parents and relatives." (Surah An-Nisa, 4:135)  Obligation to help others: The Qur’an emphasizes the duty of believers to care for the less fortunate through Zakat (mandatory almsgiving) and Sadaqah (voluntary charity). Key Verse: "Establish prayer and give Zakat, and whatever good you put forward for yourselves—you will find it with Allah." (Surah Al-Baqarah, 2:110)  Belief in the Day of Judgment: The Qur’an teaches that all individuals will be held accountable for their actions in this life. On the Day of Judgment, each person's deeds will be weighed, and they will be rewarded or punished accordingly. Key Verse: "So whoever does an atom's weight of good will see it, and whoever does an atom's weight of evil will see it." (Surah Az-Zalzalah, 99:7-8)  HADITH Hadiths are stories about things Prophet Muhammad said and did. They help Muslims understand how to follow the teachings in the Qur'an. They are like guidance and advice from the Prophet to show how to be a good person and live in a way that pleases God.  In Christianity In Islam Christians are They have the taught to be proud concept of Taqqiyah of Jesus even in where Muslims can actually save the face of themselves by lying persecution and and pretending to death and never to conform with other deny Him. people’s faith.  According to certain Hadith, a woman's testimony is considered worth half of a man's in certain legal contexts. Example Hadith: "The Prophet [Muhammad] said: Is not the witness of a woman equal to half of that of a man? The women said, 'Yes.' He said, 'This is because of the deficiency of a woman's mind.'" (Sahih Bukhari, 2658)  Hadith Context: One of the most debated topics is the Prophet Muhammad's marriage to Aisha, who was reportedly very young. Example Hadith: "Aisha reported: The Prophet married her when she was six years old and consummated the marriage when she was nine years old." (Sahih Bukhari, 5134)  Hadith Context: Certain Hadith prescribe harsh penalties for those who leave Islam, including the death penalty. Example Hadith: "Whoever changes his religion, kill him." (Sahih Bukhari, 3017)  Hadith Context: Islamic inheritance laws are based on both the Qur’an and Hadith, where men are typically given a larger share of inheritance compared to women. Example Hadith: The Qur’an states, "For the male, what is equal to the share of two females." (Surah An-Nisa, 4:11), which is further reinforced by Hadith.  The Concept of Jihad Hadith Context: The term Jihad is often associated with both inner spiritual struggle and armed conflict in defense of Islam. Some Hadith refer to physical warfare. Example Hadith: "I have been commanded to fight the people until they testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah." (Sahih Muslim, 22:11)  the declaration of faith, is the foundational pillar SALAH the ritual prayer performed five times a day, serves as a constant connection with Allah SAWM fasting during the month of Ramadan, as an act of self-discipline and spiritual reflection ZAKAT duty of giving alms to the less fortunate and how it promotes social justice and charity HAJJ the pilgrimage to Mecca, which is mandatory for Muslims who are physically and financially able to undertake it, as it represents unity and equality among believers.  Sharia, often referred to as Sharia law, is a system of Islamic law derived from the Quran (the holy book of Islam) and the Hadith (the sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad,) Sharia serves as a comprehensive moral and legal framework for Muslims and addresses various aspects of life, including religious practices, personal conduct, family matters, and matters of governance.  Islam allows polygamy, but it does not mandate it. he must treat all his wives with justice and fairness, both emotionally and materially seek the consent of his first wife before marrying a second (or subsequent) wife obtain the permission of the legal authorities  Punishment for Apostasy Sharia Context: In traditional interpretations of Sharia, apostasy (leaving Islam) is often considered a serious offense punishable by death. This is based on Hadiths that prescribe harsh penalties for Muslims who abandon their faith.  Hudud Punishments (Physical Punishments for Crimes) Sharia Context: Hudud crimes, which include theft, adultery, and blasphemy, carry specific punishments that can include flogging, amputation of limbs, and stoning to death. For example, theft may result in the amputation of a hand if strict conditions are met.  Blasphemy Laws Sharia Context: Blasphemy, or showing disrespect towards Islam, the Prophet Muhammad, or religious symbols, is a serious offense under Sharia law. In some Muslim-majority countries, blasphemy can be punishable by death or long imprisonment.  Stoning for Adultery Sharia Context: In cases of adultery, if strict evidentiary requirements are met (typically four eyewitnesses to the act), Sharia law may prescribe stoning to death for married individuals who commit adultery. This is considered one of the Hudud punishments in classical Islamic jurisprudence. 3 Sects in Islam  Sunni Muslims are the big group who follow the main way of Islam. They believe leaders should be chosen by leaders of the Muslim community and they follow the teachings of Prophet Muhammad.  Shi'ite Muslims are another group. They think leaders should be from the family of Prophet Muhammad.  Sufis are like the spiritual Muslims. They focus on getting close to God through prayer Sufism is a way of connecting with God on a personal and emotional level, often through mystical practices.  Consuming Alcohol and Intoxicants: The consumption of alcohol and any substance that can intoxicate is strictly prohibited in Islam. Interest (Usury) (Riba): Engaging in usurious practices, such as charging or paying interest, is considered haram. Pork and Its By-Products: The consumption of pork and pork-derived products is forbidden in Islam.  Theft and Robbery: Stealing and engaging in acts of theft and robbery are haram. Adultery and Fornication: Sexual relations outside of a lawful marriage are considered sinful. Backbiting and Slander: Speaking ill of others behind their backs or spreading false information is prohibited.  Idolatry and Polytheism: Associating partners with Allah (God) or worshiping idols is the gravest sin in Islam. Consuming Halal Meat Without Proper Slaughtering: Muslims are required to consume only halal (lawful) meat, which includes following specific slaughtering methods. Engaging in Gambling (Maisir): All forms of gambling and games of chance are haram. Engaging in Dishonest Business Practices: Unfair business dealings, cheating, and fraudulent practices are not allowed in Islam. ISSUES IN ISLAM MUSLIM EXTREMISM extremist interpretations of Islam, which advocate violence and radicalism interpretations are often politically motivated and are rejected by most Muslims  Malala Yousafzai, a Pakistani activist born in 1997, became a global symbol for girls’ education after surviving a Taliban assassination attempt in 2012. Despite being shot in the head, she recovered and continued her advocacy, co-founding the Malala Fund to support education for girls worldwide. She became the youngest Nobel Peace Prize laureate in 2014 and graduated from the University of Oxford in 2020. Malala’s work includes meeting world leaders, speaking at the UN, and authoring books like “I Am Malala,” all while inspiring millions with her resilience and dedication to education.  CAPITAL PUNISHMENT Stoning (Rajm): Stoning to death is a method of execution for the crime of adultery (zina) when committed by a married person. Beheading (Decapitation): Beheading is a method of execution used for certain serious crimes, such as murder, acts of terrorism, and high treason. The executioner uses a sword or similar implement to sever the head from the body.  CAPITAL PUNISHMENT Hanging: Hanging is another method used in some Muslim- majority countries for executions. Firing Squad: Firing squad is used in some countries as a method of execution for particularly serious offenses. Electric Chair or Lethal Injection: While less common in Muslim-majority countries, some have adopted modern methods such as the electric chair or lethal injection for executions.  RESEARCHING MUSLIM BELIEFS AND PRACTICES 1. Topic Selection: Choose a specific Muslim belief, practice, historical event, or cultural aspect that interests you. This could include topics like the Five Pillars of Islam, the life of Prophet Muhammad, Islamic art, the Hajj pilgrimage, Ramadan, or any other relevant topic. 2. Research: Conduct thorough research on your chosen topic. Use reputable sources such as books, academic articles, online resources from reputable organizations, and documentaries. Take notes on key points, historical context, and any significance related to the topic. 3. Gather Information: Collect information about the origins, meaning, rituals, and importance of the chosen belief or practice within the Islamic faith. Consider any cultural variations or historical developments that might be relevant.  RESEARCHING MUSLIM BELIEFS AND PRACTICES 1. Presentation: Create a presentation that effectively communicates your research findings. You can choose a format that suits your style, such as a PowerPoint presentation, a poster, or even a short video. 2. Include Visuals: Incorporate images, maps, or illustrations to support your presentation. Visual aids can help your audience better understand the topic. 3. Explain Significance: Discuss why the chosen belief or practice is significant within the context of Islam and how it impacts the lives of Muslims.  RESEARCHING MUSLIM BELIEFS AND PRACTICES 1. Cultural Sensitivity: Approach the topic with cultural sensitivity and respect. Avoid misconceptions and stereotypes. Focus on accurate and balanced information. 2. Cite Sources: Properly cite the sources of your information to give credit to the authors and ensure the accuracy of your work. 3. Practice Presentation: Rehearse your presentation to ensure you can confidently convey the information to your classmates. 1. Respecting Differences: Learning about different branches of Islam teaches us to be kind to people with diverse beliefs, just like we want others to be kind to us. This can help us get along better with friends from various backgrounds. 2. Helping Others: Understanding Zakat, which is like giving to those in need, reminds us to help people who don't have as much. We can do small things like sharing our toys or donating to charity to make a positive difference. 3. Feeling Calm and Positive: Exploring Sufi teachings about connecting with God can remind us to take quiet moments to feel peaceful and think about positive things. This can make us feel happier and more relaxed in our daily lives  Islam, like other major world religions, places a strong emphasis on monotheism and the belief in one supreme deity. The core teachings of Islam, centered around the oneness of God (Allah) and the prophethood of Muhammad, resonate with the foundational principles of other Abrahamic religions, such as Christianity and Judaism. The Five Pillars of Islam serve as a unifying framework for Muslim believers worldwide, guiding their daily lives and fostering a sense of community and identity. Similarly, other religions have their own sets of principles or practices that unite followers and provide a sense of purpose and direction. JOURNAL/REFLECTION ASSIGN AN INDIVIDUAL OR GROUP TASK WHERE STUDENTS WRITE REFLECTIONS ON WHAT THEY LEARNED ABOUT ISLAM AND ITS IMPACT ON THE WORLD.